Acetic Acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    64-19-7

    Molecular formula
    C2H4O2

    SMILES
    CC(=O)O

    Safety labels

    Flammable
    Flammable

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • Carbowax: 1435.0

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Sour 68.08%
    Sharp 57.49%
    Pungent 55.59%
    Odorless 46.14%
    Cheesy 39.7%
    Dairy 30.78%
    Burnt 30.77%
    Milky 29.49%
    Sweaty 29.2%
    Caramellic 25.8%

     

    Flavor
    Pungent 57.23%
    Vinegar 56.69%
    Sharp 49.61%
    Sour 48.79%
    Odorless 41.69%
    Acidic 37.21%
    Rancid 35.91%
    Formyl 25.16%
    Soy 25.1%
    Mousy 24.53%

     

    Odor impact est.
    High

    Odor threshold

    • Odor Threshold Low: 0.03 [mmHg]. Odor Threshold High: 0.15 [mmHg]. Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 0.074 ppm)
    • Odor Threshold Range: 0.21 to 1.0 ppm
    • Detection in air is 24.3 ppm (chemically pure)
    • Odor low: 2.5 mg/cu m; Odor high: 2,500 mg/cu m.

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -0.2

    pKa est.
    9.57 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    60.05 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra fast

    Melting point expt.

    • 61.9 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 16.6 °C
    • 16.635 °C
    • 16.7 °C
    • 62 °F

    Boiling point

    • 244 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • 117.9 °C
    • 118 °C
    • 244 °F

    Flash point

    • 47.39 ˚C est.
    • 104 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • The Guide from the Emergency Response Guidebook is for "acetic acid, glacial." 39 °C
    • 103 °F (39 °C) Closed cup
    • 112 °F (open cup); 104 °F (closed cup)
    • 39 °C c.c.
    • 103 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 73 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 1000000 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • Miscible with water
    • Miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, benzene; soluble in carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide
    • Miscible with glycerol; insoluble in carbon disulfide
    • 1000.0 mg/mL
    • Solubility in water: miscible
    • miscible with water, alcohol, and glycerrin
    • Miscible

  • Synonyms

    • acetic acid
    • ethanoic acid
    • 64-19-7
    • Acetic acid glacial
    • Ethylic acid
    • Vinegar acid
    • Acetic acid, glacial
    • Glacial acetic acid
    • Methanecarboxylic acid
    • Essigsaeure
    • Acide acetique
    • Pyroligneous acid
    • Vinegar
    • Azijnzuur
    • Aceticum acidum
    • Acido acetico
    • Octowy kwas
    • Aci-jel
    • HOAc
    • ethoic acid
    • Kyselina octova
    • Orthoacetic acid
    • AcOH
    • Azijnzuur [Dutch]
    • Ethanoic acid monomer
    • Acetic
    • Essigsaeure [German]
    • Caswell No. 003
    • Otic Tridesilon
    • Octowy kwas [Polish]
    • Acetic acid (natural)
    • Acide acetique [French]
    • Acido acetico [Italian]
    • FEMA No. 2006
    • Kyselina octova [Czech]
    • MeCOOH
    • Acetic acid-17O2
    • Otic Domeboro
    • Acidum aceticum glaciale
    • Acidum aceticum
    • CH3-COOH
    • acetic acid-
    • CH3CO2H
    • UN2789
    • UN2790
    • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 044001
    • NSC 132953
    • NSC-132953
    • NSC-406306
    • BRN 0506007
    • Acetic acid, diluted
    • INS NO.260
    • Acetic acid [JAN]
    • DTXSID5024394
    • MeCO2H
    • CHEBI:15366
    • AI3-02394
    • CH3COOH
    • INS-260
    • Q40Q9N063P
    • E-260
    • MFCD00036152
    • 10.Methanecarboxylic acid
    • CHEMBL539
    • NSC-111201
    • NSC-112209
    • NSC-115870
    • NSC-127175
    • Acetic acid-2-13C,d4
    • INS No. 260
    • DTXCID304394
    • E 260
    • Acetic-13C2 acid (8CI,9CI)
    • Ethanoat
    • Shotgun
    • Acetic acid, of a concentration of more than 10 per cent, by weight, of acetic acid
    • C2:0
    • acetyl alcohol
    • Orlex
    • Vosol
    • WLN: QV1
    • ACETIC ACID (MART.)
    • ACETIC ACID [MART.]
    • Acetic acid, >=99.7%
    • aceticacid
    • FEMA Number 2006
    • ACETIC-13C2-2-D3 ACID, 97 ATOM % 13C, 97 ATOM % D
    • Acetic acid, ACS reagent, >=99.7%
    • ACY
    • HSDB 40
    • CCRIS 5952
    • methane carboxylic acid
    • EINECS 200-580-7
    • Acetic acid 0.25% in plastic container
    • Essigsaure
    • Ethylate
    • acetic aicd
    • acetic-acid
    • Glacial acetate
    • acetic cid
    • actic acid
    • UNII-Q40Q9N063P
    • acetic -acid
    • Distilled vinegar
    • Methanecarboxylate
    • Acetic acid, glacial [USP:JAN]
    • Acetic acid,glacial
    • Carboxymethyl radical
    • Acetic acid, p.a.
    • Vinegar (Salt/Mix)
    • HOOCCH3
    • Acetic acid LC/MS Grade
    • ACETIC ACID [II]
    • ACETIC ACID [MI]
    • Acetic acid, ACS reagent
    • bmse000191
    • bmse000817
    • bmse000857
    • Otic Domeboro (Salt/Mix)
    • ACETIC-1-13C-2-D3 ACID-1 H (D)
    • EC 200-580-7
    • Acetic acid (JP18/NF)
    • ACETIC ACID [FHFI]
    • Acetic Acid [for LC-MS]
    • Acetic Acid-13C2, D3
    • ACETIC ACID [VANDF]
    • NCIOpen2_000659
    • NCIOpen2_000682

  • Applications

    Acetic Acid (CAS 64-19-7) is a versatile industrial chemical used as a solvent and a reactive intermediate in chemical synthesis; it is a key feedstock for vinyl acetate monomer production and subsequent polymers such as polyvinyl acetate and related adhesives. It serves as a building block for ester synthesis (for example ethyl acetate and other acetates) that are widely used as solvents in coatings, inks, and formulations. In food processing, it underpins vinegar production and is used as an acidity regulator and preservative in various products. It also finds use in cleaning and descaling applications as a mild acid for mineral deposit removal, and in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations as a solvent, pH adjuster, and synthesis intermediate, subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 315.87
    methanol 669.41
    isopropanol 200.77
    water 3231.57
    ethyl acetate 46.15
    n-propanol 162.38
    acetone 218.74
    n-butanol 104.17
    acetonitrile 123.75
    DMF 963.22
    toluene 5.67
    isobutanol 97.12
    1,4-dioxane 158.45
    methyl acetate 87.17
    THF 171.54
    2-butanone 76.53
    n-pentanol 67.7
    sec-butanol 98.45
    n-hexane 5.08
    ethylene glycol 621.18
    NMP 331.42
    cyclohexane 2.65
    DMSO 376.04
    n-butyl acetate 21.64
    n-octanol 34.09
    chloroform 14.61
    n-propyl acetate 35.66
    acetic acid 354.23
    dichloromethane 18.98
    cyclohexanone 56.02
    propylene glycol 445.24
    isopropyl acetate 28.22
    DMAc 575.52
    2-ethoxyethanol 269.33
    isopentanol 67.45
    n-heptane 3.79
    ethyl formate 100.7
    1,2-dichloroethane 16.4
    n-hexanol 41.97
    2-methoxyethanol 528.43
    isobutyl acetate 22.95
    tetrachloromethane 6.94
    n-pentyl acetate 21.18
    transcutol 219.9
    n-heptanol 30.78
    ethylbenzene 4.89
    MIBK 31.57
    2-propoxyethanol 179.02
    tert-butanol 171.38
    MTBE 47.35
    2-butoxyethanol 100.18
    propionic acid 169.69
    o-xylene 8.25
    formic acid 695.4
    diethyl ether 40.97
    m-xylene 7.2
    p-xylene 6.91
    chlorobenzene 5.71
    dimethyl carbonate 89.98
    n-octane 1.82
    formamide 590.16
    cyclopentanone 94.82
    2-pentanone 51.04
    anisole 30.85
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 46.49
    gamma-butyrolactone 137.44
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 310.16
    pyridine 40.77
    3-pentanone 35.69
    furfural 161.19
    n-dodecane 2.0
    diethylene glycol 297.13
    diisopropyl ether 12.16
    tert-amyl alcohol 95.45
    acetylacetone 65.79
    n-hexadecane 2.0
    acetophenone 31.41
    methyl propionate 69.06
    isopentyl acetate 17.5
    trichloroethylene 19.98
    n-nonanol 29.65
    cyclohexanol 48.29
    benzyl alcohol 45.43
    2-ethylhexanol 18.07
    isooctanol 22.52
    dipropyl ether 25.41
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 6.56
    ethyl lactate 64.89
    propylene carbonate 69.57
    n-methylformamide 462.29
    2-pentanol 51.24
    n-pentane 5.1
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 92.56
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 41.51
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 91.08
    mesitylene 6.13
    ε-caprolactone 62.1
    p-cymene 5.72
    epichlorohydrin 92.21
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 11.11
    2-aminoethanol 521.12
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 400.06
    sulfolane 145.86
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 3.08
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 68.43
    n-hexyl acetate 31.57
    isooctane 2.49
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 118.36
    sec-butyl acetate 19.45
    tert-butyl acetate 28.63
    decalin 2.31
    glycerin 685.34
    diglyme 197.09
    acrylic acid 201.36
    isopropyl myristate 14.04
    n-butyric acid 101.22
    acetyl acetate 31.54
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 22.75
    ethyl propionate 35.78
    nitromethane 382.51
    1,2-diethoxyethane 40.39
    benzonitrile 24.72
    trioctyl phosphate 17.42
    1-bromopropane 8.01
    gamma-valerolactone 209.03
    n-decanol 22.37
    triethyl phosphate 17.24
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 30.64
    propionitrile 58.67
    vinylene carbonate 69.55
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 146.35
    DMS 35.6
    cumene 5.79
    2-octanol 18.68
    2-hexanone 35.46
    octyl acetate 21.99
    limonene 7.64
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 274.71
    ethyl orthosilicate 16.8
    tributyl phosphate 19.32
    diacetone alcohol 77.88
    N,N-dimethylaniline 32.29
    acrylonitrile 91.53
    aniline 30.74
    1,3-propanediol 346.39
    bromobenzene 2.97
    dibromomethane 9.3
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 19.32
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 17.77
    tetrabutyl urea 31.19
    diisobutyl methanol 12.12
    2-phenylethanol 29.38
    styrene 5.33
    dioctyl adipate 25.98
    dimethyl sulfate 127.25
    ethyl butyrate 22.23
    methyl lactate 140.01
    butyl lactate 37.68
    diethyl carbonate 19.25
    propanediol butyl ether 128.3
    triethyl orthoformate 21.63
    p-tert-butyltoluene 6.04
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 43.21
    morpholine 197.67
    tert-butylamine 75.57
    n-dodecanol 17.2
    dimethoxymethane 283.93
    ethylene carbonate 58.86
    cyrene 99.18
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 34.22
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 12.71
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 8.97
    4-methylpyridine 44.65
    dibutyl ether 18.07
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 12.12
    DEF 109.17
    dimethyl isosorbide 86.16
    tetrachloroethylene 17.05
    eugenol 62.95
    triacetin 45.09
    span 80 76.25
    1,4-butanediol 190.56
    1,1-dichloroethane 14.19
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 41.88
    methyl formate 339.09
    2-methyl-1-butanol 63.67
    n-decane 2.87
    butyronitrile 46.48
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 22.76
    1-chlorooctane 7.32
    1-chlorotetradecane 4.12
    n-nonane 2.64
    undecane 2.32
    tert-butylcyclohexane 3.09
    cyclooctane 1.49
    cyclopentanol 87.25
    tetrahydropyran 56.36
    tert-amyl methyl ether 36.5
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 148.55
    1-hexene 10.88
    2-isopropoxyethanol 134.06
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 253.46
    methyl butyrate 48.62

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Aristolochia asclepiadifolia root Aristolochia asclepiadifolia, fam. Aristolochiaceae 0.9%
Blackcurrant bud 1 68606-81-5 Ribes nigrum L., fam. Grossulariaceae 0.01%
Carrot seed (France) 1 8015-88-1 Daucus carota L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%
Myrtle leaf (Morocco) 1 8008-46-6 Myrtus communis L., fam. Myrtaceae 0.02%
Truffle, black (Perigord) Tuber melanosporum, fam. Ascomycetae 0.1%
Apple flower Malus arnoldiana (Rehd) Sarg. var. Redgold, fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Rose (Turkey) 3 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.07%
Vanilla 1 8024-06-4 Vanilla fragrans Ames (V. planifolia Andrews), fam. Orchidaceae 0.5%
Cornmint (Mentha arvensis) (India) 3 Shivalik 68917-18-0 Mentha arvensis (L.) var. piperascens Malinv., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.02%
Agarwood smoke 1 Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., fam. Thymelaeaceae 3.97%
Agarwood smoke 2 Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., fam. Thymelaeaceae 2.76%
Cassia, bark (China) 2 8007-80-5 Cinnamomum cassia Blume, fam. Lauraceae 0.01%
Heteromorpha trifoliata Heteromorpha trifoliata (Wendl.) Eckl. & Zey., fam.Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.1%
Cymbopogon khasianus (India) Cymbopogon khasianus (Munro ex Hack.) Bor, fam. Poaceae (Gramineae) 0.2%
Fagraea berteriana flower Fagraea berteriana A. Gray ex Benth., fam. Potaliaceae 2.28%
Zizyphus jujuba fruit (Malaysia) Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis, fam. Rhamnaceae 0.01%
Jasmine rose absolute (India) Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, fam. Rubiaceae 0.22%
Narcissus tazetta (var. chinensis) 8023-75-4 Narcissus tazetta L., var. chinensis, fam. Amaryllidaceae 0.04%
Tamarind 3 fruit Tamarindus indica L., fam. Leguminosae 0.2%
Phalaenopsis schilleriana headspace Phalaenopsis schilleriana Rehb. f., fam. Orchidaceae 0.4%
Phalaenopsis equestris headspace Phalaenopsis equestris Rehb. f., fam. Orchidaceae 4.3%
Phalaenopsis veichiana headspace Phalaenopsis veitchiana, fam. Orchidaceae 1.6%
Spearmint, scotch (Japan) Mentha gracilis Sole, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.07%
Olibanum, African (Oman) 8016-36-2 Boswellia frereana Birdwood, fam. Burseraceae 0.1%
Colocasia esculenta (Taro) Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, fam. Araceae 0.1%
Psidium cattleianum fruit (R‚union Island) Psidium cattleianum Sabine, fam. Myrtaceae 1.3%
Kewda (India) Pandanus fascicularis Lam., var. fascilarris, fam. Pandanaceae 0.01%
Samurai orchid (Neofinetia) Neofinetia falcata, fam. Orchidaceae 0.01%
Rosemary (Japan) 8000-25-7 Rosmarinus officinalis L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.02%
Chicory root, roasted 2 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.13%
Carob bean powder 2a raw 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 0.2%
Carob bean powder 2b roasted 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 0.2%
Cordia nitida fruit Cordia nitida Vahl., fam. Borraginaceae 2.7%
Aeollanthus suaveolens 1a flowering Aeollanthus suaveolens Mart. ex Spreng., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.06%
Aeollanthus suaveolens 1b vegetative Aeollanthus suaveolens Mart. ex Spreng., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Pineapple pulp Ananas comosus (L.) Merr., fam. Bromeliaceae 1.39%
Soursop, fruit Annona muricata L., fam. Annonaceae 0.1%
Rocket leaf 1 Eruca sativa L., fam. Brassicaceae 0.01%
Rocket leaf 2 headspace Eruca sativa L., fam. Brassicaceae 0.1%
Geneps fruit (Cuba) Melicocca bijuga L., fam. Sapindaceae 1.6%
Baga fruit Annona glabra L., fam. Annonaceae 0.01%
Soursop, wild fruit Annona montana Macf., fam. Annonaceae 0.1%
Mango (Cameroon) headspace of ripe fruit 90063-86-0 Mangifera indica L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.04%
Papaya (Cameroon) headspace of ripe fruit Carica papaya L., 0.04%