Butyric Acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    107-92-6

    Molecular formula
    C4H8O2

    SMILES
    CCCC(=O)O

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 820.0
    • Carbowax: 1618.43

  • Odor profile

    Fruity 86.22%
    Cheesy 82.78%
    Sour 72.08%
    Dairy 53.93%
    Sharp 52.93%
    Sweaty 52.88%
    Pungent 50.94%
    Buttery 49.48%
    Milky 39.93%
    Caramellic 39.54%

    Scent© AI

    Odor threshold>

    • 0.001 mg/cu m (Odor low) 9 mg/cu m (Odor high)

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.8

    Molecular weight
    88.11 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Fast

    Melting point expt.

    • 17.8 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • -5.7 °C
    • -7.9 °C

    Boiling point

    • 326.3 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • 163.7 °C
    • 163.5 °C
    • 164 °C

    Flash point est.
    68.39 ˚C

    Flash point expt.

    • 170 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 72 °C
    • 161 °F (72 °C) (Closed cup)
    • 72 °C c.c.

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 60000 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • Miscible with ethanol, ether; slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride
    • In water, 6.00X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C
    • 60.0 mg/mL
    • Solubility in water: miscible
    • miscible with alcohol, most fixed oils, propylene glycol, water

  • Synonyms

    • butyric acid
    • butanoic acid
    • 107-92-6
    • n-Butyric acid
    • n-Butanoic acid
    • propylformic acid
    • ethylacetic acid
    • 1-propanecarboxylic acid
    • butyrate
    • Butanic acid
    • 1-Butyric acid
    • Buttersaeure
    • butanoate
    • Butyric acid (natural)
    • Kyselina maselna
    • FEMA No. 2221
    • Propanecarboxylic acid
    • 1-butanoic acid
    • acide butyrique
    • butoic acid
    • Buttersaeure [German]
    • Butyricum acidum
    • FEMA Number 2221
    • CCRIS 6552
    • HSDB 940
    • Kyselina maselna [Czech]
    • NSC 8415
    • fattyacids
    • MFCD00002814
    • acide butanoique
    • 2-butanoate
    • NORMAL BUTYRIC ACID
    • AI3-15306
    • NSC-8415
    • EINECS 203-532-3
    • UNII-40UIR9Q29H
    • UN2820
    • BRN 0906770
    • 40UIR9Q29H
    • C4:0
    • DTXSID8021515
    • CHEBI:30772
    • Acid, Butanoic
    • NSC8415
    • BUTYRIC ACID (D8)
    • CH3-[CH2]2-COOH
    • DTXCID401515
    • EC 203-532-3
    • butanate
    • 4-02-00-00779 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • n-butanoate
    • 1-butanoate
    • propanecarboxylate
    • 1-butyrate
    • Butyric acid [UN2820] [Corrosive]
    • Sodium n-butyrate
    • 1-propanecarboxylate
    • BUA
    • CH3-(CH2)2-COOH
    • Butyric Acid (Normal)
    • Acid, Butyric
    • CAS-107-92-6
    • sodium-butyrate
    • Honey robber
    • Tetranoic Acid
    • ethyl acetic acid
    • 1ugp
    • 3umq
    • butanoic acid, 4
    • TNFa + NaBut
    • 715 - Chocolate
    • Butyrate, sodium salt
    • Butyric acid [UN2820] [Corrosive]
    • BUTYRIC_ACID
    • n-C3H7COOH
    • TNFa + Sodium Butyrate
    • Butyric acid, >=99%
    • bmse000402
    • BUTYRIC ACID [MI]
    • NCIMech_000707
    • BUTYRIC ACID [FCC]
    • WLN: QV3
    • BUTYRIC ACID [HSDB]
    • BUTYRIC ACID [VANDF]
    • CHEMBL14227
    • BUTYRIC ACID [WHO-DD]
    • Butyric acid, >=99%, FG
    • N-BUTYRIC ACID [FHFI]
    • GTPL1059
    • BUTYRICUM ACIDUM [HPUS]
    • BDBM26109
    • Butyric acid, analytical standard
    • Bio1_000444
    • Bio1_000933
    • Bio1_001422
    • STR06290
    • Tox21_202382
    • Tox21_300164
    • CCG-35836
    • FA 4:0
    • LMFA01010004
    • STL169349
    • AKOS000118961
    • MSK1702-1000W
    • DB03568
    • UN 2820
    • NCGC00247914-01
    • NCGC00247914-02
    • NCGC00247914-05
    • NCGC00253919-01
    • NCGC00259931-01
    • BP-21420
    • FB159569
    • NCI60_001424
    • Butyric acid, natural, >=99%, FCC, FG
    • DB-318878
    • B0754
    • Butyric acid Solution in Water, 1000ug/mL
    • NS00001284
    • Butyric acid 1000 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
    • Butyric acid, SAJ special grade, >=99.5%
    • EN300-21334
    • C00246
    • Q193213
    • BRD-K05878375-236-02-4
    • BRD-K05878375-236-05-7
    • BRD-K05878375-236-06-5
    • 9B27B3D0-9643-40EC-9A5F-7CA1A6ED7F9F

  • Applications

    Butyric acid (butanoic acid, CAS 107-92-6) is a short-chain fatty acid with a strong buttery odor whose versatility spans flavour and fragrance formulations (butter, cheese, yogurt, fruit, confectionery, beverage enhancers), production of butyrate esters for perfumes, coatings, inks, cellulose acetate butyrate, plasticizers and specialty resins, preservation and acidification of animal feed and silage to support gut health, precursor for pharmaceuticals (sodium/ethyl butyrate for gastrointestinal disorders, pro-drug and antibiotic synthesis), histone-deacetylase-inhibiting reagent in molecular biology, extraction solvent, organic intermediate for pesticides, dyes, leather tanning, adhesives, as well as an additive that accelerates biodegradation in wastewater treatment and biopolymer processes.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 843.01
    methanol 1356.76
    isopropanol 544.36
    water 187.01
    ethyl acetate 297.26
    n-propanol 552.01
    acetone 483.14
    n-butanol 423.06
    acetonitrile 263.34
    DMF 1091.72
    toluene 13.49
    isobutanol 343.51
    1,4-dioxane 461.68
    methyl acetate 218.6
    THF 753.96
    2-butanone 228.53
    n-pentanol 288.85
    sec-butanol 346.05
    n-hexane 20.82
    ethylene glycol 543.61
    NMP 890.54
    cyclohexane 11.21
    DMSO 1055.81
    n-butyl acetate 167.7
    n-octanol 161.3
    chloroform 83.98
    n-propyl acetate 147.52
    acetic acid 1668.86
    dichloromethane 94.55
    cyclohexanone 359.18
    propylene glycol 510.39
    isopropyl acetate 169.34
    DMAc 430.83
    2-ethoxyethanol 460.57
    isopentanol 306.83
    n-heptane 13.99
    ethyl formate 258.4
    1,2-dichloroethane 97.15
    n-hexanol 288.42
    2-methoxyethanol 923.37
    isobutyl acetate 76.6
    tetrachloromethane 14.51
    n-pentyl acetate 134.93
    transcutol 1018.36
    n-heptanol 134.75
    ethylbenzene 15.98
    MIBK 162.49
    2-propoxyethanol 515.52
    tert-butanol 619.41
    MTBE 140.82
    2-butoxyethanol 253.55
    propionic acid 687.93
    o-xylene 20.35
    formic acid 1001.99
    diethyl ether 125.67
    m-xylene 23.21
    p-xylene 21.82
    chlorobenzene 42.25
    dimethyl carbonate 86.38
    n-octane 6.51
    formamide 812.38
    cyclopentanone 551.43
    2-pentanone 268.94
    anisole 75.71
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 245.64
    gamma-butyrolactone 845.18
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 665.11
    pyridine 129.94
    3-pentanone 136.12
    furfural 526.25
    n-dodecane 7.19
    diethylene glycol 486.8
    diisopropyl ether 48.13
    tert-amyl alcohol 360.52
    acetylacetone 323.36
    n-hexadecane 7.7
    acetophenone 97.32
    methyl propionate 244.45
    isopentyl acetate 130.23
    trichloroethylene 158.71
    n-nonanol 128.8
    cyclohexanol 275.5
    benzyl alcohol 107.7
    2-ethylhexanol 124.15
    isooctanol 97.1
    dipropyl ether 91.46
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 51.29
    ethyl lactate 116.94
    propylene carbonate 371.75
    n-methylformamide 707.39
    2-pentanol 272.71
    n-pentane 14.16
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 364.56
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 199.38
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 230.73
    mesitylene 21.63
    ε-caprolactone 416.1
    p-cymene 22.73
    epichlorohydrin 459.97
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 52.44
    2-aminoethanol 690.82
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 744.09
    sulfolane 959.94
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 10.57
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 465.44
    n-hexyl acetate 231.97
    isooctane 10.16
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 409.03
    sec-butyl acetate 83.07
    tert-butyl acetate 185.93
    decalin 10.02
    glycerin 657.52
    diglyme 453.28
    acrylic acid 650.41
    isopropyl myristate 80.37
    n-butyric acid 657.6
    acetyl acetate 174.34
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 91.17
    ethyl propionate 136.17
    nitromethane 1381.01
    1,2-diethoxyethane 174.59
    benzonitrile 105.31
    trioctyl phosphate 77.56
    1-bromopropane 40.87
    gamma-valerolactone 787.08
    n-decanol 95.54
    triethyl phosphate 47.97
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 148.26
    propionitrile 167.88
    vinylene carbonate 284.44
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 370.89
    DMS 137.61
    cumene 20.35
    2-octanol 98.69
    2-hexanone 149.95
    octyl acetate 121.75
    limonene 38.2
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 427.57
    ethyl orthosilicate 45.08
    tributyl phosphate 93.23
    diacetone alcohol 377.85
    N,N-dimethylaniline 62.56
    acrylonitrile 238.22
    aniline 75.38
    1,3-propanediol 742.19
    bromobenzene 27.06
    dibromomethane 56.86
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 141.67
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 88.21
    tetrabutyl urea 124.38
    diisobutyl methanol 68.36
    2-phenylethanol 115.65
    styrene 17.89
    dioctyl adipate 115.11
    dimethyl sulfate 176.86
    ethyl butyrate 99.03
    methyl lactate 228.58
    butyl lactate 152.65
    diethyl carbonate 55.64
    propanediol butyl ether 359.44
    triethyl orthoformate 65.07
    p-tert-butyltoluene 24.26
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 143.5
    morpholine 595.33
    tert-butylamine 249.98
    n-dodecanol 72.41
    dimethoxymethane 361.38
    ethylene carbonate 233.62
    cyrene 199.6
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 180.79
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 86.35
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 66.63
    4-methylpyridine 131.13
    dibutyl ether 89.81
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 68.36
    DEF 338.47
    dimethyl isosorbide 337.74
    tetrachloroethylene 95.44
    eugenol 167.82
    triacetin 186.62
    span 80 273.42
    1,4-butanediol 305.94
    1,1-dichloroethane 60.58
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 206.95
    methyl formate 470.54
    2-methyl-1-butanol 258.23
    n-decane 10.89
    butyronitrile 171.27
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 129.27
    1-chlorooctane 44.43
    1-chlorotetradecane 19.99
    n-nonane 10.33
    undecane 8.66
    tert-butylcyclohexane 13.02
    cyclooctane 5.01
    cyclopentanol 471.1
    tetrahydropyran 273.91
    tert-amyl methyl ether 113.83
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 380.81
    1-hexene 54.87
    2-isopropoxyethanol 276.43
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 446.87
    methyl butyrate 186.14

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Narcissus poeticus absolute 8023-75-4 Narcissus poeticus L., fam. Amaryllidaceae 0.1%
Coriander fruit (Finland) 4 8008-52-4 Coriandrum sativum L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.6%
Zanthoxylum bungeanum (China) Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim., fam. Rutaceae 0.1%
Zizyphus jujuba fruit (Malaysia) Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis, fam. Rhamnaceae 0.39%
Spearmint, scotch (Japan) Mentha gracilis Sole, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.18%
Genipap fruit (Brazil) Genipa americana L., fam. Rubiaceae 2.1%
Carob bean powder 2a raw 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 9.8%
Carob bean powder 2b roasted 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 1.8%
Banana passa headspace extract (Brazil) 89957-82-4 Musa cavendishii cultivar nanica, fam. Musaceae 0.05%
Mango (Cameroon) headspace of ripe fruit 90063-86-0 Mangifera indica L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.01%
Papaya (Cameroon) headspace of ripe fruit Carica papaya L., 0.05%
Lavender (France) 8 8000-28-0 Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (L. officinalis Chaix), fam. Lamiaceae 0.01%
Lavender (Ukraine) 8000-28-0 Lavandula angustifolia Mill., (L. officinalis Chaix), fam. Lamiaceae 0.01%
Lavender (Moldova) 8000-28-0 Lavandula angustifolia Mill., (L. officinalis Chaix), fam. Lamiaceae 0.01%