Menthofuran

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    494-90-6

    Molecular formula
    C10H14O

    SMILES
    CC1CCC2=C(C1)OC=C2C

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Environmental Hazard
    Environmental

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 1164.0
    • Carbowax: 1488.0

  • Odor profile

    Sweet 63.97%
    Herbal 61.75%
    Earthy 51.16%
    Musty 50.62%
    Mint 49.96%
    Tobacco 43.47%
    Phenolic 39.83%
    Nutty 39.39%
    Fatty 38.44%
    Camphoreous 38.43%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    3.0

    pKa est.
    8.15 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    150.22 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderate

    Melting point expt.

    • 86.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

    Boiling point

    • 80.00 to 82.00 °C. @ 13.00 mm Hg

    Flash point est.
    78.19 ˚C

    Solubility expt.

    • insoluble in water; soluble in oils
    • miscible (in ethanol)

  • Synonyms

    • Menthofuran
    • 494-90-6
    • Menthofurane
    • 3,6-Dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran
    • 3,9-Epoxy-p-mentha-3,8-diene
    • BENZOFURAN, 4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDRO-3,6-DIMETHYL-
    • p-Mentha-3,8-diene, 3,9-epoxy-
    • 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran
    • 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylcoumarone
    • EINECS 207-795-5
    • UNII-LK024V9U3C
    • NSC 315249
    • LK024V9U3C
    • DTXSID9025534
    • CHEBI:50542
    • 3,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuran
    • NSC-315249
    • DTXCID005534
    • MENTHOFURAN, (+/-)-
    • FEMA No. 3235
    • 3,9-Epoxy-(+)-p-Mentha-3,8-diene
    • (R)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran
    • 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-(R)-Benzofuran
    • 4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDRO-3,6-DIMETHYL-BENZOFURAN
    • (S)-3,6-Dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuran
    • (R)-(+)-Menthofuran
    • MFCD00041851
    • (+/-)-menthofuran
    • 3,8-diene
    • 4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDRO-3,6-DIMETHYLBENZOFURAN [FHFI]
    • p-Mentha-3, 3,9-epoxy-
    • SCHEMBL1472618
    • CHEMBL1522900
    • ALBB-025049
    • HY-N9484
    • Tox21_200722
    • BDBM50418084
    • NSC315249
    • AKOS015906818
    • SB47674
    • NCGC00090822-01
    • NCGC00090822-02
    • NCGC00258276-01
    • AS-76978
    • CAS-494-90-6
    • FD132661
    • DB-065282
    • Benzofuran,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-
    • NS00013203
    • 3,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzofuran
    • C09868
    • G77589
    • 3,6-Dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]furan
    • 3,6-Dimethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran #
    • Q6817554
    • 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran, >=95%

  • Applications

    Menthofuran (CAS 494-90-6) is a furan-containing monoterpene occurring at trace levels in mint species and notably linked to pennyroyal oil; in practice it is used primarily as an analytical reference standard to quantify/monitor the pulegone–menthofuran pair in essential oils, foods, dietary supplements, and mint botanicals by GC-MS/LC-MS for quality control and adulteration screening; as a benchmark in flavor research to profile and reconstruct mint aroma in model systems, while direct use in food/cosmetic formulations is tightly restricted due to hepatotoxicity; as a probe compound in toxicology and ADME studies to investigate cytochrome P450-mediated bioactivation, glutathione trapping of reactive metabolites, protein adduct mapping, time-dependent P450 inhibition, and in vitro/in vivo liver injury models; as a biomarker in forensic/toxicological assessments of pennyroyal exposure; and as a chiral building block/intermediate in organic synthesis of terpenoid derivatives, oxidized menthane scaffolds, and exploratory therapeutics, all under stringent handling and waste-control practices.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 1150.06
    methanol 968.39
    isopropanol 904.43
    water 1.91
    ethyl acetate 920.58
    n-propanol 889.93
    acetone 863.18
    n-butanol 821.11
    acetonitrile 1460.59
    DMF 734.47
    toluene 797.56
    isobutanol 680.68
    1,4-dioxane 2018.54
    methyl acetate 871.97
    THF 1634.08
    2-butanone 866.04
    n-pentanol 540.37
    sec-butanol 690.88
    n-hexane 156.64
    ethylene glycol 115.92
    NMP 494.03
    cyclohexane 314.9
    DMSO 397.44
    n-butyl acetate 932.73
    n-octanol 415.38
    chloroform 3435.72
    n-propyl acetate 542.47
    acetic acid 533.48
    dichloromethane 3177.43
    cyclohexanone 1132.49
    propylene glycol 195.1
    isopropyl acetate 518.64
    DMAc 462.19
    2-ethoxyethanol 564.39
    isopentanol 693.09
    n-heptane 162.06
    ethyl formate 759.15
    1,2-dichloroethane 1256.75
    n-hexanol 909.92
    2-methoxyethanol 848.19
    isobutyl acetate 388.1
    tetrachloromethane 624.5
    n-pentyl acetate 472.65
    transcutol 1929.91
    n-heptanol 335.22
    ethylbenzene 363.3
    MIBK 435.52
    2-propoxyethanol 989.02
    tert-butanol 763.67
    MTBE 809.47
    2-butoxyethanol 495.26
    propionic acid 474.07
    o-xylene 390.56
    formic acid 150.31
    diethyl ether 1027.85
    m-xylene 458.16
    p-xylene 488.24
    chlorobenzene 900.04
    dimethyl carbonate 248.38
    n-octane 74.66
    formamide 267.27
    cyclopentanone 906.61
    2-pentanone 689.42
    anisole 574.81
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 726.36
    gamma-butyrolactone 996.14
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 579.3
    pyridine 1484.84
    3-pentanone 496.76
    furfural 915.89
    n-dodecane 69.07
    diethylene glycol 506.24
    diisopropyl ether 299.91
    tert-amyl alcohol 596.93
    acetylacetone 592.61
    n-hexadecane 78.63
    acetophenone 433.74
    methyl propionate 555.26
    isopentyl acetate 758.02
    trichloroethylene 2239.85
    n-nonanol 337.58
    cyclohexanol 650.6
    benzyl alcohol 452.22
    2-ethylhexanol 477.0
    isooctanol 276.34
    dipropyl ether 557.83
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 692.1
    ethyl lactate 201.9
    propylene carbonate 683.21
    n-methylformamide 546.24
    2-pentanol 510.68
    n-pentane 178.12
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 645.73
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 569.07
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 471.47
    mesitylene 280.62
    ε-caprolactone 886.95
    p-cymene 259.52
    epichlorohydrin 1341.07
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 1264.61
    2-aminoethanol 301.81
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 818.47
    sulfolane 585.23
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 85.86
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 1217.48
    n-hexyl acetate 678.81
    isooctane 84.19
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 687.86
    sec-butyl acetate 348.53
    tert-butyl acetate 441.53
    decalin 115.88
    glycerin 204.59
    diglyme 1125.82
    acrylic acid 345.79
    isopropyl myristate 281.02
    n-butyric acid 828.98
    acetyl acetate 473.2
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 245.42
    ethyl propionate 421.37
    nitromethane 839.65
    1,2-diethoxyethane 965.8
    benzonitrile 882.65
    trioctyl phosphate 175.18
    1-bromopropane 1034.17
    gamma-valerolactone 1136.26
    n-decanol 257.22
    triethyl phosphate 182.66
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 303.18
    propionitrile 1089.52
    vinylene carbonate 732.21
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 527.04
    DMS 404.84
    cumene 253.04
    2-octanol 262.65
    2-hexanone 502.83
    octyl acetate 336.2
    limonene 331.92
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 971.16
    ethyl orthosilicate 192.68
    tributyl phosphate 221.31
    diacetone alcohol 381.97
    N,N-dimethylaniline 344.33
    acrylonitrile 1071.22
    aniline 700.05
    1,3-propanediol 490.01
    bromobenzene 1027.03
    dibromomethane 2134.96
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 1422.24
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 367.31
    tetrabutyl urea 256.64
    diisobutyl methanol 241.45
    2-phenylethanol 562.86
    styrene 457.47
    dioctyl adipate 326.15
    dimethyl sulfate 203.53
    ethyl butyrate 534.5
    methyl lactate 203.97
    butyl lactate 293.05
    diethyl carbonate 352.41
    propanediol butyl ether 402.93
    triethyl orthoformate 324.27
    p-tert-butyltoluene 230.78
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 378.7
    morpholine 1695.06
    tert-butylamine 609.58
    n-dodecanol 209.45
    dimethoxymethane 702.2
    ethylene carbonate 660.27
    cyrene 301.65
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 614.65
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 582.71
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 690.5
    4-methylpyridine 1361.95
    dibutyl ether 555.98
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 241.45
    DEF 605.55
    dimethyl isosorbide 646.87
    tetrachloroethylene 1009.71
    eugenol 375.43
    triacetin 440.92
    span 80 428.47
    1,4-butanediol 207.33
    1,1-dichloroethane 1536.1
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 500.23
    methyl formate 471.37
    2-methyl-1-butanol 605.76
    n-decane 109.1
    butyronitrile 1255.27
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 368.43
    1-chlorooctane 324.81
    1-chlorotetradecane 143.35
    n-nonane 108.27
    undecane 83.7
    tert-butylcyclohexane 109.57
    cyclooctane 112.75
    cyclopentanol 596.81
    tetrahydropyran 1590.73
    tert-amyl methyl ether 449.62
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 732.58
    1-hexene 479.24
    2-isopropoxyethanol 424.02
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 178.3
    methyl butyrate 552.92

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Eucalyptus globulus (Hungary) fruit 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.62%
Hedeoma mandoniana Hedeoma mandoniana Wedd, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Hortensis leaf Euodia hortensis forma hortensis, fam. Saxifragaceae (Hydrangea) 54.0%
Hortensis flower Euodia hortensis forma hortensis, fam. Saxifragaceae (Hydrangea) 7.0%
Mentha aquatica (Greece) Mentha aquatica (L.), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 51.2%
Mentha aquatica var. hypeurica (Italy) 1 Mentha aquatica (L.) var. hypeuria Briq., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 58.5%
Mentha aquatica var. hypeurica (Italy) 2 Mentha aquatica (L.) var. hypeuria Briq., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 55.21%
Cornmint (Mentha arvensis) (Italy) 1 68917-18-0 Mentha arvensis (L.) var. piperascens Malinv., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.99%
Cornmint (Mentha arvensis) (Italy) 2 68917-18-0 Mentha arvensis (L.) var. piperascens Malinv., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.22%
Cornmint (Mentha arvensis) (Italy) 3 68917-18-0 Mentha arvensis (L.) var. piperascens Malinv., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.48%
Mentha denticulata (Italy) Mentha denticulata Strail (sensu Fiori), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 38.96%
Mentha gentilis var. lanata Mentha gentilis (L.) var. lanata (Rydb.) Fujita et Fujita, fam. Lamiaceae 14.0%
Mentha longifolia (Italy) 90063-99-3 Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.19%
Mentha requienii 1 Mentha requienii Bentham, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.3%
Mentha requienii 2 Mentha requienii Bentham, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.5%
Mentha x dumetorum (Greece) Mentha x dumetorum, fam Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 28.9%
Mentha x spicata (Greece) Mentha x spicata L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 12.0%
Minthostachys andina Minthostachys andina (Brett) Epling, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Cornmint (Mentha arvensis) 68917-18-0 Mentha arvensis (L.) var. piperascens Malinv., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.13%
Pennyroyal 1 8013-99-8 Mentha pulegium L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.15%
Pennyroyal 2 8013-99-8 Mentha pulegium L. (C.R. variety), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Pennyroyal 3 8013-99-8 Mentha pulegium L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.02%
Pennyroyal 4 8013-99-8 Mentha pulegium L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.8%
Peppermint (USA) 3 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.2%
Peppermint (France) 4 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. cultivar Mitcham, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.09%
Peppermint (France) 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. cultivar Mitcham, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.09%
Peppermint (France) 2 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. cultivar Hongroise, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Peppermint (France) 3 8006-90-4 Mentha officinalis Sole forma Pallescens Camus, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.0%
Peppermint (Italy) 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. rubescens Camus (Spicatae section). fam. Lamiaceae 4.17%
Peppermint (Italy) 2 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. rubescens Camus (Spicatae section), fam. Lamiaceae 3.22%
Peppermint (Italy) 3 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. rubescens Camus (Spicatae section), fam. Lamiaceae 6.21%
Peppermint (Italy) 4 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. nothomorph pallescens Camus, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 13.46%
Peppermint 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. cultivar Mitcham, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 6.0%
Mentha arvensis, Glabrata Ray variety Mentha arvensis (L.) var. glabrata Ray, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.1%
Peppermint (India) 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.7%
Peppermint 3 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.9%
Peppermint (Greece) 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.2%
Peppermint (Italy) 5 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. nothomorph rubescens Camus, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 5.15%
Peppermint headspace 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.4%
Peppermint (Greece) 2 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 1.2%
Peppermint (USA) 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L. cultivar Mitcham, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 2.0%
Scullcap Scutellaria lateriflora L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Ziziphora hispanica Ziziphora hispanica L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.44%
Ziziphora tenuior (Turkey) Ziziphora tenuior L.(Z.acutifolia Montbret & Aucher ex Bentham), Lamiaceae 0.06%
Mentha x verticillata (chemotype I) Mentha x verticillata L. (Chemotype I), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.2%
Mentha x verticillata (chemotype II) Mentha x verticillata L. (Chemotype II), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Mentha x verticillata (chemotype III) Mentha x verticillata L. (Chemotype III), fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Peppermint (Canada) 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 6.55%
Peppermint 2 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.75%
Peppermint (Greece) 3 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 16.0%