Pyridine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    110-86-1

    Molecular formula
    C5H5N

    SMILES
    C1=CC=NC=C1

    Safety labels

    Flammable
    Flammable

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 745.0
    • Carbowax: 1192.33

  • Odor profile

    Burnt 59.4%
    Sweet 54.44%
    Fishy 51.92%
    Tobacco 46.0%
    Nutty 43.99%
    Smoky 41.99%
    Musty 41.66%
    Pungent 39.92%
    Ethereal 38.76%
    Animal 36.56%

    Scent© AI

    Odor threshold

    • Odor Threshold Low: 0.23 [mmHg]. Odor Threshold High: 1.9 [mmHg]. Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 0.66 ppm)
    • Water odor threshold: 0.95 mg/l; Air odor threshold: 0.17 ul/l; Odor safety class: B. B= 50-90% of distracted persons perceive warning of TLV.
    • Odor detection in water is 8.20x10+1 ppm; chemically pure
    • Odor recognition in air is 2.10x10-2 ppm; chemically pure
    • 0.01 mg/cu m (odor low); 15.00 mg/cu m (odor high)
    • ... Studies in normal adults having no known nasal pathology and no significant industrial exposure show that the threshold for detecting pyridine ranges from 0.04 to 20 ppm. ...

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.7

    pKa est.
    5.43 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    79.1 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra fast

    Melting point expt.

    • -44 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • -41.6 °C
    • -42 °C
    • -44 °F

    Boiling point

    • 239 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • 115.2-115.3 °C
    • 115.00 to 116.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
    • 115 °C
    • 240 °F

    Flash point est.
    17.08 ˚C

    Flash point expt.

    • 68 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 20 °C
    • 68 °F (CLOSED CUP)
    • 20 °C (closed cup)
    • 20 °C c.c.
    • 68 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70.7 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • Miscible with water @ 20 °C
    • Miscible with ... alcohol, ether, and petroleum ether, oils and many organic liquids.
    • 1000.0 mg/mL
    • Solubility in water: freely soluble
    • Miscible

  • Synonyms

    • PYRIDINE
    • Azabenzene
    • 110-86-1
    • Azine
    • Pyridin
    • Piridina
    • Pirydyna
    • Pyridin [German]
    • Pirydyna [Polish]
    • Piridina [Italian]
    • RCRA waste number U196
    • Caswell No. 717
    • NCI-C55301
    • FEMA No. 2966
    • FEMA Number 2966
    • CCRIS 2926
    • HSDB 118
    • CHEBI:16227
    • CP 32
    • EINECS 203-809-9
    • NSC 406123
    • pyridine-ring
    • pyridine-
    • UNII-NH9L3PP67S
    • NH9L3PP67S
    • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069202
    • DTXSID9021924
    • AI3-01240
    • MFCD00011732
    • NSC-141574
    • NSC-406123
    • DTXCID101924
    • EC 203-809-9
    • PYRIDINE (IARC)
    • PYRIDINE [IARC]
    • Pyridine [UN1282] [Flammable liquid]
    • PYRIDINE (USP-RS)
    • PYRIDINE [USP-RS]
    • PYRIDINE (15N)
    • Pyridine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
    • Pyridine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
    • UN1282
    • CEFTAZIDIME IMPURITY F (EP IMPURITY)
    • CEFTAZIDIME IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY]
    • RCRA waste no. U196
    • CEFTAZIDIME PENTAHYDRATE IMPURITY F (EP IMPURITY)
    • CEFTAZIDIME PENTAHYDRATE IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY]
    • hydropyridine
    • N-pyridine
    • pyridine fraction
    • 3-pyridinyl
    • [pyridine]
    • 2-pyridine
    • 4-pyridine
    • Pyridine II
    • Pyridine III
    • 3-Pyridine
    • Azabenzene; Azine
    • Pyridine 1 Degree
    • 0PY
    • Pyridine, anhydrous
    • Pyridine, super dry
    • Pyridine, 99%
    • Pyridine, ACS grade
    • Pyridine, ACS reagent
    • Pyridine, >=99%
    • Pyridine, HPLC Grade
    • PYRIDINE [FHFI]
    • PYRIDINE [HSDB]
    • PYRIDINE [MI]
    • bmse000432
    • Epitope ID:140099
    • WLN: T6NJ
    • Pyridine, p.a., 99%
    • NCIOpen2_002809
    • NCIOpen2_007786
    • NCIOpen2_007866
    • NCIOpen2_007986
    • NCIOpen2_007999
    • Pesticide Code: 069202
    • Pyridine, LR, >=99%
    • Pyridine, analytical standard
    • Pyridine, anhydrous, 99.8%
    • CHEMBL266158
    • Pyridine, AR, >=99.5%
    • Pyridine, >=99.5% (GC)
    • DTXSID101318102
    • BCP23599
    • Pyridine, for HPLC, >=99.9%
    • Tox21_200960
    • BDBM50176909
    • NSC141574
    • NSC406123
    • Pyridine, anhydrous Water 30ppm Max
    • STL264195
    • AKOS000120998
    • MSK001822-100M
    • Pyridine, biotech. grade, >=99.9%
    • UN 1282
    • NCGC00091476-01
    • NCGC00091476-02
    • NCGC00258513-01
    • Pyridin Solution in Methanol, 100ug/mL
    • Pyridine, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
    • BP-13452
    • CAS-110-86-1
    • NCI60_006101
    • Pyridine, JIS special grade, >=99.5%
    • Pyridine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
    • Pyridine, purification grade, >=99.75%
    • DB-220141
    • Pyridine, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%
    • NS00010113
    • Q0034
    • EN300-17264
    • C00747
    • A802257
    • Q210385
    • InChI=1/C5H5N/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-5
    • F0001-0227
    • Pyridine, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.8% (GC)
    • Pyridine, suitable for hydroxyl value determination, >=99.5%
    • Pyridine; Azabenzene; Azine; CP 32; NSC 141574; NSC 406123
    • Pyridine, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
    • Pyridine, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5% (GC)
    • 0.25 M Hyacinth BMT solution BMT in anhydrous Acetonitrile, NC-0102 emp Biotech GmbH
    • Pyridine, puriss., absolute, over molecular sieve (H2O <=0.005%), >=99.8% (GC)
    • Pyridine, puriss., Reag. Ph. Eur., dried, >=99.5% (GC), <=0.0075% water

  • Applications

    Pyridine (CAS 110-86-1) is an aromatic heterocycle with a characteristic odor that finds extensive use as a polar solvent in organic synthesis, as a laboratory cleaning agent, a bittering additive in food industry to enhance safety, and as a key intermediate for manufacturing pharmaceuticals (including antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, HIV treatments), B-vitamins (especially niacin and pyridoxine), agrochemicals such as herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, a basic catalyst in acylation and alkylation reactions, a fuel additive to raise octane number and reduce corrosion, a precursor to conductive polymer materials, and numerous derivatives in rubber, leather tanning and dye sectors; it is also employed for extraction, dehydration or purification steps during petroleum and natural-gas processing.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 570.13
    methanol 722.38
    isopropanol 233.03
    water 12.77
    ethyl acetate 674.33
    n-propanol 360.06
    acetone 403.39
    n-butanol 293.09
    acetonitrile 919.56
    DMF 741.05
    toluene 271.17
    isobutanol 203.24
    1,4-dioxane 526.72
    methyl acetate 536.62
    THF 512.32
    2-butanone 413.24
    n-pentanol 225.92
    sec-butanol 223.02
    n-hexane 25.54
    ethylene glycol 171.06
    NMP 415.26
    cyclohexane 27.0
    DMSO 694.84
    n-butyl acetate 311.12
    n-octanol 55.79
    chloroform 1593.98
    n-propyl acetate 265.13
    acetic acid 781.39
    dichloromethane 1421.91
    cyclohexanone 315.24
    propylene glycol 167.71
    isopropyl acetate 222.23
    DMAc 642.81
    2-ethoxyethanol 377.54
    isopentanol 198.19
    n-heptane 32.02
    ethyl formate 384.89
    1,2-dichloroethane 662.4
    n-hexanol 194.97
    2-methoxyethanol 627.34
    isobutyl acetate 114.99
    tetrachloromethane 214.03
    n-pentyl acetate 122.86
    transcutol 909.49
    n-heptanol 77.09
    ethylbenzene 74.52
    MIBK 125.31
    2-propoxyethanol 323.24
    tert-butanol 198.01
    MTBE 166.03
    2-butoxyethanol 166.36
    propionic acid 557.38
    o-xylene 119.42
    formic acid 372.72
    diethyl ether 332.44
    m-xylene 116.67
    p-xylene 94.24
    chlorobenzene 324.31
    dimethyl carbonate 172.67
    n-octane 8.49
    formamide 576.59
    cyclopentanone 388.05
    2-pentanone 304.97
    anisole 204.87
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 246.26
    gamma-butyrolactone 571.57
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 356.34
    pyridine 1051.04
    3-pentanone 267.91
    furfural 671.18
    n-dodecane 5.2
    diethylene glycol 252.57
    diisopropyl ether 55.4
    tert-amyl alcohol 181.87
    acetylacetone 291.76
    n-hexadecane 5.51
    acetophenone 187.73
    methyl propionate 458.66
    isopentyl acetate 154.95
    trichloroethylene 1347.75
    n-nonanol 49.82
    cyclohexanol 158.4
    benzyl alcohol 194.25
    2-ethylhexanol 107.14
    isooctanol 56.77
    dipropyl ether 197.54
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 230.66
    ethyl lactate 102.71
    propylene carbonate 303.32
    n-methylformamide 671.39
    2-pentanol 158.32
    n-pentane 27.69
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 241.45
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 213.23
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 128.4
    mesitylene 46.93
    ε-caprolactone 336.23
    p-cymene 51.67
    epichlorohydrin 737.7
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 523.85
    2-aminoethanol 338.24
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 553.25
    sulfolane 409.44
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 12.7
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 370.07
    n-hexyl acetate 114.99
    isooctane 7.56
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 189.68
    sec-butyl acetate 127.12
    tert-butyl acetate 131.79
    decalin 13.91
    glycerin 242.42
    diglyme 416.33
    acrylic acid 539.82
    isopropyl myristate 38.7
    n-butyric acid 619.46
    acetyl acetate 293.2
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 47.4
    ethyl propionate 221.43
    nitromethane 1306.73
    1,2-diethoxyethane 337.37
    benzonitrile 351.04
    trioctyl phosphate 28.9
    1-bromopropane 381.18
    gamma-valerolactone 525.46
    n-decanol 35.03
    triethyl phosphate 64.94
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 74.74
    propionitrile 593.21
    vinylene carbonate 350.99
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 582.47
    DMS 126.09
    cumene 41.3
    2-octanol 40.32
    2-hexanone 190.21
    octyl acetate 58.34
    limonene 71.97
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 426.09
    ethyl orthosilicate 66.76
    tributyl phosphate 42.25
    diacetone alcohol 160.42
    N,N-dimethylaniline 126.87
    acrylonitrile 824.07
    aniline 389.77
    1,3-propanediol 344.62
    bromobenzene 308.08
    dibromomethane 812.83
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 832.16
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 89.9
    tetrabutyl urea 58.64
    diisobutyl methanol 53.15
    2-phenylethanol 166.78
    styrene 133.89
    dioctyl adipate 70.1
    dimethyl sulfate 229.02
    ethyl butyrate 218.8
    methyl lactate 175.75
    butyl lactate 90.04
    diethyl carbonate 126.16
    propanediol butyl ether 114.78
    triethyl orthoformate 124.56
    p-tert-butyltoluene 40.94
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 97.35
    morpholine 656.13
    tert-butylamine 130.65
    n-dodecanol 26.65
    dimethoxymethane 371.54
    ethylene carbonate 270.72
    cyrene 106.8
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 206.82
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 131.3
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 277.09
    4-methylpyridine 695.43
    dibutyl ether 96.36
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 53.15
    DEF 478.42
    dimethyl isosorbide 166.15
    tetrachloroethylene 630.68
    eugenol 106.34
    triacetin 135.09
    span 80 110.03
    1,4-butanediol 131.86
    1,1-dichloroethane 614.87
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 165.25
    methyl formate 373.49
    2-methyl-1-butanol 201.11
    n-decane 9.26
    butyronitrile 479.85
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 58.94
    1-chlorooctane 38.98
    1-chlorotetradecane 13.71
    n-nonane 9.37
    undecane 6.55
    tert-butylcyclohexane 13.16
    cyclooctane 10.04
    cyclopentanol 186.13
    tetrahydropyran 378.79
    tert-amyl methyl ether 134.35
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 238.66
    1-hexene 110.3
    2-isopropoxyethanol 206.34
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 269.85
    methyl butyrate 275.12

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Orris butter 8002-73-1 Iris florentina L., fam. Iridaceae 0.01%
Celery plant 8015-90-5 Apium graveolens L. var. dulce, fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.01%
Colocasia esculenta (Taro) Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, fam. Araceae 6.9%
Chicory root, roasted 1a 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.01%
Chicory root, roasted 1b 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.02%
Spinach, cooked Spinacia oleracea L., fam. Oleraceae 0.05%