gamma-Gurjunene

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    22567-17-5

    Molecular formula
    C15H24

    SMILES
    CC1CCC(C=C2C1CCC2C)C(=C)C

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 1473.17
    • Carbowax: 1650.0

  • Odor profile

    Woody 69.36%
    Spicy 53.26%
    Herbal 50.11%
    Citrus 45.84%
    Sweet 44.07%
    Fresh 42.23%
    Terpenic 40.73%
    Oily 35.15%
    Balsamic 34.95%
    Dry 31.98%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    5.3

    pKa est.
    9.22 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    204.35 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Slow

    Boiling point est.
    262°C

    Flash point est.
    80.65 ˚C

  • Synonyms

    • gamma-Gurjunene
    • 22567-17-5
    • (+)-gamma-Gurjunene
    • EINECS 245-084-1
    • 1,4-dimethyl-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydroazulene
    • 1.beta.,4.beta.H,10.beta.H-Guaia-5,11-diene
    • Azulene, 1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [1R-(1.alpha.,3a.beta.,4.alpha.,7.beta.)]-
    • Azulene, 1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, (1R,3aR,4R,7R)-
    • 1,4-dimethyl-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydroazulene
    • DTXSID101037142
    • .gamma.-Gurjunene
    • 915104-82-4
    • DTXSID80275870
    • CHEBI:178033
    • DTXCID601765780
    • (1R-(1alpha,3Abeta,4alpha,7beta))-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydro-7-isopropenyl-1,4-dimethylazulene
    • NS00050200
    • Q67880022
    • 7-Isopropenyl-1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydroazulene #
    • 1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-azulene

  • Applications

    gamma-Gurjunene (CAS 22567-17-5) is a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon with woody, balsamic, slightly earthy notes that occurs naturally in gurjun balsam and various tropical wood essential oils; in fragrance and personal/home-care it serves as a fragrance ingredient and modifier to add depth, warmth and substantivity to perfumes, candles, soaps, detergents and deodorizers, and may be present at trace levels as a natural flavor component via permitted essential oils; in analytical chemistry it is used as a GC-MS reference/marker to authenticate and detect adulteration of essential oils (characteristic of gurjun balsam and some wood oils); in R&D it provides a hydrocarbon scaffold for selective transformations (hydrogenation/oxidation) to access new odorants, and gurjunene-rich oils have been investigated preclinically for antimicrobial, antioxidant and insect-repellent properties, with any practical use contingent on safety assessment, stability, and regulatory compliance (e.g., IFRA, REACH) by jurisdiction.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 506.91
    methanol 202.97
    isopropanol 672.45
    water 0.1
    ethyl acetate 928.54
    n-propanol 591.25
    acetone 798.2
    n-butanol 753.56
    acetonitrile 506.9
    DMF 503.77
    toluene 1383.17
    isobutanol 514.41
    1,4-dioxane 1965.35
    methyl acetate 630.48
    THF 3176.08
    2-butanone 947.17
    n-pentanol 429.14
    sec-butanol 575.71
    n-hexane 307.85
    ethylene glycol 25.28
    NMP 443.58
    cyclohexane 708.61
    DMSO 392.07
    n-butyl acetate 1627.59
    n-octanol 449.52
    chloroform 2109.74
    n-propyl acetate 558.35
    acetic acid 187.15
    dichloromethane 1937.55
    cyclohexanone 1354.28
    propylene glycol 69.73
    isopropyl acetate 760.66
    DMAc 444.67
    2-ethoxyethanol 318.35
    isopentanol 670.42
    n-heptane 584.13
    ethyl formate 420.76
    1,2-dichloroethane 1061.91
    n-hexanol 1039.19
    2-methoxyethanol 471.08
    isobutyl acetate 488.17
    tetrachloromethane 509.73
    n-pentyl acetate 689.41
    transcutol 1638.0
    n-heptanol 408.43
    ethylbenzene 545.39
    MIBK 661.9
    2-propoxyethanol 856.81
    tert-butanol 818.17
    MTBE 1331.85
    2-butoxyethanol 460.73
    propionic acid 228.45
    o-xylene 576.78
    formic acid 20.91
    diethyl ether 1380.75
    m-xylene 801.53
    p-xylene 632.95
    chlorobenzene 903.05
    dimethyl carbonate 190.12
    n-octane 164.32
    formamide 50.32
    cyclopentanone 1366.67
    2-pentanone 925.74
    anisole 684.54
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 1256.12
    gamma-butyrolactone 958.98
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 521.42
    pyridine 1575.26
    3-pentanone 638.45
    furfural 632.14
    n-dodecane 101.52
    diethylene glycol 293.89
    diisopropyl ether 545.31
    tert-amyl alcohol 566.42
    acetylacetone 773.81
    n-hexadecane 119.74
    acetophenone 508.49
    methyl propionate 503.56
    isopentyl acetate 1316.1
    trichloroethylene 1629.51
    n-nonanol 395.12
    cyclohexanol 736.91
    benzyl alcohol 383.52
    2-ethylhexanol 764.02
    isooctanol 368.25
    dipropyl ether 1426.71
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 656.82
    ethyl lactate 157.22
    propylene carbonate 618.17
    n-methylformamide 182.41
    2-pentanol 557.0
    n-pentane 347.58
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 840.19
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 923.2
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 474.91
    mesitylene 511.57
    ε-caprolactone 940.71
    p-cymene 537.95
    epichlorohydrin 1166.01
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 1212.15
    2-aminoethanol 89.42
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 621.12
    sulfolane 659.81
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 140.18
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 2138.64
    n-hexyl acetate 837.6
    isooctane 166.84
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 652.77
    sec-butyl acetate 463.11
    tert-butyl acetate 795.12
    decalin 224.78
    glycerin 79.69
    diglyme 1187.7
    acrylic acid 129.64
    isopropyl myristate 400.87
    n-butyric acid 627.91
    acetyl acetate 519.17
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 293.84
    ethyl propionate 467.81
    nitromethane 315.95
    1,2-diethoxyethane 1354.78
    benzonitrile 695.57
    trioctyl phosphate 228.99
    1-bromopropane 1259.91
    gamma-valerolactone 1114.35
    n-decanol 297.0
    triethyl phosphate 279.05
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 382.94
    propionitrile 677.26
    vinylene carbonate 518.8
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 381.46
    DMS 418.52
    cumene 345.96
    2-octanol 323.02
    2-hexanone 610.47
    octyl acetate 445.76
    limonene 735.45
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 989.42
    ethyl orthosilicate 312.09
    tributyl phosphate 271.68
    diacetone alcohol 512.06
    N,N-dimethylaniline 424.51
    acrylonitrile 496.68
    aniline 703.7
    1,3-propanediol 239.9
    bromobenzene 1151.8
    dibromomethane 1543.56
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 1158.0
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 604.42
    tetrabutyl urea 341.75
    diisobutyl methanol 482.91
    2-phenylethanol 625.95
    styrene 636.38
    dioctyl adipate 436.4
    dimethyl sulfate 191.14
    ethyl butyrate 895.14
    methyl lactate 145.3
    butyl lactate 329.6
    diethyl carbonate 493.96
    propanediol butyl ether 345.16
    triethyl orthoformate 593.43
    p-tert-butyltoluene 522.98
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 472.89
    morpholine 1796.7
    tert-butylamine 716.64
    n-dodecanol 239.73
    dimethoxymethane 675.12
    ethylene carbonate 507.29
    cyrene 328.95
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 745.05
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 1117.85
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 687.57
    4-methylpyridine 1476.69
    dibutyl ether 920.78
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 482.91
    DEF 622.72
    dimethyl isosorbide 886.94
    tetrachloroethylene 737.55
    eugenol 368.41
    triacetin 485.71
    span 80 472.49
    1,4-butanediol 86.68
    1,1-dichloroethane 1268.2
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 415.21
    methyl formate 151.43
    2-methyl-1-butanol 536.48
    n-decane 178.06
    butyronitrile 961.61
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 470.75
    1-chlorooctane 461.23
    1-chlorotetradecane 187.78
    n-nonane 194.02
    undecane 127.4
    tert-butylcyclohexane 198.51
    cyclooctane 281.6
    cyclopentanol 625.66
    tetrahydropyran 2784.43
    tert-amyl methyl ether 706.93
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 774.2
    1-hexene 709.78
    2-isopropoxyethanol 309.47
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 57.83
    methyl butyrate 573.65

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Alpinia chinensis (China) Alpinia chinensis Rosc., fam. Zingiberaceae 1.5%
Calamus (Italy) root 8015-79-0 Acorus calamus L., fam. Araceae 0.49%
Cajuput (Vietnam) 2 8008-98-8 Melaleuca cajuputi Powell, var. cajuputi, fam. Myrtaceae 0.5%
Lepechinia urbanii Lepechinia urbanii (Briq.) Epling, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Tea Tree (Australia) 7 68647-73-4 Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden et Betche) Cheel, fam. Myrtaceae 0.1%
Hyssop (Finland) 2 8006-83-5 Hyssopus officinalis L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.4%
Lemon leaf (petitgrain) 2 84929-31-7 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f., fam. Rutaceae 0.03%
Laurel fruit (India) 8006-78-8 Laurus nobilis L., fam. Lauraceae 2.17%
Ylang Ylang (China) 2a 8006-81-5 Cananga odorata (Lamk.) Hook. f. et Thomson forma genuina, fam. Annonaceae 0.09%
Daniellia oliveri Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch & Dalz., fam. Caesalpiniaceae 1.15%
Oregano, spanish (Greece) 3 8007-11-2 Coridothymus capitatus Rchb. (Thymus capitatus Hoffm. et Link.), Lamiaceae 0.2%
Oregano, greek (Greece) 1 84012-24-8 Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (Link) Ietsw., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.6%
Phoebe 2 Phoebe porsa Mez. (syn. Oreodaphne prosa Nees & Mart.), fam. Lauraceae 0.25%
Sage, dalmatian (Italy) 5 8022-56-8 Salvia officinalis L. var. angustifolia Ten., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Satureja gilliesii Satureja gilliesii (Grah.) Briq., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Alseuosmia macrophylla Alseuosmia macrophylla A. Cunn, fam. Alseuosmiaceae 0.2%
Bay, West Indian 3 8015-73-4 Pimenta racemosa var. racemosa (P. Miller) J.W. Moore, fam. Myrtaceae 0.06%
Myrica cerifera leaf (Cuba) Myrica cerifera L., fam. Myricaceae 0.16%
Teucrium heterophyllum (Madeira) Teucrium heterophyllum L'Her. (T. canariensis), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Minthostachys spicata Minthostachys spicata (Benth.) Epl., fam Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Thymus pulegioides (Italy) Thymus pulegioides L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Oregano, mexican (U.S.A.) 2 Lippia graveolens HBK., fam. Verbenaceae 0.35%
Vitex agnus-castus fruit (Italy) Vitex agnus-castus L., fam. Verbenaceae 0.5%
Pimento (Allspice) (Cuba) 2 (leaf) 8006-77-7 Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. (P. officinalis Lindl.), fam. Myrtaceae 0.92%
Annona squamosa root Annona squamosa L., fam. Annonaceae (sweetsop or custard apple) 0.6%
Thymus funkii Thymus funkii Cosson, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Leptospermum javanicum (Malaysia) Leptospermum javanicum Blume, fam. Myrtaceae 0.3%
Tea Tree (Australia) 9 68647-73-4 Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden et Betche) Cheel, fam. Myrtaceae 0.15%
Helichrysum stoechas (Greece) 8023-85-8 Helichrysum stoechas (L.) M. ssp. barrelieri (Ten.) Nyman, fam. Asteraceae 1.39%
St. John's wort (Turkey) 84082-80-4 Hypericum perforatum L., fam. Guttiferae (Hypericaceae) 0.2%
Hypericum scabrum (Turkey) Hypericum scabrum L., fam. Guttiferae (Hypericeae) 0.2%
Satureja boliviana (Peru) 2 Satureja boliviana Briq. (Micromeria boliviana Benth.), fam. Lamiaceae 0.01%
Tessaria absinthioides (Argentina) Tessaria absinthioides (Hook et Arn.) D. Candole, fam. Asteraceae (Comp.) 3.65%
Clementine x Lemon (Italy) 2 Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan. x Citrus limon (L.) Burm., fam. Rutaceae 0.06%
Mango (India) 1a cv. Langra 90063-86-8 Mangifera indica L. cv. Langra, fam. Anacardiaceae 0.3%
Guava fruit (Reunion island) 91770-12-6 Psidium guajava L., fam. Myrtaceae 0.3%
Mullilam seed (India) Zanthoxylum rhetsa D.C. syn. Z. limonella (Dennst.) Alston, fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Abies alba needle (Serbia) 8021-27-0 Abies alba Mill., fam. Pinaceae 0.3%
Abies cephalonica needle (Greece) Abies cephalonica Loud., fam. Pinaceae 0.2%
Abies borisii-regis needle (Greece) Abies borisii-regis Mattf., fam. Pinaceae 0.1%
Manuka (New Zealand) 2 Leptospermum scoparium J.R. et G. Forst., fam. Myrtaceae 1.0%
Orange, sweet (Italy) 7 FMC process 8028-48-6 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, fam. Rutaceae 0.02%
Eucalyptus globulus (Spain) 2c mature fruits 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.2%
Eucalyptus globulus (Yugoslavia) 1b flower buds 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.01%
Eucalyptus globulus (Yugoslavia) 1c branches 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.55%
Eucalyptus globulus (Italy) 1a hydrodistiled 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.2%
Eucalyptus globulus (Italy) 1b CO2-extract 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.1%
Nepeta fissa (Iran) Nepeta fissa C.A.Mey (N.microphylla Stapf, N.trautvetteri Boiss),Lamiaceae 1.0%
Siparuna guianensis stem wood Siparuna guianensis Aublet, fam. Monimiaceae 1.3%
Rosemary (Portugal) 2 8000-25-7 Rosmarinus officinalis L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.15%