Furfuryl alcohol

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    98-00-0

    Molecular formula
    C5H6O2

    SMILES
    C1=COC(=C1)CO

    Safety labels

    Acute Toxic
    Acute Toxic

    Health Hazard
    Health

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 851.0
    • Carbowax: 1650.33

  • Odor profile

    Sweet 83.29%
    Caramellic 70.05%
    Coffee 57.64%
    Burnt 51.36%
    Ethereal 48.53%
    Musty 45.17%
    Fermented 41.61%
    Solvent 36.6%
    Sulfurous 36.57%
    Alcoholic 36.16%

    Scent© AI

    Odor threshold

    • Odor Threshold Low: 8.0 [mmHg]. Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 8.0 ppm)
    • 50% response: 8 ppm

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.3

    pKa est.
    6.3 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    98.1 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Fast

    Melting point expt.

    • -24 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • -14.6 °C
    • -31 °C
    • -24 °F
    • 6 °F

    Boiling point

    • 338 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • 171 °C
    • 170 °C
    • 338 °F

    Flash point est.
    65.39 ˚C

    Flash point expt.

    • 167 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 75 °C
    • 167 °F (75 °C) (Open cup)
    • 75 °C c.c.
    • 167 °F
    • 149 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 73 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • Soluble in chloroform; very soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether
    • Soluble in alcohol, benzene; very soluble in ether
    • Miscible with alcohol, ether, acetone, and ethyl acetate, and most organic solvents with the exception of paraffinic hydrocarbons
    • Immiscible with most oils
    • In water, 1.00X10+6 mg/L at 25 °C (miscible)
    • 1000 mg/mL at 25 °C
    • Solubility in water: freely soluble
    • miscible in water; miscible in oils
    • miscible (in ethanol)
    • Miscible

  • Synonyms

    • FURFURYL ALCOHOL
    • 98-00-0
    • 2-Furanmethanol
    • 2-Furylmethanol
    • furan-2-ylmethanol
    • 2-Furancarbinol
    • Furfural alcohol
    • 2-Furylcarbinol
    • 2-Furanylmethanol
    • Furfuranol
    • 2-Furfuryl alcohol
    • Furfurylalcohol
    • Furfuralcohol
    • 2-(Hydroxymethyl)furan
    • 5-Hydroxymethylfuran
    • Furyl alcohol
    • 2-Hydroxymethylfuran
    • Furylcarbinol
    • alpha-Furylcarbinol
    • Furan-2-yl-methanol
    • 2-Furfurylalkohol
    • Furfurylcarb
    • (2-furyl)methanol
    • Methanol, (2-furyl)-
    • 2-hydroxymethylfurane
    • 2-Furane-methanol
    • Furanmethanol
    • Furylcarbinol (VAN)
    • NCI-C56224
    • 2-furanemethanol
    • FEMA No. 2491
    • Furan-2-methanol
    • NSC 8843
    • (furan-2-yl)methanol
    • CCRIS 2922
    • HSDB 711
    • DTXSID2025347
    • CHEBI:207496
    • EINECS 202-626-1
    • Furfurylalcohol-d2
    • Qo furfuryl alcohol
    • UNII-D582054MUH
    • BRN 0106291
    • .alpha.-Furylcarbinol
    • alpha-Furfuryl alcohol
    • AI3-01171
    • D582054MUH
    • NSC-8843
    • .alpha.-Furfuryl alcohol
    • DTXCID105347
    • EC 202-626-1
    • 5-17-03-00338 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • Furfuryl alcohol, 98%
    • (2-FURYL)-METHANOL (FURFURYLALCOHOL)
    • FURFURYL ALCOHOL (IARC)
    • FURFURYL ALCOHOL [IARC]
    • 2-Furfurylalkohol [Czech]
    • CAS-98-00-0
    • MFCD00003252
    • UN2874
    • 2-Hydroxymethylfuran; 2-Furylmethanol; 2-Furfurylalcohol
    • furylmethanol
    • 2-Furfurylalcohol
    • alpha -Furylcarbinol
    • PFFA
    • methanol, 2-furyl-
    • (2-furyl)-Methanol
    • Furfuryl alcohol [UN2874] [Poison]
    • 2-Hydroxymethyl-Furan
    • alpha -Furfuryl alcohol
    • Furfuryl alcohol, 8CI
    • 2- FURANCARBINOL
    • 2- FURANYLMETHANOL
    • 2-Furfurylalkohol(CZECH)
    • Epitope ID:136037
    • furfuryl alcohol (furfurol)
    • WLN: T5OJ B1Q
    • CHEM-REZ 200
    • 2-Furane-methanol (furfurol)
    • FURFURYL ALCOHOL [MI]
    • FURFURYL ALCOHOL [FCC]
    • CHEMBL308187
    • FURFURYL ALCOHOL [FHFI]
    • FURFURYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]
    • CHEBI:53371
    • FEMA 2491
    • Furfuryl alcohol, >=97%, FG
    • NSC8843
    • 2-Furanmethanol (furfuryl alcohol)
    • 2-Furylmethanol (ACD/Name 4.0)
    • STR01021
    • Tox21_202102
    • Tox21_303093
    • Furfuryl alcohol, analytical standard
    • AKOS000119178
    • UN 2874
    • Furfuryl alcohol [UN2874] [Poison]
    • Furfuryl alcohol, natural, >=95%, FG
    • NCGC00249166-01
    • NCGC00256987-01
    • NCGC00259651-01
    • 93793-62-5
    • DB-016149
    • DB-254877
    • F0076
    • NS00003728
    • EN300-19106
    • C20441
    • Q27335
    • A845784
    • F0001-2310
    • Z104472794
    • InChI=1/C5H6O2/c6-4-5-2-1-3-7-5/h1-3,6H,4H
    • 202-626-1

  • Applications

    Furfuryl alcohol (C5H6O2, CAS 98-00-0) is an aromatic alcohol with a characteristic odor derived mainly from biomass-based furfural and serves as a versatile intermediate across many sectors: it is polymerized into furan resins that act as high-strength binders for foundry sands, enabling heat-resistant cores and molds in metal casting; it is sulfonated or copolymerized to produce acid- and corrosion-resistant coatings, mortars and polymer concretes for industrial construction; it is deeply impregnated into softwoods, bamboo and hardwoods to enhance strength, crack resistance and termite protection in modified wood technology; it functions as a reactive solvent and wetting agent in the manufacture of agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, food additives and flavors; it is an intermediate that can be hydrogenated to tetrahydrofuran or converted to 2-methylfuran, both used as solvents, cleaning agents and biofuel components, and has even been tested as a rocket propellant when oxidized with nitric acid; thanks to its renewable origin, furfuryl alcohol is increasingly regarded as a sustainable platform molecule for green chemistry.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 712.73
    methanol 1296.49
    isopropanol 409.29
    water 83.1
    ethyl acetate 235.38
    n-propanol 478.25
    acetone 343.42
    n-butanol 337.98
    acetonitrile 394.51
    DMF 1009.17
    toluene 44.58
    isobutanol 294.78
    1,4-dioxane 616.08
    methyl acetate 320.27
    THF 667.84
    2-butanone 252.49
    n-pentanol 232.6
    sec-butanol 295.28
    n-hexane 8.42
    ethylene glycol 341.49
    NMP 456.27
    cyclohexane 19.81
    DMSO 1169.19
    n-butyl acetate 99.43
    n-octanol 73.65
    chloroform 259.31
    n-propyl acetate 115.47
    acetic acid 776.47
    dichloromethane 315.69
    cyclohexanone 226.57
    propylene glycol 221.91
    isopropyl acetate 104.11
    DMAc 583.63
    2-ethoxyethanol 499.25
    isopentanol 232.18
    n-heptane 16.15
    ethyl formate 194.93
    1,2-dichloroethane 214.38
    n-hexanol 137.15
    2-methoxyethanol 802.75
    isobutyl acetate 64.43
    tetrachloromethane 43.7
    n-pentyl acetate 68.16
    transcutol 886.89
    n-heptanol 67.52
    ethylbenzene 17.26
    MIBK 123.25
    2-propoxyethanol 284.97
    tert-butanol 443.3
    MTBE 220.7
    2-butoxyethanol 152.38
    propionic acid 414.59
    o-xylene 37.93
    formic acid 801.58
    diethyl ether 271.7
    m-xylene 35.24
    p-xylene 26.14
    chlorobenzene 68.63
    dimethyl carbonate 103.1
    n-octane 6.58
    formamide 960.69
    cyclopentanone 312.27
    2-pentanone 204.32
    anisole 106.13
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 221.12
    gamma-butyrolactone 422.09
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 430.59
    pyridine 279.88
    3-pentanone 143.26
    furfural 370.69
    n-dodecane 6.42
    diethylene glycol 332.52
    diisopropyl ether 57.72
    tert-amyl alcohol 287.89
    acetylacetone 201.92
    n-hexadecane 6.89
    acetophenone 88.53
    methyl propionate 211.59
    isopentyl acetate 78.73
    trichloroethylene 283.78
    n-nonanol 65.96
    cyclohexanol 188.5
    benzyl alcohol 114.85
    2-ethylhexanol 68.68
    isooctanol 58.89
    dipropyl ether 92.21
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 57.33
    ethyl lactate 78.3
    propylene carbonate 162.7
    n-methylformamide 660.28
    2-pentanol 194.81
    n-pentane 17.26
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 178.77
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 117.36
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 166.81
    mesitylene 25.66
    ε-caprolactone 201.96
    p-cymene 22.99
    epichlorohydrin 443.62
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 115.82
    2-aminoethanol 482.9
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 612.55
    sulfolane 439.07
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 12.04
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 392.21
    n-hexyl acetate 89.97
    isooctane 9.73
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 246.78
    sec-butyl acetate 67.09
    tert-butyl acetate 117.14
    decalin 7.76
    glycerin 349.93
    diglyme 432.88
    acrylic acid 384.1
    isopropyl myristate 43.21
    n-butyric acid 339.89
    acetyl acetate 106.94
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 42.83
    ethyl propionate 93.97
    nitromethane 882.51
    1,2-diethoxyethane 221.53
    benzonitrile 108.51
    trioctyl phosphate 32.56
    1-bromopropane 107.3
    gamma-valerolactone 415.4
    n-decanol 49.19
    triethyl phosphate 45.1
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 98.77
    propionitrile 287.86
    vinylene carbonate 157.45
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 304.76
    DMS 77.15
    cumene 18.75
    2-octanol 49.17
    2-hexanone 116.39
    octyl acetate 53.57
    limonene 40.33
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 506.42
    ethyl orthosilicate 45.0
    tributyl phosphate 42.61
    diacetone alcohol 191.43
    N,N-dimethylaniline 73.74
    acrylonitrile 344.65
    aniline 134.27
    1,3-propanediol 487.95
    bromobenzene 48.12
    dibromomethane 170.18
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 194.39
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 61.39
    tetrabutyl urea 61.21
    diisobutyl methanol 49.18
    2-phenylethanol 82.6
    styrene 25.97
    dioctyl adipate 67.07
    dimethyl sulfate 172.97
    ethyl butyrate 84.52
    methyl lactate 139.36
    butyl lactate 65.45
    diethyl carbonate 56.4
    propanediol butyl ether 138.07
    triethyl orthoformate 68.24
    p-tert-butyltoluene 22.48
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 92.83
    morpholine 745.89
    tert-butylamine 226.75
    n-dodecanol 38.89
    dimethoxymethane 496.6
    ethylene carbonate 134.87
    cyrene 141.4
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 113.29
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 58.22
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 74.21
    4-methylpyridine 176.84
    dibutyl ether 77.48
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 49.18
    DEF 296.18
    dimethyl isosorbide 231.98
    tetrachloroethylene 156.33
    eugenol 107.82
    triacetin 110.59
    span 80 120.1
    1,4-butanediol 228.07
    1,1-dichloroethane 169.72
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 155.19
    methyl formate 384.79
    2-methyl-1-butanol 223.59
    n-decane 9.79
    butyronitrile 223.66
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 75.82
    1-chlorooctane 34.69
    1-chlorotetradecane 15.62
    n-nonane 9.21
    undecane 7.6
    tert-butylcyclohexane 9.28
    cyclooctane 7.18
    cyclopentanol 271.56
    tetrahydropyran 386.34
    tert-amyl methyl ether 145.35
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 333.08
    1-hexene 34.48
    2-isopropoxyethanol 265.02
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 275.59
    methyl butyrate 135.19

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
Prohibition
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 0 % Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 0 %
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 0 % Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 0 %
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 0 % Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 0 %
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 0 % Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 0 %
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 0 % Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 0 %
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 0 % Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 0 %
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 0 % Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 0 %
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 0 % Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 0 %
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 0 % Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 0 %

Prohibition
Furfuryl alcohol should not be used as a fragrance ingredient.
The natural extracts containing Furfuryl alcohol should not be used as substitutes for this substance.

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Daphne genkwa Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc., fam. Thymelaeaceae 1.66%
Orris butter 8002-73-1 Iris florentina L., fam. Iridaceae 0.01%
Agarwood smoke 1 Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., fam. Thymelaeaceae 0.32%
Agarwood smoke 2 Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., fam. Thymelaeaceae 0.11%
Daphne tangutica flower concrete (China) Daphne tangutica Maxim., fam. Thymelaeaceae 0.46%
Hedyotis diffusa (Malaysia) Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (syn. Oldenlandia diffusa Roxb.), fam. Rubiaceae 0.6%
Zizyphus jujuba fruit (Malaysia) Zizyphus jujuba Mill. var. inermis, fam. Rhamnaceae 0.76%
Rosa rugosa (China) 1 Rosa rugosa Thunb. (hybrids), fam. Rosaceae 0.01%
Tamarind 3 fruit Tamarindus indica L., fam. Leguminosae 0.2%
Juniper berry (Greece) 8012-91-7 Juniperus communis L., fam. Cupressaceae 0.2%
Phaeomeria speciosa Phaeomeria speciosa Koord., (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith), Zingib. 0.23%
Colocasia esculenta (Taro) Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, fam. Araceae 0.1%
Ketaki (India) Pandanus fascicularis Lam., var. Ketaki, fam. Pandanaceae 0.01%
Chicory root, roasted 2 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 2.33%
Chicory root, roasted 1a 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.26%
Chicory root, roasted 1b 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.81%
Carob bean powder 2a raw 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 0.08%
Carob bean powder 2b roasted 9000-40-2 Ceratonia siliqua L., fam. Leguminoseae 0.08%
Rocket leaf 1 Eruca sativa L., fam. Brassicaceae 0.01%