Isovaleraldehyde

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    590-86-3

    Molecular formula
    C5H10O

    SMILES
    CC(C)CC=O

    Safety labels

    Flammable
    Flammable

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Environmental Hazard
    Environmental

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 659.67
    • Carbowax: 918.8

  • Odor profile

    Fruity 92.59%
    Green 85.13%
    Pungent 69.19%
    Ethereal 66.98%
    Cocoa 61.37%
    Cheesy 57.13%
    Fresh 53.6%
    Fatty 53.26%
    Fermented 48.01%
    Chocolate 47.35%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    1.0

    pKa est.
    7.74 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    86.13 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra fast

    Melting point expt.

    • -60 °F (USCG, 1999)
    • -51 °C

    Boiling point

    • 198.5 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)
    • 92.5 °C
    • 90.00 to 93.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

    Flash point est.
    3.22 ˚C

    Flash point expt.

    • 55 °F (est.) (USCG, 1999)
    • 48 °F (9 °C) open cup
    • -3 °C c.c.

    Solubility expt.

    • Slightly soluble in water; soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether
    • Miscible with alcohol, ether
    • SOL IN PROPYLENE GLYCOL AND OILS
    • In water, 1,400 mg/L at 20 °C
    • 14 mg/mL at 20 °C
    • Solubility in water, g/100ml: 2 (poor)
    • soluble in water

  • Synonyms

    • 3-Methylbutanal
    • ISOVALERALDEHYDE
    • 590-86-3
    • 3-Methylbutyraldehyde
    • Isovaleral
    • Isopentaldehyde
    • Isoamylaldehyde
    • Isopentanal
    • Butanal, 3-methyl-
    • Isovalerylaldehyde
    • Isovaleric aldehyde
    • beta-Methylbutanal
    • Isoamyl aldehyde
    • 2-Methylbutanal-4
    • 3-Methyl-1-butanal
    • 1-Butanal, 3-methyl-
    • Butyraldehyde, 3-methyl-
    • iso-C4H9CHO
    • Iso-Valeraldehyde
    • 3-Methylbutylaldehyde
    • beta-Methylbutyraldehyde
    • 3-methyl butanal
    • FEMA No. 2692
    • Butanal, methyl-
    • 3-Methyl-Butanal
    • NSC 404119
    • 3-Methylbutan-1-al
    • 3-Methyl butyraldehyde
    • 3-methyl-Butyraldehyde
    • Aldehyde isovalerianique
    • CCRIS 2945
    • HSDB 628
    • 3-Methylbutyraldehyde (natural)
    • EINECS 209-691-5
    • BRN 0773692
    • .beta.-Methylbutanal
    • DTXSID1021619
    • UNII-69931RWI96
    • CHEBI:16638
    • AI3-16106
    • ISOVALERIC-ALDEHYDE
    • MFCD00007014
    • 69931RWI96
    • NSC-404119
    • CHEMBL18360
    • DTXCID201619
    • EC 209-691-5
    • 4-01-00-03291 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • 26140-47-6
    • Aldehyde isovalerianique [French]
    • b-Methylbutanal
    • Methyl butanal
    • isovaler aldehyde
    • Isovaleraldehyde, 97%
    • ISOVALERALDEHYDE [MI]
    • ISOVALERALDEHYDE [HSDB]
    • WLN: VH1Y1&1
    • 3-METHYL BUTANAL [FCC]
    • Isovaleraldehyde, >=97%, FG
    • STR03918
    • Isovaleraldehyde, analytical standard
    • Tox21_200891
    • 3-METHYLBUTYRALDEHYDE [FHFI]
    • BBL027631
    • BDBM50028832
    • NSC404119
    • STL146355
    • AKOS000118930
    • Isovaleraldehyde, natural, >=95%, FG
    • NCGC00248867-01
    • NCGC00258445-01
    • CAS-590-86-3
    • FM140577
    • PD124039
    • I0192
    • NS00006828
    • EN300-18032
    • C07329
    • Q409554
    • F2190-0631
    • InChI=1/C5H10O/c1-5(2)3-4-6/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H
    • 209-691-5

  • Applications

    Isovaleraldehyde (CAS 590-86-3) is a branched-chain aldehyde with a distinctive fermented-nut aroma that is widely employed in the flavour and fragrance industry to impart hay, caramel, chocolate and fruity notes to confectionery, beverages and tobacco; in food technology it functions as a natural-identical flavouring and as a precursor for esterification to isovalerates that deliver coconut, strawberry and ripe-fruit nuances; in cosmetics it fine-tunes the dry-down of soaps, shampoos and cleansers; as an intermediate it is hydroxylated, oxidised or aminated to produce vitamin B1 and B6 building blocks, isovaleronitrile, isovaleric acid, anticonvulsant drug intermediates, feed additives, pyrethroid pesticides, alkyd resins and plasticisers; the compound is also used as a carbon-skeleton builder in organic synthesis, a starting material for isopentyl alcohol, a promoter in photoinitiator manufacture, and a sensory marker in brewing research to simulate or monitor fermentation.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 122.75
    methanol 169.59
    isopropanol 87.26
    water 4.31
    ethyl acetate 59.48
    n-propanol 99.92
    acetone 90.8
    n-butanol 87.69
    acetonitrile 63.96
    DMF 80.56
    toluene 13.37
    isobutanol 73.79
    1,4-dioxane 115.9
    methyl acetate 68.11
    THF 204.54
    2-butanone 72.23
    n-pentanol 42.92
    sec-butanol 80.66
    n-hexane 22.66
    ethylene glycol 71.83
    NMP 206.36
    cyclohexane 26.91
    DMSO 104.07
    n-butyl acetate 106.54
    n-octanol 69.89
    chloroform 265.84
    n-propyl acetate 46.44
    acetic acid 384.23
    dichloromethane 144.19
    cyclohexanone 155.23
    propylene glycol 98.8
    isopropyl acetate 37.69
    DMAc 71.46
    2-ethoxyethanol 59.25
    isopentanol 62.04
    n-heptane 27.71
    ethyl formate 49.47
    1,2-dichloroethane 73.36
    n-hexanol 139.84
    2-methoxyethanol 128.96
    isobutyl acetate 35.92
    tetrachloromethane 51.25
    n-pentyl acetate 55.28
    transcutol 342.67
    n-heptanol 66.26
    ethylbenzene 15.81
    MIBK 34.87
    2-propoxyethanol 163.65
    tert-butanol 117.18
    MTBE 45.86
    2-butoxyethanol 94.11
    propionic acid 200.68
    o-xylene 17.81
    formic acid 116.3
    diethyl ether 34.2
    m-xylene 15.23
    p-xylene 24.55
    chlorobenzene 51.49
    dimethyl carbonate 22.85
    n-octane 9.22
    formamide 72.66
    cyclopentanone 198.32
    2-pentanone 50.02
    anisole 38.29
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 81.17
    gamma-butyrolactone 249.94
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 100.44
    pyridine 84.4
    3-pentanone 42.48
    furfural 190.04
    n-dodecane 7.7
    diethylene glycol 136.08
    diisopropyl ether 15.9
    tert-amyl alcohol 95.9
    acetylacetone 67.24
    n-hexadecane 8.19
    acetophenone 47.67
    methyl propionate 50.73
    isopentyl acetate 99.39
    trichloroethylene 194.37
    n-nonanol 61.44
    cyclohexanol 107.3
    benzyl alcohol 42.47
    2-ethylhexanol 89.5
    isooctanol 54.81
    dipropyl ether 65.22
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 67.23
    ethyl lactate 46.95
    propylene carbonate 142.56
    n-methylformamide 65.6
    2-pentanol 57.26
    n-pentane 13.18
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 149.22
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 97.63
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 127.44
    mesitylene 14.15
    ε-caprolactone 144.42
    p-cymene 32.49
    epichlorohydrin 138.34
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 109.08
    2-aminoethanol 111.07
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 144.74
    sulfolane 293.74
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 10.99
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 139.08
    n-hexyl acetate 102.08
    isooctane 8.53
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 159.43
    sec-butyl acetate 31.8
    tert-butyl acetate 52.32
    decalin 14.35
    glycerin 139.91
    diglyme 178.93
    acrylic acid 200.63
    isopropyl myristate 47.19
    n-butyric acid 183.22
    acetyl acetate 55.53
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 58.88
    ethyl propionate 42.29
    nitromethane 213.38
    1,2-diethoxyethane 69.96
    benzonitrile 63.01
    trioctyl phosphate 46.21
    1-bromopropane 45.55
    gamma-valerolactone 196.95
    n-decanol 48.31
    triethyl phosphate 43.93
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 36.37
    propionitrile 56.6
    vinylene carbonate 122.31
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 200.43
    DMS 72.58
    cumene 18.43
    2-octanol 45.55
    2-hexanone 46.96
    octyl acetate 63.0
    limonene 52.96
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 75.46
    ethyl orthosilicate 41.45
    tributyl phosphate 56.74
    diacetone alcohol 91.6
    N,N-dimethylaniline 29.87
    acrylonitrile 72.84
    aniline 43.07
    1,3-propanediol 116.9
    bromobenzene 41.24
    dibromomethane 104.77
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 176.72
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 86.24
    tetrabutyl urea 62.98
    diisobutyl methanol 53.39
    2-phenylethanol 75.65
    styrene 17.91
    dioctyl adipate 77.15
    dimethyl sulfate 46.46
    ethyl butyrate 68.48
    methyl lactate 59.69
    butyl lactate 81.63
    diethyl carbonate 53.07
    propanediol butyl ether 128.85
    triethyl orthoformate 55.66
    p-tert-butyltoluene 33.2
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 89.18
    morpholine 134.49
    tert-butylamine 72.62
    n-dodecanol 39.08
    dimethoxymethane 41.34
    ethylene carbonate 87.84
    cyrene 93.51
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 66.59
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 75.26
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 92.25
    4-methylpyridine 58.53
    dibutyl ether 51.49
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 53.39
    DEF 53.52
    dimethyl isosorbide 187.05
    tetrachloroethylene 133.9
    eugenol 95.08
    triacetin 108.67
    span 80 153.23
    1,4-butanediol 44.16
    1,1-dichloroethane 87.37
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 40.06
    methyl formate 53.56
    2-methyl-1-butanol 66.96
    n-decane 11.62
    butyronitrile 55.21
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 74.52
    1-chlorooctane 39.84
    1-chlorotetradecane 18.9
    n-nonane 12.16
    undecane 9.05
    tert-butylcyclohexane 16.31
    cyclooctane 8.76
    cyclopentanol 138.94
    tetrahydropyran 114.35
    tert-amyl methyl ether 40.39
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 155.28
    1-hexene 39.55
    2-isopropoxyethanol 47.78
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 123.04
    methyl butyrate 54.85

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Cardamom (Costa Rica) 8000-66-6 Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton, fam. Zingiberaceae 0.01%
Carrot seed (France) 1 8015-88-1 Daucus carota L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%
Eucalyptus globulus (Spain) 1 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.15%
Linden blossom bract Tilia cordata Mill. (Tilia glabra Vent.), fam. Tiliaceae 0.25%
Linden blossom flower Tilia cordata Mill. (Tilia glabra Vent.), fam. Tiliaceae 0.3%
Mace 2 8007-12-3 Myristica fragrans Houtt., fam. Myristicaceae 0.01%
Peppermint (USA) 3 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Peppermint (Greece) 1 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Peppermint (Greece) 2 8006-90-4 Mentha piperita L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Rosemary (Spain) 3 8000-25-7 Rosmarinus officinalis L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Spearmint, scotch (USA) 1 Mentha gracilis Sole, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Truffle, black (Perigord) Tuber melanosporum, fam. Ascomycetae 0.05%
Eucalyptus brassiana Eucalyptus brassiana S.T. Blake, fam. Myrtaceae 0.47%
Coriander fruit 1 8008-52-4 Coriandrum sativum L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%
Rose (Bulgaria) 2 8007-01-0 Rosa damascena Mill., fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Eromenthe (USA) 1 Mentha spicata L., var. eromenthe, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.15%
Rhus coriaria Rhus coriaria L., fam. Anarcadiaceae 0.03%
Eucalyptus globulus (Portugal) 1 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.1%
Basil (Turkey) 2a 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Basil (Turkey) 2b 8015-73-4 Ocimum basilicum L., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.05%
Zizyphus jujuba fruit (Malaysia) Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis, fam. Rhamnaceae 0.88%
Truffle, white (Italy) Tuber magnatum Pico, fam. Ascomycetae 0.5%
Ruta chalepensis (Turkey) Ruta chalepensis L., fam. Rutaceae 0.01%
Eucalyptus macathurii Ecalyptus macathurii Dean & Maiden, fam. Myrtaceae 6.1%
Cyphomandra betacea fruit Cyphomandra betacea Sendtn., fam. Solanaceae (tree tomato, tamarillo) 0.01%
Shadberry fruit Amelanchier arborea Nutt., fam. Rosaceae 0.3%
Eucalyptus globulus (Zambia) 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.6%
Eucalyptus smithii (Zambia) 91771-68-5 Eucalyptus smithii R. Baker, fam. Myrtaceae 0.6%
Chicory root, roasted 1b 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.09%
Carob bean extract 1 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 4.2%
Eucalyptus globulus (Spain) 2b young leaves 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.1%
Eucalyptus globulus (Portugal) 2 8016-26-0 Eucalyptus globulus Labill., fam. Myrtaceae 0.1%
Truffle, Asian Tuber indicum Cooke et Mass. (T. himalayense Zhang-Minter),fam.Ascomycetae 10.0%
Angelica (sativa) fruit 8015-64-3 Angelica archangelica L. var. sativa, fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%
Celery seed (India) 5 8015-90-5 Apium graveolens L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%
Calamintha nepeta (France) Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi ssp. nepeta, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.01%
Corymbia maculata (Cuba) Corymbia maculata (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson, fam. Myrtaceae 0.01%
Spinach, cooked Spinacia oleracea L., fam. Oleraceae 0.01%
Asafoetida (Pakistan) 2 9000-04-8 Ferula assafoetida L., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%