2-Carene

Overview IFRA Botanical Request a quote

  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    554-61-0

    Molecular formula
    C10H16

    SMILES
    CC1=CC2C(C2(C)C)CC1

    Safety labels

    Flammable
    Flammable

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

    Environmental Hazard
    Environmental

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 999.5
    • Carbowax: 1126.0

  • Odor profile

    Woody 86.06%
    Spicy 56.8%
    Herbal 52.86%
    Sweet 51.08%
    Fresh 46.78%
    Dry 45.19%
    Terpenic 43.29%
    Green 41.62%
    Pine 40.99%
    Citrus 38.74%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    2.8

    pKa est.
    10.14 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    136.23 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Very fast

    Boiling point est.
    163°C

    Flash point est.
    45.35 ˚C

  • Synonyms

    • 2-Carene
    • 3,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-ene
    • 554-61-0
    • 4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-ene
    • DTXSID00858821
    • 4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo(4.1.0)hept-4-ene
    • 3,7,7-TRIMETHYLBICYCLO(4.1.0)HEPT-2-ENE
    • delta-2-carene
    • Bicyclo(4.1.0)hept-2-ene, 3,7,7-trimethyl-
    • Bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-ene, 3,7,7-trimethyl-
    • CHEMBL2286984
    • DTXCID70809567
    • CHEBI:184750
    • AKOS025295339
    • DB-070610
    • NS00122154

  • Applications

    2-Carene (CAS 554-61-0) is a bicyclic monoterpene with a pine–citrus odor found in turpentine and various essential oils; its distinctive aroma and suitable volatility enable use as a fragrance ingredient in perfumes, soaps, cleaners, air fresheners, and scented candles, and as a trace flavor modifier providing pine/citrus notes in foods and beverages; in industrial chemistry, 2-carene serves as a bio-based feedstock for derivatization (hydrogenation, epoxidation, oxidation, cationic polymerization) to obtain terpene derivatives, reactive diluents, monomers, and terpene resins used in adhesives, coatings, printing inks, and sealants; it is also explored as a renewable “green” solvent and aroma carrier for extraction and cleaning formulations; in pharma and agrochemical workflows, its chiral bicyclic scaffold is valuable as an intermediate/building block; additionally, reported deodorizing, antimicrobial, and insect-repellent properties motivate research for use in packaging materials, wood treatment, and personal-care products.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 254.77
    methanol 147.01
    isopropanol 278.13
    water 0.32
    ethyl acetate 402.08
    n-propanol 267.79
    acetone 376.06
    n-butanol 312.91
    acetonitrile 238.33
    DMF 237.56
    toluene 335.0
    isobutanol 231.31
    1,4-dioxane 606.24
    methyl acetate 350.09
    THF 881.82
    2-butanone 420.48
    n-pentanol 215.08
    sec-butanol 265.01
    n-hexane 169.55
    ethylene glycol 44.83
    NMP 177.64
    cyclohexane 181.21
    DMSO 170.43
    n-butyl acetate 436.86
    n-octanol 232.53
    chloroform 562.45
    n-propyl acetate 226.74
    acetic acid 99.09
    dichloromethane 404.52
    cyclohexanone 393.43
    propylene glycol 90.37
    isopropyl acetate 341.28
    DMAc 258.52
    2-ethoxyethanol 248.57
    isopentanol 292.92
    n-heptane 173.4
    ethyl formate 142.64
    1,2-dichloroethane 300.71
    n-hexanol 497.69
    2-methoxyethanol 319.07
    isobutyl acetate 221.13
    tetrachloromethane 156.29
    n-pentyl acetate 252.81
    transcutol 797.33
    n-heptanol 239.02
    ethylbenzene 204.78
    MIBK 330.07
    2-propoxyethanol 619.51
    tert-butanol 349.71
    MTBE 548.88
    2-butoxyethanol 317.45
    propionic acid 130.47
    o-xylene 212.44
    formic acid 24.85
    diethyl ether 588.74
    m-xylene 274.01
    p-xylene 234.88
    chlorobenzene 253.86
    dimethyl carbonate 128.71
    n-octane 76.13
    formamide 43.66
    cyclopentanone 436.4
    2-pentanone 381.83
    anisole 333.03
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 478.18
    gamma-butyrolactone 328.1
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 361.27
    pyridine 349.39
    3-pentanone 321.26
    furfural 240.88
    n-dodecane 58.97
    diethylene glycol 283.11
    diisopropyl ether 299.4
    tert-amyl alcohol 294.91
    acetylacetone 355.09
    n-hexadecane 66.61
    acetophenone 223.4
    methyl propionate 285.54
    isopentyl acetate 441.12
    trichloroethylene 433.16
    n-nonanol 217.17
    cyclohexanol 244.61
    benzyl alcohol 174.75
    2-ethylhexanol 322.29
    isooctanol 195.33
    dipropyl ether 479.9
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 221.97
    ethyl lactate 114.29
    propylene carbonate 202.2
    n-methylformamide 109.0
    2-pentanol 283.01
    n-pentane 165.2
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 517.58
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 471.32
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 294.87
    mesitylene 206.13
    ε-caprolactone 330.97
    p-cymene 180.41
    epichlorohydrin 443.83
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 381.75
    2-aminoethanol 102.69
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 302.37
    sulfolane 261.46
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 85.78
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 612.04
    n-hexyl acetate 379.96
    isooctane 97.97
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 389.58
    sec-butyl acetate 230.72
    tert-butyl acetate 394.42
    decalin 108.94
    glycerin 100.39
    diglyme 599.88
    acrylic acid 88.71
    isopropyl myristate 189.01
    n-butyric acid 205.01
    acetyl acetate 232.24
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 132.79
    ethyl propionate 237.52
    nitromethane 183.75
    1,2-diethoxyethane 463.76
    benzonitrile 210.51
    trioctyl phosphate 111.93
    1-bromopropane 350.8
    gamma-valerolactone 427.25
    n-decanol 172.71
    triethyl phosphate 143.27
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 228.97
    propionitrile 292.25
    vinylene carbonate 168.34
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 215.14
    DMS 261.09
    cumene 162.79
    2-octanol 165.36
    2-hexanone 287.01
    octyl acetate 212.23
    limonene 240.88
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 463.65
    ethyl orthosilicate 154.13
    tributyl phosphate 134.44
    diacetone alcohol 322.23
    N,N-dimethylaniline 218.06
    acrylonitrile 230.17
    aniline 235.95
    1,3-propanediol 160.19
    bromobenzene 289.97
    dibromomethane 345.41
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 391.63
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 256.47
    tetrabutyl urea 145.18
    diisobutyl methanol 226.61
    2-phenylethanol 297.97
    styrene 211.67
    dioctyl adipate 178.27
    dimethyl sulfate 122.99
    ethyl butyrate 288.7
    methyl lactate 130.38
    butyl lactate 171.18
    diethyl carbonate 190.18
    propanediol butyl ether 251.79
    triethyl orthoformate 237.17
    p-tert-butyltoluene 199.01
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 247.22
    morpholine 551.12
    tert-butylamine 297.43
    n-dodecanol 141.45
    dimethoxymethane 357.37
    ethylene carbonate 169.94
    cyrene 169.01
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 325.68
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 358.25
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 247.59
    4-methylpyridine 356.74
    dibutyl ether 341.24
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 226.61
    DEF 270.09
    dimethyl isosorbide 405.61
    tetrachloroethylene 239.66
    eugenol 205.6
    triacetin 258.37
    span 80 240.01
    1,4-butanediol 77.44
    1,1-dichloroethane 383.79
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 204.88
    methyl formate 92.08
    2-methyl-1-butanol 254.3
    n-decane 91.3
    butyronitrile 308.07
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 262.34
    1-chlorooctane 208.19
    1-chlorotetradecane 103.29
    n-nonane 93.92
    undecane 71.89
    tert-butylcyclohexane 112.93
    cyclooctane 109.59
    cyclopentanol 225.96
    tetrahydropyran 649.04
    tert-amyl methyl ether 370.69
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 382.18
    1-hexene 299.22
    2-isopropoxyethanol 240.5
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 49.99
    methyl butyrate 238.01

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Juniperus martinezii Juniperus martinezii Perez de la Rosa, fam. Cupressaceae 0.05%
Juniperus flaccida var. flaccida Juniperus flaccida Schlecht, var. flaccida, fam. Cupressaceae 0.4%
Juniperus flaccida var. poblana Juniperus flaccida var. poblana Martinez, fam. Cupressaceae 1.7%
Cascarilla 2 8007-06-5 Croton eluteria Bennett, fam. Euphorbiaceae 0.21%
Lepechinia urbanii Lepechinia urbanii (Briq.) Epling, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Pepper, black (variety Muntok) 8006-82-4 Piper nigrum L., variety Muntok, fam. Piperaceae 0.02%
Juniper leaf 2 8012-91-7 Juniperus communis L., fam. Cupressaceae 0.66%
Eucalyptus citriodora (China) 2 8000-48-4 Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. f., fam. Myrtaceae 0.1%
Pepper, black (China) 1 fruit 8006-82-4 Piper nigrum L., fam. Piperaceae 1.03%
Pepper, white (China) 8006-82-4 Piper nigrum L., fam. Piperaceae 0.98%
Thymus mongolicus (China) 2 Thymus mongolicus Ronn., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.49%
Torreya grandis 1 Torreya grandis Fort., fam. Taxaceae 1.11%
Citron (China) peel 1b Citrus medica L., cultivar sarcodactylis (Noot.) Swingle, fam. Rutaceae 0.42%
Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (China) 1a Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (Jack) Nees, fam. Lauraceae 1.57%
Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (China) 1b Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (Jack) Nees, fam. Lauraceae 0.1%
Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (China) 1c Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (Jack) Nees, fam. Lauraceae 0.1%
Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (China) 1d Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (Jack) Nees, fam. Lauraceae 0.16%
Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (China) 1e Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (Jack) Nees, fam. Lauraceae 0.1%
Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (China) 1f Cinnamomum parthenoxylum (Jack) Nees, fam. Lauraceae 0.26%
Cajuput (China) 8008-98-8 Melaleuca cajuputi Powell, var. cajuputi, fam. Myrtaceae 0.18%
Amomum tsao-ko (China) 2 Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemiare, fam. Zingiberaceae 0.1%
Dendrobium chrysatoxum flower (China) Dendrobium chrysatoxum Lindl., fam. Orchidaceae 15.82%
Eucalyptus robusta (China) Eucalyptus robusta Smith, fam. Myrtaceae 0.85%
Juniperus rigida (Japan) 2 Juniperus rigida Mig., fam. Cupressaceae 0.2%
Juniperus rigida (China) Juniperus rigida Mig., fam. Cupressaceae 0.8%
Juniperus rigida (Korea) Juniperus rigida Mig., fam. Cupressaceae 1.0%
Pistacia vera fruit hull (Turkey) Pistacia vera L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.41%
Ageratum houstonianum (India) Ageratum houstonianum Mill., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.17%
Scaligeria lazica fruit (Turkey) Scaligeria lazica Boiss., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.86%
Thymus pulegioides (Italy) Thymus pulegioides L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Angelica root (France) 1 8015-64-3 Angelica archangelica L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.2%
Pinus sibirica (Mongolia) 1b Pinus sibirica (Rupr.) Mayr (Siberian pine), fam. Pinaceae 0.01%
Monodora brevipes seed (Cameroon) Monodora brevipes Benth., fam. Annonaceae 0.01%
St. John's wort (Turkey) 84082-80-4 Hypericum perforatum L., fam. Guttiferae (Hypericaceae) 0.8%
Hypericum scabrum (Turkey) Hypericum scabrum L., fam. Guttiferae (Hypericeae) 0.3%
Helichrysum stoechas (France) 8023-85-8 Helichrysum stoechas L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.01%
Cymbopogon nardus, var. confertiflorus Cymbopogon naruds (L.) Rendle, var., confertiflorus (Steud.), fam. Poaceae 1.1%
Mango (India) 1c cv. Desi 90063-86-8 Mangifera indica L. cv. Desi, fam. Anacardiaceae 0.9%
Nepeta racemosa (Iran) Nepeta racemosa Lam. (syn. N. mussinii Spreng.), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.3%
Juniper leaf (Sweden) 8012-91-7 Juniperus communis L., fam. Cupressaceae 0.2%
Juniperus cedrus (Portugal-Madeira) Juniperus cedrus Webb & Berth. (J. oxycedrus L), fam. Cupressaceae 1.0%
Aristolochia gibertii stem Aristolochia gibertii Hook., fam. Aristolochiaceae 0.1%
Protium heptaphyllum 2b fruit Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) March., fam. Burseraceae 2.7%
Protium heptaphyllum 2c resin Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) March., fam. Burseraceae 0.3%
Eupatorium cannabinum Eupatorium cannabinum L. ssp. cannabinum, fam. Astercaceae (Compositae) 6.5%
Turmeric (Reunion Island) 1b leaf 8024-37-1 Curcuma longa L. (C. domestica Val.), fam. Zingiberaceae 0.1%
Turmeric (Reunion Island) 1c flower 8024-37-1 Curcuma longa L. (C. domestica Val.), fam. Zingiberaceae 0.2%
Pinus sylvestris 8 8023-99-2 Pinus sylvestris L. (Scotch pine), fam. Pinaceae 0.05%
Thymus capitatus (Tunisia) Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns et Link, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Pinus sylvestris (Lithuania) 8023-99-2 Pinus sylvestris L. (Scotch pine), fam. Pinaceae 0.01%