beta-Himachalene

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    1461-03-6

    Molecular formula
    C15H24

    SMILES
    CC1=C[C@H]2C(=C(CCCC2(C)C)C)CC1

    Retention indicies (RI)

    • DB5: 1497.75
    • Carbowax: 1718.0

  • Odor profile

    Woody 85.97%
    Sweet 59.38%
    Spicy 56.63%
    Dry 47.8%
    Amber 41.44%
    Balsamic 39.27%
    Cedar 34.3%
    Green 32.51%
    Tobacco 32.44%
    Powdery 31.85%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    3.9

    Molecular weight
    204.35 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Slow

    Boiling point est.
    270°C

    Flash point est.
    113.17 ˚C

  • Synonyms

    • beta-Himachalene
    • 1461-03-6
    • Himachalene
    • .beta.-Himachalene
    • (R)-beta-himachalene
    • (+)-.beta.-Himachalene
    • himachal-1(11),4-diene
    • F8Y2422O3M
    • (4aR)-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-1,2,4a,6,7,8-hexahydrobenzo[7]annulene
    • (R)-2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-1H-benzocycloheptene
    • (R)-3,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-benzo[7]annulene
    • (+)-2,4abeta,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-1H-benzocycloheptene
    • (4aR)-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-benzo[7]annulene
    • 1H-Benzocycloheptene, 2,4a.beta.,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-, (+)-
    • 1H-Benzocycloheptene, 2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-, (R)-
    • UNII-F8Y2422O3M
    • CHEBI:49208
    • LCOSCMLXPAQCLQ-AWEZNQCLSA-N
    • .BETA.-HIMACHALENE, (+)-
    • 1H-Benzocycloheptene, 2,4abeta,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-, (+)-
    • Q27121532
    • 1H-BENZOCYCLOHEPTENE, 2,4A,5,6,7,8-HEXAHYDRO-3,5,5,9-TETRAMETHYL-, (4AR)
    • 1H-Benzocycloheptene, 2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-, (4aR)-
    • 3,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-benzo[a]cycloheptene-, (R)-

  • Applications

    beta-Himachalene (CAS 1461-03-6) is a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon typical of cedarwood oils, used primarily in perfumery to enhance dry woody, balsamic, and slightly peppery cedar facets, to reconstruct cedar, leather, and smoky notes in fougère, chypre, and oriental accords, and—thanks to its low volatility—to extend the drydown and modulate top-to-base transitions; in flavor work it may be employed at trace levels within smoky/woody bases, while in analytics and quality control the α/β/γ himachalene ratio with β-himachalene serves as a marker of origin and adulteration via GC–MS fingerprinting; in chemical research it is a renewable feedstock for studying sesquiterpene oxidations, electrophilic additions, and isomerizations, and as a building block toward odorant derivatives and higher terpenoids; additionally, β-himachalene and enriched fractions have been investigated for antimicrobial, insect-repellent, and wood-protection effects in laboratory settings, although commercial use remains centered on fragrance; from a formulation standpoint it is water-insoluble but soluble in ethanol and oils, may benefit from antioxidants to limit autoxidation, and offers a bio-based option for “green” products.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 119.75
    methanol 47.09
    isopropanol 167.04
    water 0.04
    ethyl acetate 397.17
    n-propanol 176.61
    acetone 376.95
    n-butanol 240.17
    acetonitrile 158.88
    DMF 393.98
    toluene 803.76
    isobutanol 187.05
    1,4-dioxane 781.39
    methyl acetate 311.71
    THF 1567.89
    2-butanone 505.02
    n-pentanol 164.77
    sec-butanol 196.85
    n-hexane 240.25
    ethylene glycol 11.8
    NMP 499.75
    cyclohexane 456.0
    DMSO 192.82
    n-butyl acetate 736.66
    n-octanol 297.06
    chloroform 883.8
    n-propyl acetate 305.32
    acetic acid 64.29
    dichloromethane 712.27
    cyclohexanone 961.73
    propylene glycol 30.45
    isopropyl acetate 354.69
    DMAc 402.9
    2-ethoxyethanol 131.89
    isopentanol 238.28
    n-heptane 393.55
    ethyl formate 190.83
    1,2-dichloroethane 537.94
    n-hexanol 506.27
    2-methoxyethanol 165.61
    isobutyl acetate 307.09
    tetrachloromethane 236.25
    n-pentyl acetate 418.68
    transcutol 505.59
    n-heptanol 270.53
    ethylbenzene 407.44
    MIBK 383.58
    2-propoxyethanol 398.13
    tert-butanol 253.68
    MTBE 534.65
    2-butoxyethanol 250.54
    propionic acid 104.25
    o-xylene 466.48
    formic acid 6.66
    diethyl ether 537.72
    m-xylene 581.59
    p-xylene 462.88
    chlorobenzene 538.21
    dimethyl carbonate 149.41
    n-octane 145.09
    formamide 15.51
    cyclopentanone 981.11
    2-pentanone 507.84
    anisole 453.19
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 886.52
    gamma-butyrolactone 692.08
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 212.17
    pyridine 657.54
    3-pentanone 444.06
    furfural 422.53
    n-dodecane 102.99
    diethylene glycol 126.91
    diisopropyl ether 285.64
    tert-amyl alcohol 245.55
    acetylacetone 423.63
    n-hexadecane 122.15
    acetophenone 361.92
    methyl propionate 318.58
    isopentyl acetate 693.82
    trichloroethylene 805.0
    n-nonanol 262.91
    cyclohexanol 402.81
    benzyl alcohol 225.77
    2-ethylhexanol 424.47
    isooctanol 230.55
    dipropyl ether 709.39
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 459.96
    ethyl lactate 118.24
    propylene carbonate 423.32
    n-methylformamide 100.67
    2-pentanol 218.46
    n-pentane 214.55
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 396.96
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 507.53
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 278.13
    mesitylene 415.85
    ε-caprolactone 685.08
    p-cymene 404.1
    epichlorohydrin 737.43
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 662.76
    2-aminoethanol 34.58
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 502.81
    sulfolane 661.6
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 108.59
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 1088.79
    n-hexyl acetate 600.56
    isooctane 109.25
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 324.54
    sec-butyl acetate 275.68
    tert-butyl acetate 425.13
    decalin 212.26
    glycerin 36.88
    diglyme 571.2
    acrylic acid 74.6
    isopropyl myristate 319.31
    n-butyric acid 230.45
    acetyl acetate 231.45
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 216.9
    ethyl propionate 298.97
    nitromethane 139.79
    1,2-diethoxyethane 503.96
    benzonitrile 370.66
    trioctyl phosphate 197.78
    1-bromopropane 614.65
    gamma-valerolactone 802.82
    n-decanol 210.73
    triethyl phosphate 219.81
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 175.5
    propionitrile 254.13
    vinylene carbonate 348.07
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 257.1
    DMS 337.8
    cumene 299.32
    2-octanol 230.54
    2-hexanone 371.78
    octyl acetate 366.63
    limonene 578.55
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 425.63
    ethyl orthosilicate 220.76
    tributyl phosphate 215.48
    diacetone alcohol 298.09
    N,N-dimethylaniline 336.08
    acrylonitrile 201.89
    aniline 344.79
    1,3-propanediol 73.93
    bromobenzene 717.11
    dibromomethane 622.51
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 696.62
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 426.65
    tetrabutyl urea 285.61
    diisobutyl methanol 272.56
    2-phenylethanol 376.09
    styrene 428.6
    dioctyl adipate 325.79
    dimethyl sulfate 185.55
    ethyl butyrate 467.25
    methyl lactate 105.76
    butyl lactate 232.68
    diethyl carbonate 276.09
    propanediol butyl ether 191.23
    triethyl orthoformate 333.69
    p-tert-butyltoluene 411.89
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 396.27
    morpholine 709.48
    tert-butylamine 233.24
    n-dodecanol 177.81
    dimethoxymethane 375.56
    ethylene carbonate 329.16
    cyrene 248.06
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 404.27
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 656.82
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 489.82
    4-methylpyridine 756.19
    dibutyl ether 517.58
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 272.56
    DEF 433.41
    dimethyl isosorbide 586.75
    tetrachloroethylene 401.93
    eugenol 277.95
    triacetin 361.65
    span 80 287.72
    1,4-butanediol 36.86
    1,1-dichloroethane 558.4
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 178.26
    methyl formate 98.47
    2-methyl-1-butanol 231.75
    n-decane 170.37
    butyronitrile 346.16
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 297.23
    1-chlorooctane 397.05
    1-chlorotetradecane 179.86
    n-nonane 180.31
    undecane 128.7
    tert-butylcyclohexane 186.03
    cyclooctane 247.13
    cyclopentanol 357.4
    tetrahydropyran 1140.9
    tert-amyl methyl ether 431.57
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 393.93
    1-hexene 422.18
    2-isopropoxyethanol 147.72
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 27.19
    methyl butyrate 362.27

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Abies alba conifer 2 8021-27-0 Abies alba Mill., fam. Pinaceae 2.59%
Ambrosia artemisiafolia Ambrosia artemisiafolia (Catinga de bode), fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 33.78%
Amyris 1 8015-65-4 Amyris balsamifera L., fam. Rutaceae 0.4%
Shanqiu Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.et Hook.(Shanqiu),fam.Asteraceae (Comp.) 3.06%
Artemisia vestita (India) Artemisia vestita Wall. ex Dc., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 10.1%
Cedarwood, Mulanje Widdringtonia whytei Rendle, fam. Cupressaceae 3.6%
Hortensis leaf Euodia hortensis forma hortensis, fam. Saxifragaceae (Hydrangea) 0.6%
Hortensis flower Euodia hortensis forma hortensis, fam. Saxifragaceae (Hydrangea) 6.0%
Dracocephalum kotschyi Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss., fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.9%
Vanillosmopsis arborea bark Vanillosmopsis arborea Baker, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.75%
Ginger (Japan) 2 8007-08-7 Zingiber officinale Roscoe, fam. Zingiberaceae 0.4%
Pistacia lentiscus fruit 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 0.01%
Cedrus atlantica (Morocco) Cedrus atlantica Man., fam. Cupressaceae 43.5%
Cupressus funebris Cupressus funebris Endl., fam. Cupressaceae 0.54%
Psiadia viscosa Psiadia viscosa (Lam.) A.J. Scott, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.15%
Yarrow (Iran) 84082-83-7 Achillea millefolium L. ssp. millefolium, fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.2%
Citronella ceylon (Zimbabwe) Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, fam. Poaceae (Gramineae) 1.26%
Ambrosia microcephala Ambrosia microcephala DC., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 13.0%
Hyptis crenata (Brazil) Hyptis crenata Pohl ex Benth, fam. Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 0.4%
Ferula stenocarpa Ferula stenocarpa Boiss. & Hausskn., fam. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) 0.4%
Ruilopezia atropurpurea Ruilopezia atropurperea (A.C. Sm.) Cuatr., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.1%
Pistacia lentiscus (Italy) 2a CO2 extract berry 90082-83-0 Pistacia lentiscus L., fam. Anacardiaceae 1.2%
Pinus caribaea, var. hondurensis (Malaysia) Pinus caribaea Morelet var. hondurensis Barrett et Golfari, fam. Pinaceae 0.05%