alpha-Guaiene

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    3691-12-1

    Molecular formula
    C15H24

    SMILES
    C[C@H]1CC[C@H](CC2=C1CC[C@@H]2C)C(=C)C

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 1438.67
    • Carbowax: 1596.25

  • Odor profile

    Woody 80.93%
    Sweet 68.31%
    Spicy 50.64%
    Balsamic 46.44%
    Citrus 45.7%
    Terpenic 44.78%
    Herbal 43.62%
    Fresh 40.38%
    Dry 38.37%
    Oily 37.44%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    4.6

    Molecular weight
    204.35 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Slow

    Boiling point est.
    276°C

    Flash point est.
    78.33 ˚C

  • Synonyms

    • alpha-Guaiene
    • 3691-12-1
    • Guaia-1(5),11-diene
    • DTXSID5052046
    • CHEBI:63443
    • (1S,4S,7R)-1,4-dimethyl-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroazulene
    • (1S,4S,7R)-1,4-dimethyl-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroazulene
    • a-Guaiene (>85%)
    • Alpha-Guaiene (>85%)
    • alpha-guaiene,guaia-1(5),11-diene,[1S-(1a,4a,7a)]-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-azulene
    • Azulene, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, (1S,4S,7R)-
    • Azulene, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [1S-(1.alpha.,4.alpha.,7.alpha.)]-
    • ABQ2CB7VAC
    • Guaia-1(5),11-diene; (1S,4S,7R)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)azulene; 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-[1S-(1alpha,4alpha,7alpha)] azulene
    • DTXCID0030613
    • 7-Isopropenyl-1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroazulene-, [1S-(1.alpha.,4.alpha.,7.alpha.)]-
    • HY-W587956
    • C20161
    • Q5613309

  • Applications

    Alpha-guaiene (CAS 3691-12-1) is a natural sesquiterpene with woody, smoky, warm-spicy facets, used mainly in the fragrance and personal care industry to build and modulate patchouli/agarwood notes in fine fragrance, mists, soaps, hair and skin care, and household detergents; in foods and beverages, at trace levels it serves as a woody–earthy flavor modifier that deepens base notes in confections, baked goods, herbal teas, and alcoholic drinks; in research and analytics it functions as a chemical marker and GC–MS/HPLC reference standard for authenticity, origin and purity assessment of essential oils (e.g., patchouli, agarwood) and as a probe for sesquiterpene biosynthesis (guaiene synthase) and bio-based production in engineered yeast/bacteria; in aroma chemistry α-guaiene is a versatile starting material for transformations such as oxidation, epoxidation or hydrogenation to generate more stable or differently nuanced fragrance ingredients; it is also being studied for biological activities (antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory) and for potential plant-derived insect repellent/insecticidal uses, although such applications remain evidence- and regulation-dependent; technically, because it is oxygen-sensitive, it is typically stored under inert conditions, protected from light with antioxidants to maintain formulation stability, and its use should comply with IFRA guidance and local regulations.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 563.52
    methanol 244.98
    isopropanol 691.88
    water 0.1
    ethyl acetate 1208.64
    n-propanol 659.95
    acetone 912.32
    n-butanol 782.77
    acetonitrile 679.09
    DMF 607.06
    toluene 1622.11
    isobutanol 530.84
    1,4-dioxane 2493.9
    methyl acetate 799.23
    THF 3724.82
    2-butanone 1079.24
    n-pentanol 454.65
    sec-butanol 567.01
    n-hexane 283.66
    ethylene glycol 24.91
    NMP 535.65
    cyclohexane 715.9
    DMSO 411.48
    n-butyl acetate 2111.74
    n-octanol 417.01
    chloroform 2769.37
    n-propyl acetate 724.65
    acetic acid 220.72
    dichloromethane 2630.23
    cyclohexanone 1649.58
    propylene glycol 67.98
    isopropyl acetate 940.8
    DMAc 510.5
    2-ethoxyethanol 348.26
    isopentanol 686.02
    n-heptane 562.31
    ethyl formate 558.45
    1,2-dichloroethane 1366.59
    n-hexanol 1073.95
    2-methoxyethanol 529.7
    isobutyl acetate 631.24
    tetrachloromethane 632.83
    n-pentyl acetate 811.3
    transcutol 1774.89
    n-heptanol 409.37
    ethylbenzene 627.79
    MIBK 747.33
    2-propoxyethanol 923.7
    tert-butanol 834.23
    MTBE 1416.92
    2-butoxyethanol 489.0
    propionic acid 275.49
    o-xylene 667.99
    formic acid 25.4
    diethyl ether 1576.36
    m-xylene 892.08
    p-xylene 783.01
    chlorobenzene 1147.39
    dimethyl carbonate 232.32
    n-octane 152.12
    formamide 62.87
    cyclopentanone 1681.59
    2-pentanone 1033.58
    anisole 842.72
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 1394.68
    gamma-butyrolactone 1269.0
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 559.78
    pyridine 2061.08
    3-pentanone 723.9
    furfural 818.79
    n-dodecane 93.5
    diethylene glycol 293.06
    diisopropyl ether 564.94
    tert-amyl alcohol 563.19
    acetylacetone 941.17
    n-hexadecane 112.09
    acetophenone 624.04
    methyl propionate 617.73
    isopentyl acetate 1665.33
    trichloroethylene 2093.41
    n-nonanol 388.64
    cyclohexanol 761.52
    benzyl alcohol 441.79
    2-ethylhexanol 806.28
    isooctanol 371.64
    dipropyl ether 1726.34
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 838.56
    ethyl lactate 175.22
    propylene carbonate 775.41
    n-methylformamide 238.61
    2-pentanol 537.57
    n-pentane 305.19
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 894.86
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 1086.19
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 479.1
    mesitylene 537.02
    ε-caprolactone 1185.23
    p-cymene 604.93
    epichlorohydrin 1478.44
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 1526.77
    2-aminoethanol 91.12
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 746.18
    sulfolane 759.86
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 123.05
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 2425.62
    n-hexyl acetate 924.27
    isooctane 142.25
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 680.04
    sec-butyl acetate 574.05
    tert-butyl acetate 956.54
    decalin 222.16
    glycerin 76.3
    diglyme 1425.31
    acrylic acid 161.25
    isopropyl myristate 436.41
    n-butyric acid 757.69
    acetyl acetate 688.13
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 311.71
    ethyl propionate 599.16
    nitromethane 416.43
    1,2-diethoxyethane 1666.94
    benzonitrile 885.18
    trioctyl phosphate 239.06
    1-bromopropane 1433.82
    gamma-valerolactone 1408.36
    n-decanol 285.76
    triethyl phosphate 332.98
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 381.93
    propionitrile 872.62
    vinylene carbonate 691.71
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 453.37
    DMS 493.85
    cumene 392.97
    2-octanol 315.02
    2-hexanone 724.33
    octyl acetate 482.52
    limonene 813.7
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 1248.31
    ethyl orthosilicate 368.69
    tributyl phosphate 295.62
    diacetone alcohol 551.68
    N,N-dimethylaniline 500.53
    acrylonitrile 673.77
    aniline 835.92
    1,3-propanediol 261.82
    bromobenzene 1419.22
    dibromomethane 1917.57
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 1434.56
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 721.25
    tetrabutyl urea 380.29
    diisobutyl methanol 503.12
    2-phenylethanol 725.13
    styrene 745.53
    dioctyl adipate 486.31
    dimethyl sulfate 220.63
    ethyl butyrate 1190.2
    methyl lactate 157.99
    butyl lactate 368.61
    diethyl carbonate 629.76
    propanediol butyl ether 327.93
    triethyl orthoformate 729.25
    p-tert-butyltoluene 571.14
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 534.18
    morpholine 2256.25
    tert-butylamine 738.23
    n-dodecanol 226.25
    dimethoxymethane 805.17
    ethylene carbonate 678.46
    cyrene 342.89
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 884.78
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 1358.89
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 866.34
    4-methylpyridine 1888.67
    dibutyl ether 1024.69
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 503.12
    DEF 772.45
    dimethyl isosorbide 989.54
    tetrachloroethylene 954.51
    eugenol 399.14
    triacetin 539.78
    span 80 483.2
    1,4-butanediol 86.93
    1,1-dichloroethane 1533.82
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 430.79
    methyl formate 202.66
    2-methyl-1-butanol 537.83
    n-decane 171.07
    butyronitrile 1165.86
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 470.32
    1-chlorooctane 469.56
    1-chlorotetradecane 187.0
    n-nonane 178.3
    undecane 119.09
    tert-butylcyclohexane 195.63
    cyclooctane 256.05
    cyclopentanol 675.76
    tetrahydropyran 3317.43
    tert-amyl methyl ether 736.9
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 874.3
    1-hexene 736.57
    2-isopropoxyethanol 327.54
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 69.84
    methyl butyrate 744.51

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Alpinia chinensis (China) Alpinia chinensis Rosc., fam. Zingiberaceae 2.3%
Amomum villosum (China) 1f fruit Amomum villosum Lour., fam. Zingiberaceae 0.01%
Amomum villosum (China) 1g leaf Amomum villosum Lour., fam. Zingiberaceae 1.3%
Amomum villosum (China) 1c Amomum villosum Lour., fam. Zingiberaceae 0.05%
Amomum villosum (China) 1d Amomum villosum Lour., fam. Zingiberaceae 0.3%
Basil (Nigeria) 1 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.3%
Basil (Nigeria) 2 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Ginger (Malaysia) 8007-08-7 Zingiber officinale Roscoe, fam. Zingiberaceae 0.24%
Hinoki root Chamaecyparis obtusa (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endl., fam. Cupressaceae 0.39%
Hinoki wood Chamaecyparis obtusa (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endl., fam. Cupressaceae 0.12%
Patchouli (Indonesia, Sumatra) 2 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth. (P. patchouli Pellet), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 11.48%
Patchouli (Indonesia, Sumatra) 1 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth. (P. patchouli Pellet), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 14.15%
Patchouli (Vietnam) 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 13.43%
Pinus pinaster (France) 8000-26-8 Pinus pinaster Ait., fam. Pinaceae 0.01%
Rose (Turkey) 6 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.51%
Rose (Bulgaria) 3a 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.35%
Thymus 'Pinewood' Thymus 'Pinewood' cv. nov., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.92%
Aframomum daniellii Aframomum daniellii (Hook f.) K. Schum., fam. Zingiberaceae 1.2%
Aframomum sulcatum Aframomum sulcatum (Oliv. and Hanb.) K. Schum., fam. Zingiberaceae 26.7%
Pistacia lentiscus (Spain) 1a leaf 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.32%
Pistacia lentiscus (Spain) 1c ripe fruit 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.04%
Guaiacwood 1 8016-23-7 Bulnesia sarmienti Lorentz ex Griseb, fam. Zygophyllaceae 0.8%
Geranium (Rwanda) 8000-46-2 Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. ex Aiton, fam. Geraniaceae 0.45%
Olibanum, African (Somalia) 2 8016-36-2 Boswellia frereana Birdwood, fam. Burseraceae 0.06%
Pepper, black 6 8006-82-4 Piper nigrum L., fam. Piperaceae 0.01%
Patchouli (Indonesia) 1 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 15.0%
Rose (Bulgaria) 2 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.16%
Myrtle flower (Spain) 8008-46-6 Myrtus communis L., fam. Myrtaceae 0.12%
Patchouli (India) 1 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Patchouli (Indonesia, Java) 1 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 13.52%
Patchouli (Indonesia, Sumatra) 3 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 11.48%
Patchouli (West India) 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 15.64%
Patchouli (Costa Rica) 8014-09-3 Pogostemon cablin Benth., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 11.68%
Thymus satureoides (Morocco) 8007-46-3 Thymus satureoides Boiss. et Reut., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.5%
Ginger (Japan) 1 8007-08-7 Zingiber officinale Roscoe, fam. Zingiberaceae 0.05%
Hyptis suaveolens (India) 1 Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.6%
Curcuma aeruginosa (Indonesia) Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., fam. Zingiberaceae 1.8%
Curcuma heyneana (Indonesia) Curcuma heyneana Val., fam. Zingiberaceae 1.3%
Grape flower 84929-27-1 Vitis vinifera L., ssp. Gruener Veltliner, fam. Vitaceae 0.4%
Armoise (Morocco) 8008-93-3 Artemisia herba-alba Asso, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 3.1%
Eucalyptus maidenii (Burundi) Eucalyptus maidenii F. Muell., fam. Myrtaceae 0.1%
Annual wormwood (France) 84775-74-6 Artemisia annua L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 2.96%
Pepper, black (India) 1 8006-82-4 Piper nigrum L., fam. Piperaceae 0.1%
Hyptis suaveolens (India) 2 Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.5%
Agarwood 2 Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., fam. Thymelaeaceae 0.05%
Agarwood smoke 1 Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., fam. Thymelaeaceae 0.01%
Geranium (China, Yunnan) 5 8000-46-2 Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. ex Aiton, fam. Geraniaceae 1.6%
Geranium (China, Beijing) 8000-46-2 Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. ex Aiton, fam. Geraniaceae 3.0%
Geranium (China, Chengdu) 8000-46-2 Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. ex Aiton, fam. Geraniaceae 4.5%
Citronella ceylon (China) 8000-29-1 Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, fam. Poaceae (Gramineae) 1.85%