Aldehyde C-9 Nonanal Aroma Chemical
CAS# 124-19-6
Citrus, Green, Waxy, Fatty, Aldehydic
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Aldehyde C-9, also known as Nonanal or Pelargonaldehyde, is a straight-chain aliphatic aldehyde consisting of 9 carbon atoms, existing as a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid. Although this compound occurs naturally in small amounts in essential oils such as orange, lemon, rose, lemongrass, and cinnamon, it is primarily synthesized industrially (most commonly via the hydroformylation of 1-octene) to ensure high purity and absolute consistency for commercial products.
Regarding its odor characteristics, Aldehyde C-9 possesses a waxy, fresh citrus peel scent, with faint green notes of cucumber and vibrant rose nuances. Because it has an extremely strong odor intensity, this compound requires delicate blending and is typically used only at very low dilutions (often between 0.1% and 1%). When used correctly, even a trace amount of Aldehyde C-9 is enough to provide a "radiant" effect, creating a fresh opening and offering the perfect lift for the top notes of a fragrance composition.
In the fragrance industry, this material is a core foundation for aldehydic and floral fragrance families (such as rose, jasmine, and lily of the valley) as well as fresh citrus accords. Not limited to fine fragrances, Aldehyde C-9 is also widely used in functional products like soaps, detergents, scented candles, and air fresheners, thanks to its ability to impart a clean, characteristic "soapy" scent. Additionally, in the food industry, it is permitted by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) as a flavoring agent to enhance citrus, fruit, nutty, and buttery notes.
Beyond the boundaries of the flavor and fragrance industry, Aldehyde C-9 has important scientific applications. This compound has been identified as a natural chemical signal that attracts Culex mosquitoes (which transmit diseases); therefore, it is combined with carbon dioxide to serve as a lure in mosquito traps to control disease vectors. In particular, within diagnostic medicine, Nonanal is being researched as a volatile biomarker in exhaled breath, aiding in the early and non-invasive detection of certain diseases such as lung cancer and ovarian cancer.
In terms of safety, Aldehyde C-9 is a combustible liquid and can cause skin irritation, respiratory tract irritation, as well as severe eye irritation if exposed at high concentrations. The product is also warned to be toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects if released into the environment. To maintain its quality, the product should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and sparks, and must be tightly closed in specialized packaging to prevent autoxidation or degradation. Any direct handling of the pure chemical requires appropriate personal protective equipment, such as protective gloves and safety goggles.
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Technical standards
Technical standards
Solubility @25˚C
Solubility @25˚C
| Solvent | Solubility (g/L) |
|---|---|
| ethanol | 8030.2 |
| methanol | 6758.33 |
| isopropanol | 7872.58 |
| water | 0.07 |
| ethyl acetate | 7046.71 |
| n-propanol | 7026.95 |
| acetone | 11716.5 |
| n-butanol | 6575.87 |
| acetonitrile | 5071.29 |
| DMF | 4764.65 |
| toluene | 1946.83 |
| isobutanol | 4896.11 |
| 1,4-dioxane | 6019.85 |
| methyl acetate | 3892.83 |
| THF | 10567.26 |
| 2-butanone | 7540.28 |
| n-pentanol | 4076.01 |
| sec-butanol | 5434.98 |
| n-hexane | 3745.37 |
| ethylene glycol | 480.41 |
| NMP | 3007.41 |
| cyclohexane | 3172.3 |
| DMSO | 7650.11 |
| n-butyl acetate | 6840.71 |
| n-octanol | 1287.29 |
| chloroform | 8086.42 |
| n-propyl acetate | 4942.26 |
| acetic acid | 2930.66 |
| dichloromethane | 8474.81 |
| cyclohexanone | 8777.82 |
| propylene glycol | 1074.9 |
| isopropyl acetate | 3928.81 |
| DMAc | 2008.48 |
| 2-ethoxyethanol | 3117.63 |
| isopentanol | 5320.05 |
| n-heptane | 1593.93 |
| ethyl formate | 2809.36 |
| 1,2-dichloroethane | 6877.98 |
| n-hexanol | 4788.69 |
| 2-methoxyethanol | 5541.67 |
| isobutyl acetate | 2378.32 |
| tetrachloromethane | 1844.82 |
| n-pentyl acetate | 2512.23 |
| transcutol | 9078.05 |
| n-heptanol | 1395.64 |
| ethylbenzene | 1088.45 |
| MIBK | 3225.55 |
| 2-propoxyethanol | 4873.72 |
| tert-butanol | 7725.26 |
| MTBE | 6384.37 |
| 2-butoxyethanol | 2175.73 |
| propionic acid | 3291.18 |
| o-xylene | 911.64 |
| formic acid | 434.46 |
| diethyl ether | 9024.49 |
| m-xylene | 1223.2 |
| p-xylene | 1330.73 |
| chlorobenzene | 2409.05 |
| dimethyl carbonate | 571.81 |
| n-octane | 403.6 |
| formamide | 788.17 |
| cyclopentanone | 7674.87 |
| 2-pentanone | 7654.58 |
| anisole | 1660.52 |
| cyclopentyl methyl ether | 6253.67 |
| gamma-butyrolactone | 6325.85 |
| 1-methoxy-2-propanol | 4746.62 |
| pyridine | 5403.23 |
| 3-pentanone | 4000.86 |
| furfural | 3529.24 |
| n-dodecane | 152.38 |
| diethylene glycol | 1917.13 |
| diisopropyl ether | 2262.17 |
| tert-amyl alcohol | 4741.87 |
| acetylacetone | 4050.48 |
| n-hexadecane | 181.42 |
| acetophenone | 1401.06 |
| methyl propionate | 3610.71 |
| isopentyl acetate | 4645.22 |
| trichloroethylene | 8491.36 |
| n-nonanol | 1037.5 |
| cyclohexanol | 5335.49 |
| benzyl alcohol | 1356.33 |
| 2-ethylhexanol | 3030.63 |
| isooctanol | 1163.97 |
| dipropyl ether | 5885.16 |
| 1,2-dichlorobenzene | 1844.73 |
| ethyl lactate | 956.29 |
| propylene carbonate | 2899.11 |
| n-methylformamide | 2885.58 |
| 2-pentanol | 4934.2 |
| n-pentane | 1961.01 |
| 1-propoxy-2-propanol | 4756.76 |
| 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate | 3303.3 |
| 2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol | 1230.41 |
| mesitylene | 762.14 |
| ε-caprolactone | 5597.1 |
| p-cymene | 756.75 |
| epichlorohydrin | 6646.5 |
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 6134.86 |
| 2-aminoethanol | 1602.8 |
| morpholine-4-carbaldehyde | 3181.06 |
| sulfolane | 5674.49 |
| 2,2,4-trimethylpentane | 427.08 |
| 2-methyltetrahydrofuran | 9387.61 |
| n-hexyl acetate | 2714.15 |
| isooctane | 410.59 |
| 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol | 2051.32 |
| sec-butyl acetate | 2735.13 |
| tert-butyl acetate | 3452.03 |
| decalin | 734.56 |
| glycerin | 950.25 |
| diglyme | 4086.89 |
| acrylic acid | 1784.78 |
| isopropyl myristate | 837.18 |
| n-butyric acid | 6730.86 |
| acetyl acetate | 1991.63 |
| di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | 503.41 |
| ethyl propionate | 3493.6 |
| nitromethane | 4366.09 |
| 1,2-diethoxyethane | 5345.16 |
| benzonitrile | 2202.69 |
| trioctyl phosphate | 458.4 |
| 1-bromopropane | 6564.22 |
| gamma-valerolactone | 7002.33 |
| n-decanol | 702.63 |
| triethyl phosphate | 797.61 |
| 4-methyl-2-pentanol | 1993.72 |
| propionitrile | 5229.42 |
| vinylene carbonate | 2190.97 |
| 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane | 3290.95 |
| DMS | 1168.75 |
| cumene | 657.18 |
| 2-octanol | 1045.81 |
| 2-hexanone | 5364.36 |
| octyl acetate | 940.71 |
| limonene | 1676.01 |
| 1,2-dimethoxyethane | 6359.02 |
| ethyl orthosilicate | 896.88 |
| tributyl phosphate | 691.1 |
| diacetone alcohol | 2977.3 |
| N,N-dimethylaniline | 908.46 |
| acrylonitrile | 4497.0 |
| aniline | 2295.51 |
| 1,3-propanediol | 2787.23 |
| bromobenzene | 2686.69 |
| dibromomethane | 7318.13 |
| 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane | 6574.16 |
| 2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate | 1666.95 |
| tetrabutyl urea | 797.52 |
| diisobutyl methanol | 1593.2 |
| 2-phenylethanol | 1581.15 |
| styrene | 1559.94 |
| dioctyl adipate | 1057.74 |
| dimethyl sulfate | 801.63 |
| ethyl butyrate | 3998.45 |
| methyl lactate | 961.16 |
| butyl lactate | 1508.68 |
| diethyl carbonate | 1589.49 |
| propanediol butyl ether | 1509.53 |
| triethyl orthoformate | 1965.12 |
| p-tert-butyltoluene | 712.77 |
| methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate | 916.79 |
| morpholine | 8987.54 |
| tert-butylamine | 5513.56 |
| n-dodecanol | 521.86 |
| dimethoxymethane | 3391.36 |
| ethylene carbonate | 2246.62 |
| cyrene | 808.94 |
| 2-ethoxyethyl acetate | 2406.49 |
| 2-ethylhexyl acetate | 3505.95 |
| 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene | 1784.76 |
| 4-methylpyridine | 4986.7 |
| dibutyl ether | 4027.99 |
| 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol | 1593.2 |
| DEF | 5328.95 |
| dimethyl isosorbide | 1999.81 |
| tetrachloroethylene | 4693.76 |
| eugenol | 907.21 |
| triacetin | 1385.35 |
| span 80 | 1378.25 |
| 1,4-butanediol | 879.83 |
| 1,1-dichloroethane | 8013.2 |
| 2-methyl-1-pentanol | 3006.41 |
| methyl formate | 1516.53 |
| 2-methyl-1-butanol | 4216.76 |
| n-decane | 359.21 |
| butyronitrile | 6696.93 |
| 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol | 1477.39 |
| 1-chlorooctane | 1218.89 |
| 1-chlorotetradecane | 341.43 |
| n-nonane | 448.27 |
| undecane | 219.72 |
| tert-butylcyclohexane | 710.16 |
| cyclooctane | 754.78 |
| cyclopentanol | 5159.45 |
| tetrahydropyran | 12025.7 |
| tert-amyl methyl ether | 3705.55 |
| 2,5,8-trioxanonane | 2017.97 |
| 1-hexene | 7695.88 |
| 2-isopropoxyethanol | 2366.84 |
| 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol | 543.03 |
| methyl butyrate | 5059.22 |
Scent© AI

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CAS NUMBER
124-19-6
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FAMILIES
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BRAND
Scent.vn
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EVAPORATION RATE
Moderately fast
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Odor impact
High est.
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FLASH POINT
71.99 ˚C est.
Olfactory Pyramid
Notes
| Citrus |
| Green |
| Waxy |
| Fatty |
| Aldehydic |
| Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
|
No restriction |
Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
|
No restriction |
|
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
|
No restriction |
Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
|
No restriction |
|
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
|
No restriction |
Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
|
No restriction |
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Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
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No restriction |
Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
|
No restriction |
|
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
|
No restriction |
Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
|
No restriction |
|
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
|
No restriction |
Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
|
No restriction |
|
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
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No restriction |
Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
|
No restriction |
|
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
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No restriction |
Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
|
No restriction |
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Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
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No restriction |
Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
|
No restriction |
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Certificates of Quality
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Certificate of Analysis (COA)
Provides information on the physical and chemical properties of the product.Download -
IFRA Certificate of Conformity
Sets safety standards and guidelines for the product in manufacturing.Download -
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Provides important safety guidelines for transporting, storing, and using the product.Download