Perillaldehyde

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    2111-75-3

    Molecular formula
    C10H14O

    SMILES
    CC(=C)C1CCC(=CC1)C=O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 1281.0
    • Carbowax: 1787.29

  • Odor profile

    Herbal 77.21%
    Green 76.14%
    Spicy 71.71%
    Sweet 63.47%
    Mint 61.19%
    Citrus 58.9%
    Fatty 58.46%
    Fruity 56.0%
    Fresh 48.85%
    Aldehydic 43.71%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    2.6

    pKa est.
    8.53 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    150.22 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderate

    Melting point expt.

    • < 25 °C

    Boiling point

    • 238.00 to 240.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

    Flash point est.
    92.55 ˚C

    Solubility expt.

    • Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohols and oils
    • Miscible at room temperature (in ethanol)

  • Synonyms

    • PERILLALDEHYDE
    • Perillyl aldehyde
    • 2111-75-3
    • Perilla aldehyde
    • Perillal
    • Perillic aldehyde
    • P-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-al
    • Dihydrocuminyl aldehyde
    • 1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 4-(1-methylethenyl)-
    • Perillylaldehyde
    • 4-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene-1-carbaldehyde
    • dl-perillaldehyde
    • para-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-al
    • FEMA No. 3557
    • 4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde
    • (+/-)-PERILLALDEHYDE
    • 1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 4-isopropenyl-
    • 6EQL0XA86G
    • p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-al (natural)
    • NSC 138642
    • 4-Isopropenylcyclohex-1-enecarbaldehyde
    • CCRIS 9128
    • CHEBI:15421
    • EINECS 218-302-8
    • 1,8-p-Menthadien-7-al
    • NSC-138642
    • PERILLALDEHYDE [MI]
    • 4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde
    • 4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde
    • 4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carbaldehyde
    • CHEMBL469537
    • DTXSID6051855
    • DL-perillaldehyde(for perfumery)
    • P-MENTHA-1,8-DIEN-7-AL [FHFI]
    • 4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-enecarbaldehyde
    • 4-ISOPROPENYL-1-CYCLOHEXENECARBOXALDEHYDE
    • 4-(1-methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene1-carboxyaldehyde
    • 4-(2-PROPENYL)-1-CYCLOHEXENECARBOXALDEHYDE
    • 4-(1-METHYLETHENYLPRO)-1-CYCLOHEXENE-1-CARBOXALDEHYDE
    • (S)-(-)-Perillaldehyde; (S)-(-)-Perillic aldehyde; (S)-Perillaldehyde; l-Perillaldehyde
    • 4-mentha-1,8-dien-7-al
    • MFCD00001543
    • 4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde; (+/-)-Perillaldehyde; DL-Perillaldehyde
    • dextro-perillaldehyde
    • UNII-6EQL0XA86G
    • PERILLALDEHYDE [INCI]
    • SCHEMBL221797
    • DTXCID9030412
    • BDBM50276351
    • MFCD00062990
    • NSC138642
    • AKOS015900800
    • FP61740
    • LMPR0102090010
    • SY057816
    • DB-057847
    • DB-065317
    • ( inverted exclamation markA)-Perillaldehyde
    • CS-0797900
    • NS00013108
    • P0866
    • 4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carbaldehyde #
    • C02576
    • EN300-658599
    • (-)-4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde
    • Q3117895
    • 0659C8EF-4608-42BD-9B0A-BB8B719E80F6

  • Applications

    Perillaldehyde (CAS 2111-75-3) is a monoterpene aldehyde with a distinctive herbal–minty, slightly spicy citrus odor typical of perilla leaf, widely used as a flavor and fragrance ingredient and as a synthetic intermediate: in perfumery and personal care (soaps, shampoos, body washes, lotions) to build fresh green–citrus top notes, in food flavorings for confectionery, chewing gum, beverages, baked goods, seasonings, and perilla-inspired profiles; in household care products such as air fresheners, deodorizers, and cleaners to impart a clean, cool freshness; as a building block for monoterpene derivatives (e.g., perillyl alcohol) and notably as the precursor to perillartine (the oxime of perillaldehyde, a high-intensity sweetener used in certain markets); it is also actively explored in natural-preservation systems, antimicrobial/antifungal formulations, insect-repellent concepts, and bio-based post-harvest treatments; due to its high odor potency it is dosed at low levels, and because it is sensitive to oxygen and light it is typically stored cool and protected from light, often under inert gas and/or with antioxidants.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 627.87
    methanol 620.94
    isopropanol 406.74
    water 0.58
    ethyl acetate 1217.88
    n-propanol 534.02
    acetone 959.99
    n-butanol 502.66
    acetonitrile 887.04
    DMF 982.82
    toluene 692.85
    isobutanol 333.03
    1,4-dioxane 1447.7
    methyl acetate 907.16
    THF 1434.72
    2-butanone 1039.6
    n-pentanol 303.35
    sec-butanol 382.74
    n-hexane 48.06
    ethylene glycol 109.65
    NMP 1056.28
    cyclohexane 76.46
    DMSO 1290.32
    n-butyl acetate 744.22
    n-octanol 97.76
    chloroform 2133.18
    n-propyl acetate 579.91
    acetic acid 634.36
    dichloromethane 1939.99
    cyclohexanone 1132.39
    propylene glycol 172.71
    isopropyl acetate 597.83
    DMAc 790.28
    2-ethoxyethanol 589.9
    isopentanol 447.2
    n-heptane 21.95
    ethyl formate 529.65
    1,2-dichloroethane 1439.34
    n-hexanol 327.14
    2-methoxyethanol 928.23
    isobutyl acetate 276.05
    tetrachloromethane 386.06
    n-pentyl acetate 276.94
    transcutol 4069.55
    n-heptanol 119.26
    ethylbenzene 263.08
    MIBK 434.87
    2-propoxyethanol 668.44
    tert-butanol 527.72
    MTBE 618.98
    2-butoxyethanol 336.35
    propionic acid 520.07
    o-xylene 333.74
    formic acid 338.79
    diethyl ether 841.99
    m-xylene 383.72
    p-xylene 294.48
    chlorobenzene 875.75
    dimethyl carbonate 315.36
    n-octane 5.56
    formamide 714.65
    cyclopentanone 1211.08
    2-pentanone 799.96
    anisole 717.68
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 816.01
    gamma-butyrolactone 1414.21
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 669.92
    pyridine 1619.02
    3-pentanone 633.67
    furfural 1521.3
    n-dodecane 3.11
    diethylene glycol 460.07
    diisopropyl ether 205.86
    tert-amyl alcohol 471.32
    acetylacetone 887.39
    n-hexadecane 3.96
    acetophenone 559.1
    methyl propionate 778.32
    isopentyl acetate 575.48
    trichloroethylene 2839.38
    n-nonanol 85.78
    cyclohexanol 436.43
    benzyl alcohol 472.07
    2-ethylhexanol 200.28
    isooctanol 100.72
    dipropyl ether 285.51
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 762.0
    ethyl lactate 190.98
    propylene carbonate 722.82
    n-methylformamide 785.15
    2-pentanol 325.4
    n-pentane 45.52
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 505.73
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 795.13
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 453.18
    mesitylene 204.37
    ε-caprolactone 1030.33
    p-cymene 132.09
    epichlorohydrin 2030.34
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 1312.67
    2-aminoethanol 293.17
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 1194.19
    sulfolane 1329.79
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 25.7
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 1251.15
    n-hexyl acetate 350.21
    isooctane 24.81
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 654.97
    sec-butyl acetate 394.82
    tert-butyl acetate 601.83
    decalin 42.21
    glycerin 255.51
    diglyme 1380.16
    acrylic acid 460.06
    isopropyl myristate 107.88
    n-butyric acid 768.87
    acetyl acetate 552.59
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 140.71
    ethyl propionate 496.95
    nitromethane 1445.28
    1,2-diethoxyethane 1004.71
    benzonitrile 714.75
    trioctyl phosphate 77.06
    1-bromopropane 640.21
    gamma-valerolactone 1570.17
    n-decanol 57.41
    triethyl phosphate 174.58
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 195.82
    propionitrile 587.69
    vinylene carbonate 674.75
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 1133.36
    DMS 438.03
    cumene 141.01
    2-octanol 66.97
    2-hexanone 588.48
    octyl acetate 139.0
    limonene 171.46
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 969.08
    ethyl orthosilicate 181.39
    tributyl phosphate 130.57
    diacetone alcohol 604.57
    N,N-dimethylaniline 346.92
    acrylonitrile 813.67
    aniline 907.91
    1,3-propanediol 443.75
    bromobenzene 860.13
    dibromomethane 1203.81
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 2003.53
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 285.51
    tetrabutyl urea 140.74
    diisobutyl methanol 131.28
    2-phenylethanol 460.44
    styrene 403.64
    dioctyl adipate 205.86
    dimethyl sulfate 467.91
    ethyl butyrate 468.5
    methyl lactate 284.57
    butyl lactate 237.92
    diethyl carbonate 303.28
    propanediol butyl ether 338.52
    triethyl orthoformate 314.51
    p-tert-butyltoluene 127.85
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 311.17
    morpholine 1719.02
    tert-butylamine 322.14
    n-dodecanol 38.72
    dimethoxymethane 706.88
    ethylene carbonate 527.78
    cyrene 347.53
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 574.96
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 448.09
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 952.47
    4-methylpyridine 1484.52
    dibutyl ether 194.67
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 131.28
    DEF 902.08
    dimethyl isosorbide 764.62
    tetrachloroethylene 1399.6
    eugenol 314.53
    triacetin 404.7
    span 80 314.13
    1,4-butanediol 142.55
    1,1-dichloroethane 1246.56
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 315.8
    methyl formate 520.99
    2-methyl-1-butanol 386.86
    n-decane 6.73
    butyronitrile 603.31
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 154.56
    1-chlorooctane 65.12
    1-chlorotetradecane 18.16
    n-nonane 6.63
    undecane 4.37
    tert-butylcyclohexane 38.82
    cyclooctane 25.8
    cyclopentanol 387.86
    tetrahydropyran 1220.72
    tert-amyl methyl ether 439.2
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 819.15
    1-hexene 193.54
    2-isopropoxyethanol 376.31
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 231.09
    methyl butyrate 633.46

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
Restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 0.054 % Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 0.61 %
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 0.016 % Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 0.61 %
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 0.32 % Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 0.032 %
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 0.3 % Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 0.59 %
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 0.076 % Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 2.1 %
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 0.076 % Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 2.1 %
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 0.076 % Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 1.2 %
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 0.076 % Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 1.2 %
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 0.18 % Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Armoise flower 8008-93-3 Artemisia vulgaris L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.12%
Balsamite/Costmary Chrysanthemum balsamita L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.43%
Bergamot (Italy) 3 8007-75-8 Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Lemon (Spain) 7 84929-31-7 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Carrot seed (France) 1 8015-88-1 Daucus carota L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.14%
Mandarin (Spain) 1 8008-31-9 Citrus deliciosa Tenore (C. reticulata Blanco, cv.mandarin), fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Grapefruit (Israel) 2 8016-20-4 Citrus paradisi Macfayden, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Grapefruit (Israel) 1 8016-20-4 Citrus paradisi Macfayden, fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Lemon (Italy-Sicily) 7 84929-31-7 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., fam. Rutaceae 0.05%
Lemon (Israel) 84929-31-7 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Mandarin (Italy) 2 8008-31-9 Citrus deliciosa Tenore (C. reticulata Blanco, cv.mandarin), fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Satsuma mandarin peel 1 Citrus unshiu Marcovitch, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, bitter (Spain) 1 72968-50-4 Citrus aurantium L., ssp. amara Engl., fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, bitter (Spain) 2 72968-50-4 Citrus aurantium L., ssp. amara Engl., fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (USA-Florida) 1 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Midseason, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (USA-Florida) 4 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Valencia late, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (Israel) 1 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (Israel) 2 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Shamouti, fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Orange, sweet (Italy) 2 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Valencia late, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (Spain) 1 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Valencia late, fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Sideritis granatensis Sideritis granatensis (Pau) Rivas-Goday, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Tangerine (Brazil) 1 8008-31-9 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Dancy, fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Tangerine (Mexico) 8008-31-9 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Dancy, fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Tangerine (USA-California) 8008-31-9 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Dancy, fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Tangerine (USA-Florida) 1 8008-31-9 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Dancy, fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Wormwood (Mugwort) (Spain) 1 8008-93-3 Artemisia absinthium L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.2%
Yuzu (Japan) 1 Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (USA-Florida) 6 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Valencia late, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Acinos suaveolens (Turkey) Acinos suaveolens (Sibt. et Smith) G. Don f., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.11%
Lemon (USA-California) 84929-31-7 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Lemon (Italy-Sicily) 8 84929-31-7 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Etrog, peel Citrus medica L., cultivar ethrog Engl., fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Swangi (Citrus hystrix) peel (Thailand) 2d Citrus hystrix DC (Swangi), fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Mandarin (Italy) 4 8008-31-9 Citrus deliciosa Tenore (C. reticulata Blanco, cv.mandarin), fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Pistacia lentiscus (Spain) 1a leaf 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (USA-Florida) 7 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Valencia late, fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Orange, sweet (Italy) 3 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Valencia late, fam. Rutaceae 0.04%
Orange, sweet (Spain) 2 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Navel, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, sweet (Spain) 3 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Sanguine, fam. Rutaceae 0.04%
Orange, sweet (Taiwan) 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Tankan, fam. Rutaceae 0.05%
Orange, sweet (USA) 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Orange, sweet (Mexico) 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Orange, sweet (Italy) 4 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Orange, sweet, deterpenized 8008-57-9 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, fam. Rutaceae 1.1%
Cumin (India) 1 8014-30-9 Cuminum cyminum L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 1.12%
Tangerine (USA-Florida) 2 8008-31-9 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Dancy, fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Lemon (Japan) 2 84929-31-7 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., fam. Rutaceae 0.15%
Caraway seed (The Netherlands) 2 8000-42-8 Carum carvi L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.14%
Grapefruit (Japan) 1 8016-20-4 Citrus paradisi Macfayden, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Orange, bitter 1 72968-50-4 Citrus aurantium L., ssp. amara Engl., fam. Rutaceae 0.21%