Ethyl palmitate

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    628-97-7

    Molecular formula
    C18H36O2

    SMILES
    CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 1994.25
    • Carbowax: 2244.5

  • Odor profile

    Waxy 77.04%
    Fatty 76.14%
    Oily 67.77%
    Sweet 45.36%
    Creamy 41.22%
    Fruity 38.32%
    Dairy 31.38%
    Soapy 26.91%
    Coconut 26.22%
    Winey 25.85%

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  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    7.8

    Molecular weight
    284.5 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 24 °C

    Boiling point

    • 192.00 to 193.00 °C. @ 10.00 mm Hg

    Flash point est.
    147.84 ˚C

    Solubility expt.

    • Soluble in ethanol and oils, insoluble in water

  • Synonyms

    • ETHYL PALMITATE
    • Ethyl hexadecanoate
    • 628-97-7
    • Palmitic acid ethyl ester
    • Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester
    • Palmitic acid, ethyl ester
    • Ethyl cetylate
    • Ethyl n-hexadecanoate
    • FEMA No. 2451
    • Ethyl palmitate (natural)
    • UNII-IRD3M534ZM
    • IRD3M534ZM
    • DTXSID2047511
    • NSC 8918
    • NSC-8918
    • EINECS 211-064-6
    • MFCD00008996
    • WE(2:0/16:0)
    • hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester
    • hexadecanoic acid-ethyl ester
    • AI3-06331
    • ETHYL PALMITATE [FHFI]
    • DTXCID0027511
    • CHEBI:84932
    • ETHYL PALMITATE [USP-RS]
    • Palmitic acid, ethyl ester (8CI)
    • HEXADECANOIC ACID,ETHYL ESTER MFC18 H36 O2
    • ETHYL PALMITATE (USP-RS)
    • Ethyl Palmitate; Hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester
    • Ethylpalmitate
    • Ethyl palmitate (Standard)
    • Ethyl palmitate, >=99%
    • Hexadecanoic acid,ethyl ester
    • SCHEMBL120620
    • ETHYL PALMITATE [INCI]
    • QSPL 072
    • QSPL 171
    • QSPL 205
    • CHEMBL3561042
    • Ethyl palmitate, >=95%, FG
    • FEMA 2451
    • HY-N2086R
    • NSC8918
    • HMS3650O17
    • HY-N2086
    • QYB72157
    • Ethyl palmitate, analytical standard
    • Tox21_302505
    • LMFA07010471
    • s9372
    • Ethyl hexadecanoate (ethyl palmitate)
    • AKOS004910397
    • CCG-267313
    • FE23062
    • Ethyl palmitate, 1mg/ml in Acetonitrile
    • NCGC00256913-01
    • AC-35085
    • AS-57139
    • CAS-628-97-7
    • DB-054321
    • CS-0018590
    • NS00012447
    • P0003
    • Ethyl palmitate, natural (US), >=95%, FG
    • Ethyl palmitate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 95%
    • A801217
    • SR-01000946821
    • SR-01000946821-1
    • HEXADECANOIC ACID,ETHYL ESTER MFC18 H36 O2
    • Q18354123
    • Ethyl palmitate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
    • Hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester;Palmitic acid ethyl ester;Ethyl hexadecanoate
    • 211-064-6

  • Applications

    Ethyl palmitate (CAS 628-97-7) is the ethyl ester of palmitic acid and finds extensive use because of its chemical inertness, mild pleasant odor and high biocompatibility; in cosmetics it serves as an emollient, skin-conditioning and fragrance-fixing agent that enhances glide and penetration in creams, lipsticks, shampoos and sunscreens; in pharmaceuticals it functions as a solvent or carrier for lipid-based delivery systems, a component of microemulsions and liposomes, and a quantitative reference standard for monitoring fatty-acid metabolism; in foods it is FDA-approved as a fruity, dairy flavor additive and fat mouth-feel enhancer for confectionery and dairy substitutes; in petrochemistry it is blended into ester-based lubricants to lower friction, boost thermal stability and provide biodegradability, making it suitable for food-grade machinery and medical equipment; in biofuel research it is employed as a model compound to elucidate biodiesel combustion mechanisms and optimize catalytic transesterification; additionally, it is widely used as an internal standard in gas and high-performance liquid chromatography to identify other ethyl esters and to assess the quality of vegetable oils.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 305.22
    methanol 263.44
    isopropanol 505.81
    water 0.02
    ethyl acetate 1964.9
    n-propanol 471.67
    acetone 1349.25
    n-butanol 577.8
    acetonitrile 555.1
    DMF 1566.6
    toluene 694.7
    isobutanol 527.51
    1,4-dioxane 1559.27
    methyl acetate 1068.92
    THF 3213.95
    2-butanone 1664.11
    n-pentanol 396.82
    sec-butanol 619.89
    n-hexane 323.63
    ethylene glycol 15.07
    NMP 2520.24
    cyclohexane 1282.62
    DMSO 1538.03
    n-butyl acetate 1936.7
    n-octanol 380.78
    chloroform 3575.81
    n-propyl acetate 2035.43
    acetic acid 395.79
    dichloromethane 3819.13
    cyclohexanone 4251.15
    propylene glycol 57.8
    isopropyl acetate 1686.4
    DMAc 1965.98
    2-ethoxyethanol 624.73
    isopentanol 723.15
    n-heptane 273.73
    ethyl formate 733.65
    1,2-dichloroethane 2880.91
    n-hexanol 406.21
    2-methoxyethanol 736.63
    isobutyl acetate 1230.95
    tetrachloromethane 914.03
    n-pentyl acetate 1991.46
    transcutol 2752.56
    n-heptanol 324.43
    ethylbenzene 500.67
    MIBK 1483.92
    2-propoxyethanol 714.06
    tert-butanol 863.07
    MTBE 1643.33
    2-butoxyethanol 726.74
    propionic acid 506.43
    o-xylene 575.17
    formic acid 50.33
    diethyl ether 1516.23
    m-xylene 524.74
    p-xylene 770.94
    chlorobenzene 1196.55
    dimethyl carbonate 288.51
    n-octane 103.88
    formamide 128.72
    cyclopentanone 3532.11
    2-pentanone 1883.58
    anisole 898.94
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 2303.86
    gamma-butyrolactone 2967.07
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 854.22
    pyridine 1947.21
    3-pentanone 1450.42
    furfural 1797.31
    n-dodecane 51.41
    diethylene glycol 219.08
    diisopropyl ether 693.46
    tert-amyl alcohol 898.26
    acetylacetone 1864.84
    n-hexadecane 66.54
    acetophenone 1034.98
    methyl propionate 1183.2
    isopentyl acetate 1734.86
    trichloroethylene 4156.79
    n-nonanol 374.98
    cyclohexanol 1317.91
    benzyl alcohol 485.58
    2-ethylhexanol 518.14
    isooctanol 380.27
    dipropyl ether 1409.19
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 1368.89
    ethyl lactate 460.49
    propylene carbonate 1628.65
    n-methylformamide 504.77
    2-pentanol 581.65
    n-pentane 196.73
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 881.78
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 1355.84
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 601.15
    mesitylene 427.34
    ε-caprolactone 3207.66
    p-cymene 388.28
    epichlorohydrin 2933.01
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 3169.6
    2-aminoethanol 85.83
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 1884.13
    sulfolane 3695.45
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 137.31
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 3024.7
    n-hexyl acetate 1852.48
    isooctane 90.46
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 872.93
    sec-butyl acetate 1523.53
    tert-butyl acetate 1988.47
    decalin 334.64
    glycerin 88.44
    diglyme 2020.3
    acrylic acid 283.93
    isopropyl myristate 591.18
    n-butyric acid 1390.76
    acetyl acetate 1016.15
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 360.25
    ethyl propionate 1713.61
    nitromethane 1098.14
    1,2-diethoxyethane 1750.57
    benzonitrile 899.69
    trioctyl phosphate 298.54
    1-bromopropane 2021.92
    gamma-valerolactone 3760.06
    n-decanol 236.54
    triethyl phosphate 641.14
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 406.23
    propionitrile 776.18
    vinylene carbonate 1166.2
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 1535.23
    DMS 846.28
    cumene 349.9
    2-octanol 360.65
    2-hexanone 1578.07
    octyl acetate 678.3
    limonene 843.58
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 2101.0
    ethyl orthosilicate 640.99
    tributyl phosphate 441.47
    diacetone alcohol 1280.58
    N,N-dimethylaniline 627.87
    acrylonitrile 698.35
    aniline 633.63
    1,3-propanediol 227.66
    bromobenzene 1519.84
    dibromomethane 2715.53
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 3998.49
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 1154.04
    tetrabutyl urea 645.58
    diisobutyl methanol 402.86
    2-phenylethanol 460.07
    styrene 641.78
    dioctyl adipate 845.21
    dimethyl sulfate 603.77
    ethyl butyrate 1845.84
    methyl lactate 328.87
    butyl lactate 909.1
    diethyl carbonate 858.33
    propanediol butyl ether 512.06
    triethyl orthoformate 1194.67
    p-tert-butyltoluene 353.35
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 933.1
    morpholine 2309.3
    tert-butylamine 655.05
    n-dodecanol 172.88
    dimethoxymethane 941.22
    ethylene carbonate 1240.82
    cyrene 613.46
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 1590.1
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 1501.81
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 1478.2
    4-methylpyridine 1919.5
    dibutyl ether 1464.14
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 402.86
    DEF 2318.24
    dimethyl isosorbide 1381.63
    tetrachloroethylene 2609.36
    eugenol 649.71
    triacetin 1359.01
    span 80 673.25
    1,4-butanediol 93.12
    1,1-dichloroethane 2643.36
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 499.22
    methyl formate 322.61
    2-methyl-1-butanol 643.32
    n-decane 128.9
    butyronitrile 1055.85
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 454.94
    1-chlorooctane 619.65
    1-chlorotetradecane 182.82
    n-nonane 134.78
    undecane 74.18
    tert-butylcyclohexane 240.13
    cyclooctane 274.83
    cyclopentanol 1163.61
    tetrahydropyran 3193.71
    tert-amyl methyl ether 1353.37
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 1094.31
    1-hexene 724.63
    2-isopropoxyethanol 622.52
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 169.48
    methyl butyrate 2421.46

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Blackcurrant bud 1 68606-81-5 Ribes nigrum L., fam. Grossulariaceae 0.01%
Buddleia salvifolia concrete Buddleia salvifolia (River plant), fam. Loganiaceae 2.05%
Genet absolute 1 8023-80-1 Spartium junceum L., fam. Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 9.0%
Narcissus tazetta absolute 2 8023-75-4 Narcissus tazetta L., fam. Amaryllidaceae 0.1%
Nigella sativa seed Nigella sativa L., fam. Ranunculaceae 2.8%
Osmanthus absolute 68917-05-5 Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour., fam. Oleaceae 3.4%
Parsley absolute (Egypt) 8000-68-8 Petroselinum crispum (Miller) A.W. Hill (P. sativum Hoffm.), fam. Apiaceae 0.46%
Rose (Bulgaria) 3a 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.05%
Yuzu (Japan) 2 Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka, fam. Rutaceae 0.16%
Rosa rugosa Rosa rugosa Thunb., var. plena Regel, fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Apple flower Malus arnoldiana (Rehd) Sarg. var. Redgold, fam. Rosaceae 0.11%
Etrog, leaf Citrus medica L., cultivar ethrog Engl., fam. Rutaceae 3.55%
Orange leaf, sweet (Israel) 3 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Valencia late, fam. Rutaceae 5.57%
Orange leaf, sweet (Israel) 1 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Jaffa (Shamouti), fam. Rutaceae 3.54%
Orange leaf, sweet (Israel) 2 Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, cultivar Ruby (Blood orange), fam. Rutaceae 6.77%
Hedychium coronarium flower (Japan) Hedychium coronarium Koenig, fam. Zingiberaceae 0.06%
Mandarin leaf (Petitgrain mandarin.) (Israel) 1 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Balady, fam. Rutaceae 1.83%
Mandarin leaf (Petitgrain mandarin.) (Israel) 2 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Yussuf Effendy, fam. Rutaceae 2.31%
Mandarin leaf (Petitgrain mandarin.) (Israel) 3 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Dancy, fam. Rutaceae 2.79%
Mandarin leaf (Petitgrain mandarin.) (Israel) 4 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Maya, fam. Rutaceae 6.08%
Mandarin leaf (Petitgrain mandarin.) (Israel) 5 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Clementine, Rutaceae 7.22%
Mandarin leaf (Petitgrain mandarin.) (Israel) 6 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Michal, fam. Rutaceae 4.84%
Mandarin leaf (Petitgrain mandarin.) (Israel) 7 Citrus reticulata Blanco, cultivar Nectarine, fam. Rutaceae 3.36%
Ambrette seed (China) 8015-62-1 Hibiscus abelmoschus L. (Abelmoschus moschatus Moench), fam. Malvaceae 1.35%
Narcissus poeticus absolute 8023-75-4 Narcissus poeticus L., fam. Amaryllidaceae 2.2%
Coriander fruit (Finland) 1 8008-52-4 Coriandrum sativum L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 2.3%
Pistacia lentiscus (Israel) 1b leaf 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 10.36%
Pistacia lentiscus (Israel) 1a fruit 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 8.35%
Carrot seed (Japan) 8015-88-1 Daucus carota L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.21%
Diospyros discolor, fruit peel Diospyros discolor Willd., Ebenaceae (D. blancoi), fam. Ebenaceae 0.8%
Ambrette seed 2 8015-62-1 Hibiscus abelmoschus L. (Abelmoschus moschatus Moench), fam. Malvaceae 0.1%
Ambrette seed 4 8015-62-1 Hibiscus abelmoschus L. (Abelmoschus moschatus Moench), fam. Malvaceae 0.2%
Ambrette seed 3 8015-62-1 Hibiscus abelmoschus L. (Abelmoschus moschatus Moench), fam. Malvaceae 0.1%
Guava leaf 2 91770-12-6 Psidium guajava L., fam. Myrtaceae 1.43%
Genet absolute 2 8023-80-1 Spartium junceum L., fam. Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 1.9%
Cinnamomum appelianum Cinnamomum appelianum Schewe, fam. Lauraceae 2.72%
Elaeagnus angustifolia flower absolute (China) Elaeagnus angustifolia L., fam. Elaeagnaceae 6.24%
Dendranthema vestitum flower absolute (China) Dendranthema vestitum (Hemsl.) Ling ex Shih, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 3.05%
Couroupita guaianensis flower (Malaysia) Couroupita guianensis Auble, fam. Lecythidaceae 1.4%
Lawsonia inermis flower 1b Lawsonia inermis L. (syn. L. alba Lam.), fam. Lytraceae 1.1%
Indian curry leaf tree (flower) Murraya koenigii Spreng., fam. Rutaceae 3.5%
Rose (Bulgaria) 3b 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.02%
Astrocarium vulgare fruit Astrocarium vulgare Mart., fam. Arecaceae 1.9%
Helichrysum stoechas (France) 8023-85-8 Helichrysum stoechas L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.01%
Wartara (India) 2 seed Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (Z. alatum Roxb.), fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Datura flower headspace (Japan) Datura candida (Pers.), fam. Solanaceae 0.66%
Mango (India) 1a cv. Langra 90063-86-8 Mangifera indica L. cv. Langra, fam. Anacardiaceae 2.5%
Kewda (India) Pandanus fascicularis Lam., var. fascilarris, fam. Pandanaceae 0.03%
Geranium (Cuba) 8000-46-2 Pelargonium species, fam. Geraniaceae 0.8%
Pineapple pulp Ananas comosus (L.) Merr., fam. Bromeliaceae 0.07%