1-Butanol

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    71-36-3

    Molecular formula
    C4H10O

    SMILES
    CCCCO

    Safety labels

    Flammable
    Flammable

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 671.5
    • Carbowax: 1142.43

  • Odor profile

    Sweet 88.38%
    Alcoholic 79.93%
    Fermented 72.72%
    Ethereal 70.06%
    Solvent 67.94%
    Oily 60.1%
    Winey 59.16%
    Fruity 49.42%
    Musty 45.91%
    Pungent 41.21%

    Scent© AI

    Odor threshold

    • Odor Threshold Low: 0.12 [mmHg]. Odor Threshold High: 11.0 [mmHg]. Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 1.2 ppm)
    • Water odor threshold: 7.1 mg/L. Air odor threshold: 0.83 ppm. Odor safety class: B. B= odor safety factor 26-550. 50-90% of distracted persons perceive warning of TLV.
    • 2.50 ppm (detection in water, chemically pure)
    • 2.77 ppm (detection in air, chemically pure)
    • 2.88 ppm (detection in air, chemically pure)
    • For more Odor Threshold (Complete) data for N-BUTYL ALCOHOL (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.9

    pKa est.
    9.01 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    74.12 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra fast

    Melting point expt.

    • -129 °F (USCG, 1999)
    • -89.8 °C
    • -88.6 °C
    • -90 °C
    • -129 °F

    Boiling point

    • 243.9 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)
    • 117.7 °C
    • 117.6 °C
    • 117 °C
    • 243 °F

    Flash point est.
    28.81 ˚C

    Flash point expt.

    • 84 °F (USCG, 1999)
    • 37 °C
    • 98 °F, 37 °C (closed cup)
    • Flash point: 28.89 degrees C, closed cup
    • 29 °C c.c.
    • 84 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • 9 % (NIOSH, 2024)
    • 63200 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • For more Solubility (Complete) data for N-BUTYL ALCOHOL (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
    • In water, 68 g/L at 25 °C
    • In water, 6.32X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C
    • Miscible with many organic solvents
    • Very soluble in acetone; miscible with ethanol and ethyl ether
    • > 10% in benzene
    • 63.2 mg/mL at 25 °C
    • Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 7.7 (soluble)
    • miscible with alcohol, ether, organic solvents, 1 ml in 15 ml water
    • 9%

  • Synonyms

    • 1-butanol
    • butanol
    • Butan-1-ol
    • n-butanol
    • 71-36-3
    • Butyl alcohol
    • n-butyl alcohol
    • 1-hydroxybutane
    • Propylcarbinol
    • Butyl hydroxide
    • Methylolpropane
    • Propylmethanol
    • Hemostyp
    • n-Butan-1-ol
    • Butyric alcohol
    • 1-Butyl alcohol
    • Butanolo
    • Propyl carbinol
    • Alcool butylique
    • Butylowy alkohol
    • BuOH
    • Butanolen
    • Normal primary butyl alcohol
    • RCRA waste number U031
    • CCS 203
    • n-Butylalkohol
    • Alcohol, Butyl
    • Butyl alcohol (natural)
    • FEMA No. 2178
    • FEMA Number 2178
    • 1 Butanol
    • 35296-72-1
    • Butyric or normal primary butyl alcohol
    • n-BuOH
    • HSDB 48
    • NSC 62782
    • CCRIS 4321
    • butanol-1
    • EINECS 200-751-6
    • UNII-8PJ61P6TS3
    • MFCD00002964
    • 8PJ61P6TS3
    • Butyl alcohol (NF)
    • Butyl alcohol [NF]
    • ALCOHOL,BUTYL
    • DTXSID1021740
    • CHEBI:28885
    • AI3-00405
    • n-Butyl--d6 Alcohol
    • NSC-62782
    • 1219794-84-9
    • CHEMBL14245
    • DTXCID701740
    • 1-Butanol-4,4,4-d3
    • 64118-16-7
    • EC 200-751-6
    • NCGC00090961-02
    • Butanols
    • 1-BUTANOL-3,3,4,4,4-D5
    • BUTYL ALCOHOL (II)
    • BUTYL ALCOHOL [II]
    • n-Propyl carbinol
    • Butanol [French]
    • Butanolen [Dutch]
    • 1-butanol (n-butyl alcohol)
    • Butanolo [Italian]
    • BUTYL ALCOHOL (MART.)
    • BUTYL ALCOHOL [MART.]
    • VANADIUM TETRABUTOXIDE
    • n-Butanol, Butan-1-ol, 1-Butanol
    • 6167-45-9
    • n Butanol
    • n Butyl Alcohol
    • Alcool butylique [French]
    • Butylowy alkohol [Polish]
    • 1-Butanol, ACS reagent, >=99.4%
    • CAS-71-36-3
    • Alcohol, n-Butyl
    • 1BO
    • Butanol, 1-
    • TRIBUTYL ACETYLCITRATE IMPURITY D (EP IMPURITY)
    • TRIBUTYL ACETYLCITRATE IMPURITY D [EP IMPURITY]
    • RCRA waste no. U031
    • UNII-WB09NY83YA
    • butaneol
    • butylalcohol
    • butan-1-olate,vanadium(4+)
    • butyl-alcohol
    • n-butylalcohol
    • normal butanol
    • 1-butylalcohol
    • n-Propylcarbinol
    • n-Butanolbutanolen
    • nBuOH
    • 1 -butanol
    • 1- butanol
    • 1-n-Butanol
    • 1-Butanol, anhydrous
    • 1-Butanol, for HPLC
    • n-Butanol, HPLC grade
    • 1-Butanol, 99%
    • 1-Butanol, HPLC Grade
    • n-C4H9OH
    • bmse000447
    • 1-butanol (butyl alcohol)
    • 1-Butanol, 99.9%
    • BUTYL ALCOHOL [FCC]
    • WB09NY83YA
    • BUTYL ALCOHOL [FHFI]
    • BUTYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]
    • WLN: Q4
    • 1-BUTANOL [USP-RS]
    • ALCOHOL,BUTYL [VANDF]
    • BIDD:ER0611
    • N-BUTYL ALCOHOL [MI]
    • 1-Butanol, analytical standard
    • 1-Butanol [for HPLC Solvent]
    • 1-Butanol, LR, >=99%
    • BDBM36173
    • 1-Butanol, anhydrous, 99.8%
    • DTXSID20172556
    • MSK6708
    • N-Butanol, ACS, 99.4+%
    • N-BUTYL ALCOHOL [WHO-DD]
    • 1-Butanol [for Spectrophotometry]
    • 1-Butanol, AR, >=99.5%
    • 1-Butanol, for HPLC, 99.8%
    • Butyl alcohol, >=99.9%, FCC

  • Applications

    Butyl alcohol (n-butanol, CAS 71-36-3) is a versatile, mid-boiling organic solvent widely employed in paint and ink formulations for its ability to dissolve alkyd, nitrocellulose, acrylic and urethane resins, enhancing gloss, film durability and open time so coatings self-level smoothly; in plastics and rubber manufacture it serves as diluent for viscosity control and as a feedstock in esterification reactions that produce butyl acrylate, butyl acetate and dibutyl phthalate—key monomers and plasticizers for polymeric materials, adhesives and synthetic fibers; in textile dyeing it acts as a carrier that improves color fastness and uniform shade development; within pharmaceuticals and flavors it is used to purify alkaloids, vitamins and natural extracts, and to impart a mild warming note in food aroma compositions; n-butanol also finds roles in detergents, ink-jet inks, metal-working fluids, antifreeze formulations, electronic printing inks, biofuel production via trans-esterification, and as an extraction solvent for microorganisms in laboratories, valued for its moderate evaporation rate, low odor, wide solubility range, and excellent compatibility with ethanol, ketones, glycol ethers and light hydrocarbons.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 1883.29
    methanol 2881.91
    isopropanol 1054.29
    water 12.98
    ethyl acetate 290.05
    n-propanol 1268.3
    acetone 451.21
    n-butanol 1232.96
    acetonitrile 290.25
    DMF 377.29
    toluene 31.9
    isobutanol 768.14
    1,4-dioxane 536.62
    methyl acetate 224.83
    THF 1080.04
    2-butanone 289.18
    n-pentanol 521.61
    sec-butanol 742.29
    n-hexane 84.6
    ethylene glycol 444.8
    NMP 462.77
    cyclohexane 96.68
    DMSO 912.74
    n-butyl acetate 579.32
    n-octanol 229.72
    chloroform 493.07
    n-propyl acetate 220.23
    acetic acid 1855.9
    dichloromethane 358.39
    cyclohexanone 617.85
    propylene glycol 457.55
    isopropyl acetate 152.72
    DMAc 151.44
    2-ethoxyethanol 467.64
    isopentanol 650.77
    n-heptane 128.67
    ethyl formate 280.72
    1,2-dichloroethane 218.82
    n-hexanol 900.98
    2-methoxyethanol 1052.43
    isobutyl acetate 126.36
    tetrachloromethane 146.07
    n-pentyl acetate 207.96
    transcutol 1297.98
    n-heptanol 299.04
    ethylbenzene 22.94
    MIBK 128.55
    2-propoxyethanol 843.11
    tert-butanol 887.52
    MTBE 222.79
    2-butoxyethanol 447.59
    propionic acid 905.74
    o-xylene 26.61
    formic acid 757.49
    diethyl ether 251.61
    m-xylene 29.38
    p-xylene 36.6
    chlorobenzene 105.86
    dimethyl carbonate 37.65
    n-octane 30.1
    formamide 543.08
    cyclopentanone 624.41
    2-pentanone 264.63
    anisole 75.32
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 365.87
    gamma-butyrolactone 752.14
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 561.73
    pyridine 308.58
    3-pentanone 138.46
    furfural 512.58
    n-dodecane 18.07
    diethylene glycol 660.05
    diisopropyl ether 70.52
    tert-amyl alcohol 563.31
    acetylacetone 203.81
    n-hexadecane 18.94
    acetophenone 79.25
    methyl propionate 167.38
    isopentyl acetate 368.69
    trichloroethylene 416.77
    n-nonanol 190.4
    cyclohexanol 681.98
    benzyl alcohol 115.57
    2-ethylhexanol 459.37
    isooctanol 215.14
    dipropyl ether 351.98
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 97.41
    ethyl lactate 105.4
    propylene carbonate 358.95
    n-methylformamide 471.61
    2-pentanol 539.66
    n-pentane 78.9
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 702.32
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 244.37
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 236.17
    mesitylene 23.01
    ε-caprolactone 506.76
    p-cymene 53.55
    epichlorohydrin 483.17
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 193.35
    2-aminoethanol 833.97
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 427.46
    sulfolane 762.4
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 29.44
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 747.53
    n-hexyl acetate 252.27
    isooctane 24.3
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 435.22
    sec-butyl acetate 108.79
    tert-butyl acetate 155.22
    decalin 28.53
    glycerin 568.86
    diglyme 580.52
    acrylic acid 685.62
    isopropyl myristate 93.15
    n-butyric acid 1233.48
    acetyl acetate 144.25
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 97.42
    ethyl propionate 130.24
    nitromethane 842.58
    1,2-diethoxyethane 352.89
    benzonitrile 160.09
    trioctyl phosphate 88.69
    1-bromopropane 177.38
    gamma-valerolactone 688.05
    n-decanol 135.28
    triethyl phosphate 81.62
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 205.31
    propionitrile 301.73
    vinylene carbonate 276.06
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 502.79
    DMS 102.26
    cumene 25.34
    2-octanol 166.07
    2-hexanone 223.36
    octyl acetate 128.11
    limonene 120.22
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 464.72
    ethyl orthosilicate 89.79
    tributyl phosphate 109.91
    diacetone alcohol 253.89
    N,N-dimethylaniline 49.81
    acrylonitrile 299.76
    aniline 147.38
    1,3-propanediol 1131.4
    bromobenzene 73.04
    dibromomethane 270.46
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 368.63
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 186.8
    tetrabutyl urea 120.11
    diisobutyl methanol 183.66
    2-phenylethanol 189.76
    styrene 31.42
    dioctyl adipate 136.44
    dimethyl sulfate 67.17
    ethyl butyrate 285.25
    methyl lactate 131.47
    butyl lactate 211.24
    diethyl carbonate 127.75
    propanediol butyl ether 371.77
    triethyl orthoformate 178.74
    p-tert-butyltoluene 49.63
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 119.2
    morpholine 798.98
    tert-butylamine 530.87
    n-dodecanol 102.5
    dimethoxymethane 184.7
    ethylene carbonate 247.52
    cyrene 154.47
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 191.15
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 278.13
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 115.0
    4-methylpyridine 199.1
    dibutyl ether 225.54
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 183.66
    DEF 260.52
    dimethyl isosorbide 334.15
    tetrachloroethylene 338.98
    eugenol 157.56
    triacetin 169.57
    span 80 338.11
    1,4-butanediol 334.0
    1,1-dichloroethane 197.06
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 328.93
    methyl formate 241.51
    2-methyl-1-butanol 609.34
    n-decane 32.48
    butyronitrile 388.07
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 204.89
    1-chlorooctane 100.65
    1-chlorotetradecane 35.89
    n-nonane 34.14
    undecane 23.2
    tert-butylcyclohexane 32.51
    cyclooctane 25.54
    cyclopentanol 850.33
    tetrahydropyran 699.97
    tert-amyl methyl ether 153.98
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 381.79
    1-hexene 182.18
    2-isopropoxyethanol 269.25
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 367.72
    methyl butyrate 220.18

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Narcissus tazetta absolute 2 8023-75-4 Narcissus tazetta L., fam. Amaryllidaceae 0.1%
Apple flower Malus arnoldiana (Rehd) Sarg. var. Redgold, fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Pistacia lentiscus fruit 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.01%
Rose (Bulgaria) 2 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Mandrake fruit (Israel) Mandragora officinarum L., fam. Solanaceae 4.09%
Rose headspace 1 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., cv. Othello, fam. Rosaceae 0.04%
Grape flower 84929-27-1 Vitis vinifera L., ssp. Gruener Veltliner, fam. Vitaceae 0.4%
Viburnum orientale leaf Viburnum orientale Pallas, fam. Caprifoliaceae 0.03%
Fagraea berteriana flower Fagraea berteriana A. Gray ex Benth., fam. Potaliaceae 0.05%
Averrhoa bilimbi fruit (Malaysia) Averrhoa bilimbi L., fam. Oxalidaceae 0.3%
Rhubarb root Rheum palmatum L., fam. Polygonaceae 0.1%
Bouea macrophylla fruit (Malaysia) Bouea macrophylla Grif. (B. gandaria Blume x Miq., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.01%
Zizyphus jujuba fruit (Malaysia) Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis, fam. Rhamnaceae 0.2%
Rose (Turkey) 4 8007-01-7 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Rose (Turkey) 5 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Carob bean powder 2a raw 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 0.02%
Carob bean powder 2b roasted 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 0.02%
Parsnip (Germany) 2d green fruit 90082-39-6 Pastinaca sativa L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%
Geneps fruit (Cuba) Melicocca bijuga L., fam. Sapindaceae 0.7%
Banana passa headspace extract (Brazil) 89957-82-4 Musa cavendishii cultivar nanica, fam. Musaceae 1.2%