Spathulenol

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    6750-60-3

    Molecular formula
    C15H24O

    SMILES
    C[C@@]1(CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@H]3[C@H](C3(C)C)CCC2=C)O

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 1578.71
    • Carbowax: 2129.29

  • Odor profile

    Woody 72.05%
    Fruity 65.09%
    Herbal 59.3%
    Spicy 50.58%
    Earthy 47.11%
    Sweet 43.83%
    Balsamic 42.91%
    Camphoreous 40.13%
    Fresh 37.83%
    Mint 37.57%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    3.1

    pKa est.
    9.65 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    220.35 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Slow

    Boiling point

    • 296.00 to 298.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

    Flash point est.
    89.48 ˚C

  • Synonyms

    • Spathulenol
    • 6750-60-3
    • espatulenol
    • (+)-Spathulenol
    • Spatulenol
    • UNII-7XV9L96SJJ
    • 7XV9L96SJJ
    • spathulenol,(+)-spathulenol,espatulenol
    • CHEBI:132824
    • 1H-CYCLOPROP(E)AZULEN-7-OL, DECAHYDRO-1,1,7-TRIMETHYL-4-METHYLENE-
    • 1H-CYCLOPROP(E)AZULEN-7-OL, DECAHYDRO-1,1,7-TRIMETHYL-4-METHYLENE-, (1AR,4AR,7S,7AR,7BR)-
    • (1aR,4aR,7S,7aR,7bR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidene-1a,2,3,4a,5,6,7a,7b-octahydrocyclopropa[h]azulen-7-ol
    • Spathulenol?
    • (1aR,4aR,7S,7aR,7bR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidenedecahydro-1H-cyclopropa(e)azulen-7-ol
    • (1aR,4aR,7S,7aR,7bR)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidenedecahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulen-7-ol
    • 1H-Cycloprop(e)azulen-7-ol, decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-, (1aR-(1aalpha,4aalpha,7beta,7abeta,7balpha))-
    • SCHEMBL309962
    • CHEMBL518542
    • HY-N1205
    • AKOS037515399
    • FS63189
    • DA-67713
    • MS-23227
    • CS-0016592
    • F82083
    • Q1376658

  • Applications

    Spathulenol (CAS 6750-60-3) is a sesquiterpene alcohol widely found in plant essential oils and is used mainly as a fragrance ingredient in perfumes and personal care products for its warm woody, herbal, slightly spicy notes and mild fixative behavior; in flavor and fragrance technology it helps shape the natural aroma profile of extracts, although it is rarely added as a high-level standalone flavor; in research it serves as a reference standard for GC-MS/NMR, a chemotaxonomic marker and a quality-control tracer for essential oils, and it is monitored as an oxidation/thermal rearrangement product that can arise from germacrene D; numerous studies have examined its biological activities (antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal/repellent), indicating potential in natural preservation, active packaging and biopesticide formulations, but these uses remain largely investigational and require thorough safety and efficacy evaluation; it is also explored as a starting point for sesquiterpene derivative synthesis and as an aromatherapy component where its moderate volatility can prolong scent persistence.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 274.07
    methanol 235.72
    isopropanol 355.71
    water 0.83
    ethyl acetate 235.34
    n-propanol 276.99
    acetone 381.16
    n-butanol 270.72
    acetonitrile 179.89
    DMF 468.79
    toluene 194.37
    isobutanol 235.5
    1,4-dioxane 497.08
    methyl acetate 245.56
    THF 1028.1
    2-butanone 351.41
    n-pentanol 146.38
    sec-butanol 218.3
    n-hexane 14.33
    ethylene glycol 77.22
    NMP 206.85
    cyclohexane 31.44
    DMSO 287.85
    n-butyl acetate 196.6
    n-octanol 134.19
    chloroform 525.21
    n-propyl acetate 149.31
    acetic acid 108.1
    dichloromethane 348.68
    cyclohexanone 378.93
    propylene glycol 133.08
    isopropyl acetate 218.09
    DMAc 310.4
    2-ethoxyethanol 230.38
    isopentanol 240.15
    n-heptane 20.88
    ethyl formate 178.67
    1,2-dichloroethane 220.08
    n-hexanol 235.73
    2-methoxyethanol 437.66
    isobutyl acetate 147.22
    tetrachloromethane 86.43
    n-pentyl acetate 163.64
    transcutol 366.57
    n-heptanol 138.35
    ethylbenzene 103.12
    MIBK 243.86
    2-propoxyethanol 404.04
    tert-butanol 334.2
    MTBE 286.72
    2-butoxyethanol 247.07
    propionic acid 128.84
    o-xylene 109.38
    formic acid 38.84
    diethyl ether 238.47
    m-xylene 147.35
    p-xylene 134.71
    chlorobenzene 172.86
    dimethyl carbonate 121.73
    n-octane 13.21
    formamide 72.87
    cyclopentanone 549.73
    2-pentanone 306.51
    anisole 206.95
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 281.61
    gamma-butyrolactone 432.51
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 397.62
    pyridine 332.97
    3-pentanone 201.31
    furfural 327.54
    n-dodecane 12.85
    diethylene glycol 288.71
    diisopropyl ether 90.4
    tert-amyl alcohol 202.34
    acetylacetone 319.9
    n-hexadecane 14.8
    acetophenone 171.14
    methyl propionate 205.26
    isopentyl acetate 221.45
    trichloroethylene 367.48
    n-nonanol 123.26
    cyclohexanol 188.52
    benzyl alcohol 174.8
    2-ethylhexanol 122.97
    isooctanol 118.76
    dipropyl ether 135.16
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 148.68
    ethyl lactate 118.11
    propylene carbonate 225.47
    n-methylformamide 193.29
    2-pentanol 181.75
    n-pentane 21.32
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 288.95
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 274.25
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 202.77
    mesitylene 89.52
    ε-caprolactone 280.5
    p-cymene 81.74
    epichlorohydrin 499.93
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 223.56
    2-aminoethanol 151.14
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 345.06
    sulfolane 349.15
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 14.38
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 433.28
    n-hexyl acetate 220.64
    isooctane 17.82
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 251.85
    sec-butyl acetate 126.53
    tert-butyl acetate 225.81
    decalin 19.9
    glycerin 159.05
    diglyme 410.9
    acrylic acid 106.21
    isopropyl myristate 99.16
    n-butyric acid 211.01
    acetyl acetate 155.23
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 99.66
    ethyl propionate 141.46
    nitromethane 228.77
    1,2-diethoxyethane 178.04
    benzonitrile 207.21
    trioctyl phosphate 80.06
    1-bromopropane 168.45
    gamma-valerolactone 587.47
    n-decanol 94.17
    triethyl phosphate 83.65
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 144.14
    propionitrile 233.84
    vinylene carbonate 217.74
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 271.8
    DMS 156.4
    cumene 78.24
    2-octanol 105.44
    2-hexanone 182.26
    octyl acetate 123.27
    limonene 91.48
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 391.78
    ethyl orthosilicate 81.57
    tributyl phosphate 81.82
    diacetone alcohol 258.26
    N,N-dimethylaniline 132.85
    acrylonitrile 239.02
    aniline 181.66
    1,3-propanediol 238.61
    bromobenzene 174.03
    dibromomethane 239.89
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 319.51
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 140.84
    tetrabutyl urea 105.33
    diisobutyl methanol 99.08
    2-phenylethanol 218.09
    styrene 108.73
    dioctyl adipate 112.72
    dimethyl sulfate 144.85
    ethyl butyrate 143.91
    methyl lactate 151.54
    butyl lactate 148.18
    diethyl carbonate 101.44
    propanediol butyl ether 214.47
    triethyl orthoformate 114.51
    p-tert-butyltoluene 84.98
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 178.56
    morpholine 490.52
    tert-butylamine 198.66
    n-dodecanol 72.19
    dimethoxymethane 410.53
    ethylene carbonate 192.36
    cyrene 172.23
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 210.48
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 159.21
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 168.08
    4-methylpyridine 332.16
    dibutyl ether 116.17
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 99.08
    DEF 217.54
    dimethyl isosorbide 269.48
    tetrachloroethylene 201.15
    eugenol 177.32
    triacetin 178.0
    span 80 165.48
    1,4-butanediol 105.51
    1,1-dichloroethane 265.56
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 130.17
    methyl formate 166.6
    2-methyl-1-butanol 190.65
    n-decane 21.33
    butyronitrile 255.9
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 131.22
    1-chlorooctane 79.31
    1-chlorotetradecane 33.51
    n-nonane 18.4
    undecane 16.17
    tert-butylcyclohexane 21.12
    cyclooctane 13.61
    cyclopentanol 241.65
    tetrahydropyran 463.01
    tert-amyl methyl ether 157.72
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 278.82
    1-hexene 59.71
    2-isopropoxyethanol 194.12
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 62.33
    methyl butyrate 180.97

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Achillea wilhelmsii (Egypt) Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch (A. santolina Auct. Mult.), fam. Asteraceae 0.3%
Achillea wilhelmsii (Turkey) Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch (A. santolina Auct. Mult.), fam. Asteraceae 0.3%
Basil (Comoro Islands) 1 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.12%
Basil (Egypt) 1 (linalool-type) 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Basil (France) 1 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Basil (Madagascar) 1 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Basil (Nigeria) 1 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.04%
Basil (Nigeria) 2 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.65%
Basil (Pakistan) 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.15%
Basil (Vietnam) 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.08%
Basil (Yugoslavia) 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.15%
Blackcurrant bud 1 68606-81-5 Ribes nigrum L., fam. Grossulariaceae 1.0%
Calamus (Italy) root 8015-79-0 Acorus calamus L., fam. Araceae 0.71%
Cedrela odorata Cedrela odorata L., fam. Meliaceae 0.08%
Coleonema pulchellum Coleonema pulchellum Williams (C. pulchrum Hook.), fam. Rutaceae 0.07%
Davana 1 8016-03-3 Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 3.4%
Dragonhead Dracocephalum moldavica L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Eucalyptus citriodora (China) 1 8000-48-4 Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. f., fam. Myrtaceae 0.12%
Eucalyptus cloeziana leaf (Chemotype 1) Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell., fam. Myrtaeceae 1.61%
Hyptis pectinata Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Hyssop (France) 1 8006-83-5 Hyssopus officinalis L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.2%
Hyssop (USA) 8006-83-5 Hyssopus officinalis L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.68%
Lavender (Spain) (var. pyrenaica) Lavandula angustifolia Mill. ssp. pyrenaica, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.4%
Lavandula multifida Lavandula multifida L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.2%
Mentha longifolia (France) 90063-99-3 Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.25%
Pimento (Allspice) 2 8006-77-7 Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. (P. officinalis Lindl.), fam. Myrtaceae 0.2%
Sage, spanish (Spain) 5 8016-65-7 Salvia lavandulaefolia Vahl. ssp. lavandulafolia, fam Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.35%
Sage, spanish (Spain) 6 8016-65-7 Salvia lavandulaefolia Vahl. ssp. vellerea (Chemotype 1), fam. Lamiaceae 0.1%
Sage, spanish (Spain) 7 8016-65-7 Salvia lavandulaefolia Vahl. ssp. vellerea (Chemotype 2), fam. Lamiaceae 0.55%
Sage, spanish (Spain) 8 8016-65-7 Salvia lavandulaefolia Vahl. ssp. blancoana, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.7%
Santolina canescens Santolina rosmarinifolia (L.) ssp. canescens (Lag.) Nyman, fam. Asteraceae 1.8%
Santolina pectina Santolina pectina Lag., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 2.6%
Santolina rosmarinifolia Santolina rosmarinifolia L.ssp.rosmarinifolia, fam.Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.4%
Santolina semidentata Santolina semidentata Hoffmanns. & Link, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 2.4%
Schinus molle 68917-52-2 Schinus molle L., fam. Anarcadiaceae 2.7%
Stevia rebaudiana Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 2.1%
Vassoura (Brazil) 1 Baccharis dracunculifolia DC., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 2.0%
Vitex limonifolia leaf Vitex limonifolia Wall., fam. Verbenaceae 0.95%
Eucalyptus paniculata (Uruguay) Eucalyptus paniculata Sm., fam. Myrtaceae 0.5%
Eucalyptus melliodora (Uruguay) Eucalyptus melliodora Cumn., fam. Myrtaceae 2.4%
Eucalyptus botryoides (Uruguay) Eucalyptus botryoides Sm., fam. Myrtaceae 4.9%
Eucalyptus grandis (Uruguay) Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, fam. Myrtaceae 4.2%
Eucalyptus sideroxylon (Uruguay) Eucalyptus sideroxylon Sm., fam. Myrtaceae 6.2%
Eucalyptus maculata (Uruguay) Eucalyptus maculata Hook., fam. Myrtaceae 1.7%
Eucalyptus pellita (Uruguay) Eucalyptus pellita F. v. Muell., fam. Myrtaceae 1.0%
Eucalyptus longifolia (Uruguay) Eucalyptus longifolia Link & Otto, fam. Myrtaceae 0.5%
Eucalyptus affinis (Uruguay) Eucalyptus affinis Deane & Maiden, fam. Myrtaceae 7.0%
Eucalyptus brassiana Eucalyptus brassiana S.T. Blake, fam. Myrtaceae 0.15%
Micromyrtus striata Micromyrtus striata J.W. Green (M. ciliata (Sm) Druce), fam. Myrtaceae 1.2%
Melittis melissophyllum Melittis melissophylum L., ssp. albida Guss, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.14%
Cinnamomum "Re G—ng" (Vietnam) 1a leaf Cinnamomum species "Re G—ng", fam. Lauraceae 1.3%
Cinnamomum "Re G—ng" (Vietnam) 1b stem Cinnamomum species "Re G—ng", fam. Lauraceae 0.3%
Cinnamomum "Re G—ng" (Vietnam) 1d root Cinnamomum species "Re G—ng", fam. Lauraceae 0.2%
Hexalobus monopetalus leaf Hexalobus monopetalus (A. Rich) Engl., fam. Annonaceae 0.01%
Tagetes lucida Tagetes lucida Cav. ssp. lucida, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.1%
Nepeta cilicia Nepeta cilicia Boiss., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.5%
Teucrium divaricatum (Greece) Teucrium divaricatum Heldr. ssp. divaricatum, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.2%
Cistus (France) 8016-26-0 Cistus ladaniferus L. var. maculatus Dun, fam. Cistaceae 0.5%
Eremocharis triradiata Eremocharis triradiata (Wolff.) Johnston, fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.1%
Stevia achalensis Stevia achalensis Hieronymus, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.5%
Teucrium haenseleri flower Teucrium haenseleri Boiss., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Baccharis crispa Baccharis crispa Spreng., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 3.1%
Baccharis salicifolia (Argentina) Baccharis salicifolia Pers., fam Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.6%
Satureja boliviana (Peru) 2 Satureja boliviana Briq. (Micromeria boliviana Benth.), fam. Lamiaceae 1.3%
Satureja brevicalix (Peru) Satureja brevicalix Epl., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.2%
Pelargonium sidoides Pelargonium sidoides DC., fam. Geraniaceae 0.3%
Pelargonium reniforme Pelargonium reniforme Curt., fam. Geraniaceae 2.4%
Cabore (Brazil) Micrastur ruficolis, fam. Leguminosae (so-called: officially unknown) 0.2%
Hoslundia opposita Hoslundia opposita Vahl., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.2%
Hyptis lanceolata Hyptis lanciolata Poit., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.5%
Hyptis suaveolens (Cameroon) Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.0%
Ocimum gratissimum (Cameroon) 1 Ocimum gratissimum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Piper capense (Cameroon) 1b Piper capense L., fam. Piperaceae 0.05%
Bixa orellana (Cameroon) Bixa orellana L., fam. Bixaceae 0.4%
Tagetes filifolia (Peru) Tagetes filifolia Lag., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.5%
Ocimum gratissimum (Bangladesh) 1b Ocimum gratissimum L., var. clocimum, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Mentha longifolia (Israel) 90063-99-3 Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.5%
Basil (Italy) 4a steamdistillate 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.5%
Basil (Italy) 4b CO2-extract 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.62%
Basil (Italy) 4b extract 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Basil (Benin) 1a 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.09%
Basil (Benin) 1b 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Litsea cubeba (India) 2a stem 68555-99-2 Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. (L. citrata Blume), fam. Lauraceae 0.6%
Origanum husnuca-baserii (Turkey) Origanum husnucan-baserii H. Duman, Z. Aytac et A. Duran, fam. Lamiaceae 2.33%
Camphor (Cuba) 8008-51-3 Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Nees et Ebermaier, fam. Lauraceae 1.1%
Commiphora africana (Benin) Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl. (Heudelotia africana),fam. Burseracea 0.2%
Tessaria absinthioides (Argentina) Tessaria absinthioides (Hook et Arn.) D. Candole, fam. Asteraceae (Comp.) 0.4%
Eupatorium capillifolium (Cuba) Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 2.12%
Eucalyptus citriodora (Bangladesh) 8000-48-4 Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. f., fam. Myrtaceae 0.01%
Citron (Italy) peel 1a Citrus medica L., cultivar Diamante, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Citron (Italy) peel 1b Citrus medica L., cultivar Diamante, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Citron (Italy) peel 1c Citrus medica L., cultivar Diamante, fam. Rutaceae 0.15%
Yuzu (Japan) 4 Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka, fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Teucrium flavum (Greece) 1b leaf Teucrium flavum L. ssp. hellenicum Rech. fil., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 17.9%
Teucrium flavum (Greece) 1a flower Teucrium flavum L. ssp. hellenicum Rech. fil., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.7%
Eucalyptus alba (Burkina Faso) Eucalyptus alba Muell., fam. Myrtaceae 0.5%
Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Burkina Faso) Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn., fam. Myrtaceae 0.6%
Pistacia lentiscus (Spain) 2 whole plant 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anarcadiaceae 1.4%
Aegopodium podagraria Aegodopodium podagraria L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 1.7%
Acinos alpinus oil (Greece) Acinos alpinus (L.) Moench., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 5.0%
Lippia lupulina stalk & leaf (Brazil) Lippia lupulina Cham., fam. Verbenaceae 3.2%
Lippia lupulina flower (Brazil) Lippia lupulina Cham., fam. Verbenaceae 3.5%
Thymus migricus (Turkey) Thymus migricus Klokov et Des.-Shost., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Thymus fedtschenkoi var. handelii (Turkey) Thymus fedtschenkoi var. handelii, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.8%
Cachrys sicula (Spain) Cachrys sicula L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.05%
Astronium urundeuva (Brazil) Astronium urundeuva (Allemao) Engl., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.15%
Astronium fraxinifolium (Brazil) Astronium fraxinifolium Schott., fam. Anacardiaceae 1.2%
Artemisia marschaliana (Iran) Artemisia marschaliana Sprengel, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 9.9%
Murraya koenigii (India) Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng., fam. Rutaceae 1.0%
Croton zambesicus (Cameroon) 1a leaf Croton zambesicus Muell. Arg., fam. Euphorbiaceae 2.6%
Croton zambesicus (Cameroon) 1b root bark Croton zambesicus Muell. Arg., fam. Euphorbiaceae 14.0%
Croton zambesicus (Cameroon) 1c stem bark Croton zambesicus Muell. Arg., fam. Euphorbiaceae 4.2%
Pinus sylvestris (Lithuania) 8023-99-2 Pinus sylvestris L. (Scotch pine), fam. Pinaceae 0.2%
Teucrium arduini (Serbia/Montenegro) Teucrium arduini L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.5%
Teucrium botrys (Serbia/Montenegro) Teucrium botrys L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.6%
Germander, common (Serbia/Montenegro) Teucrium chamaedrys L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.7%
Teucrium flavum (Serbia/Montenegro) Teucrium flavum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Teucrium montanum (Serbia/Montenegro) Teucrium montanum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.1%
Teucrium polium (Serbia/Montenegro) Teucrium polium L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.9%
Teucrium scordium (Serbia/Montenegro) 90131-54-7 Teucrium scordium L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.5%
Piper mikanianum (Brazil) Piper mikanianum (Kunth) Steudel, fasm. Piperaceae 0.5%
Croton jimenezii (Costa Rica) Croton jimenezii Standl. et Valerio, fam. Euphorbiaceae 0.01%
Conyza bonariensis (Brazil) Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 5.0%
Desmos goezeanus leaf (Australia) Desmos goezeanus (F. Muell.) L.W. Jessup, fam. Annonaceae 2.9%
Desmos wardianus leaf (Australia) Desmos wardianus (F.M. Bailey) L.W. Jessup, fam. Annonaceae 1.3%
Myrceugenia alpigena (Brazil) Myrceugenia alpigena (DC.) Landrum, fam. Myrtaceae 3.2%
Myrceugenia miersiana (Brazil) Myrceugenia miersiana (Gardner) D. Legrand et Kausel, fam. Myrtaceae 2.2%
Myrceugenia myrcioides (Brazil) Myrceugenia myrcioides (Cambess.) O. Berg, fam. Myrtaceae 22.8%
Eugenia moraviana (Brazil) Eugenia moraviana O. Berg, fam. Myrtaceae 0.7%
Eugenia klappenbachiana (Brazil) Eugenia klappenbachiana Mattos et D. Legrand, fam. Myrtaceae 5.9%
Eugenia repanda (Brazil) Eugenia repanda O. Berg, fam. Myrtaceae 0.7%
Coespeletia moritziana leaf (Venezuela) Coespeletia moritziana (Sch. Bip. ex Wedd.) Cuatr., fam. Asteraceae 0.5%
Coespeletia spicata leaf (Venezuela) Coespeletia spicata (Sch. Bip. ex Wedd.) Cuatr., fam. Asteraceae 0.4%
Coespeletia thyrsiformis leaf (Venezuela) Coespeletia thyrsiformis (A.C. Smith) Cuatr., fam. Asteraceae 0.05%
Philodendron imbe root (Brazil) Plidodendron imbe Schott, fam. Araceae 14.2%
Eugenia burkartiana leaf (Brazil) Eugenia burkartiana D. Legrand, fam. Myrtaceae 1.5%
Eugenia bacopari leaf (Brazil) Eugenia bacopari D. Legrand, fam. Myrtaceae 1.8%
Philodendron acutatum root Philodendron acutatum Schott, fam. Araceae 0.4%
Hyptis floribunda (Argentina) Hyptis floribunda Briq. ex Micheli, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.7%
Neolitsea dealbata leaf (Australia) Neolitsea dealbata (R. Br.) Merr., fam. Lauraceae 11.5%
Aniba riparia (Brazil) 1a leaf Aniba riparia (Nees) Mez, fam. Lauraceae 3.8%
Pichana (Broom) (Argentina) Baccharis spartioides (Hook. et Arn.) Remy, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.7%
Aniba riparia (Brazil) 1d trunk wood Aniba riparia (Nees) Mez, fam. Lauraceae 0.8%
Polylepis besseri (Bolivia) Polylepis besseri Hieron. ssp. besseri, fam. Rosaceae 1.2%
Salvia aucheri (Turkey) 1a var. aucheri Salvia aucheri Benth. var. aucheri, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 6.3%
Salvia aucheri (Turkey) 1b var. canenscens Salvia aucheri Benth. var. canenscens, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 4.3%
Thymus x oblongifolius (Lithuania) Thymus x oblongifolius Opiz, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.0%
Artemisia variabilis (Italy) Artemisia variabilis Ten., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.5%
Artemisia campestris, ssp. glutinosa (Italy) Artemisia campestris L. ssp. glutinosa (Ten.) Briq. et Cavill., Asteraceae 3.0%
Cinnamomum oliveri leaf (Australia) Cinnamomum oliveri F.M. Bailey, fam. Lauraceae 0.95%