2-Acetylpyrazine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    22047-25-2

    Molecular formula
    C6H6N2O

    SMILES
    CC(=O)C1=NC=CN=C1

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Nutty 89.09%
    Roasted 75.35%
    Popcorn 74.91%
    Hazelnut 56.83%
    Coffee 50.47%
    Musty 49.09%
    Burnt 45.4%
    Caramellic 41.35%
    Cocoa 41.07%
    Potato 38.41%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.2

    pKa est.
    4.2 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    122.12 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderate

    Boiling point est.
    222°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 75 - 77 °C

    Flash point est.
    103.71 ˚C

    Solubility expt.

    • slightly soluble in water; soluble in organic solvents
    • moderately soluble (in ethanol)

  • Synonyms

    • Acetylpyrazine
    • 2-ACETYLPYRAZINE
    • 22047-25-2
    • Ethanone, 1-pyrazinyl-
    • Methyl pyrazinyl ketone
    • 1-pyrazin-2-ylethanone
    • 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethanone
    • 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethan-1-one
    • 1-Pyrazinylethanone
    • Pyrazin-1-ylethan-1-one
    • Ketone, methyl pyrazinyl
    • Ethanone, 1-(2-pyrazinyl)-
    • Pyrazine der.
    • Ethanone, l-pyrazinyl-
    • MFCD00006134
    • 1-pyrazin-2-yl-ethanone
    • 1-Pyrazin-2-ylethan-1-one
    • FEMA No. 3126
    • GR391IBU5C
    • 1-pyrazinyl-ethanone
    • L-Pyrazinyl-Ethanone
    • DTXSID5047085
    • 2-acetyl-1,4-diazine
    • EINECS 244-753-5
    • NSC 72374
    • NSC-72374
    • 1-(2-Pyrazinyl)ethanone
    • UNII-GR391IBU5C
    • 1-(2-pyrazinyl)-ethanone
    • ACETYLPYRAZINE [FHFI]
    • AI3-34445
    • 2-ACETYLPYRAZINE [FCC]
    • DTXCID3027085
    • FEMA 3126
    • METHYL 2-PYRAZINYL KETONE
    • CHEBI:145236
    • 2-acetyl pyrazine
    • acetyl pyrazine
    • Acetylpyrazine, 97%
    • 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)-ethanone
    • SCHEMBL78340
    • 1-(2-Pyrazinyl)ethanone #
    • 1-(2-pyrazinyl)-1-ethanone
    • CHEMBL3188662
    • BCP29214
    • NSC72374
    • Tox21_302309
    • AC7524
    • BBL037027
    • s6261
    • STL560136
    • AKOS000265506
    • AB00602
    • AC-3203
    • CS-W007692
    • FA35640
    • HY-W007692
    • PS-5458
    • 2-Acetylpyrazine, >=99%, FCC, FG
    • NCGC00256085-01
    • SY004986
    • CAS-22047-25-2
    • DB-001327
    • DB-313499
    • A0988
    • NS00012989
    • EN300-67311
    • Q15726062
    • F2158-1508
    • Z513735920
    • 2-Acetylpyrazine pound>>1-Pyrazinylethanone pound>>1-pyrazin-2-yl-ethanone

  • Applications

    2-Acetylpyrazine (CAS 22047-25-2) is an archetypal pyrazine with an exceptionally low odor threshold that imparts an unmistakable roasted-corn, popcorn, nutty note, so it is widely employed as a FEMA-GRAS flavour in food: a few ppm enrich breads, savory snacks, cereals, chocolate, peanut butter, ice cream, coffee, soups, sauces, plant-based meat and pet food; in tobacco it is sprayed onto cut filler, paper, shisha and e-liquids to mellow harshness and build a toasted-nut profile; in perfumery and household fragrance it strengthens warm gourmand accords in fine fragrances, candles and air fresheners, and thanks to good heat stability and solubility in both oil and water it suits spray-dried, encapsulated or emulsion flavour systems; finally, 2-Acetylpyrazine also serves as a GC-MS reference standard, a sensory tracer in flavour science and a versatile heterocyclic intermediate in pharmaceutical synthesis.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 79.58
    methanol 139.05
    isopropanol 57.48
    water 35.02
    ethyl acetate 130.41
    n-propanol 61.13
    acetone 180.89
    n-butanol 48.61
    acetonitrile 146.46
    DMF 436.66
    toluene 35.44
    isobutanol 50.62
    1,4-dioxane 178.99
    methyl acetate 115.41
    THF 143.69
    2-butanone 124.45
    n-pentanol 38.25
    sec-butanol 51.04
    n-hexane 3.36
    ethylene glycol 65.06
    NMP 426.79
    cyclohexane 2.81
    DMSO 450.51
    n-butyl acetate 35.2
    n-octanol 17.51
    chloroform 143.58
    n-propyl acetate 36.84
    acetic acid 111.43
    dichloromethane 197.4
    cyclohexanone 135.48
    propylene glycol 42.77
    isopropyl acetate 49.55
    DMAc 456.35
    2-ethoxyethanol 95.8
    isopentanol 41.16
    n-heptane 3.48
    ethyl formate 100.14
    1,2-dichloroethane 123.93
    n-hexanol 29.45
    2-methoxyethanol 210.2
    isobutyl acetate 21.48
    tetrachloromethane 25.79
    n-pentyl acetate 25.13
    transcutol 151.23
    n-heptanol 16.74
    ethylbenzene 18.23
    MIBK 39.66
    2-propoxyethanol 80.59
    tert-butanol 61.51
    MTBE 45.69
    2-butoxyethanol 42.57
    propionic acid 84.09
    o-xylene 33.17
    formic acid 115.19
    diethyl ether 51.64
    m-xylene 28.5
    p-xylene 28.42
    chlorobenzene 55.28
    dimethyl carbonate 50.22
    n-octane 1.76
    formamide 145.93
    cyclopentanone 180.77
    2-pentanone 86.29
    anisole 49.03
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 68.03
    gamma-butyrolactone 251.06
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 111.5
    pyridine 121.58
    3-pentanone 82.93
    furfural 251.0
    n-dodecane 1.88
    diethylene glycol 100.49
    diisopropyl ether 12.18
    tert-amyl alcohol 54.6
    acetylacetone 110.87
    n-hexadecane 2.11
    acetophenone 59.87
    methyl propionate 119.74
    isopentyl acetate 31.24
    trichloroethylene 208.59
    n-nonanol 15.96
    cyclohexanol 44.23
    benzyl alcohol 49.05
    2-ethylhexanol 20.0
    isooctanol 15.49
    dipropyl ether 22.32
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 60.08
    ethyl lactate 33.33
    propylene carbonate 105.62
    n-methylformamide 211.34
    2-pentanol 30.25
    n-pentane 3.04
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 47.92
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 48.63
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 49.4
    mesitylene 17.57
    ε-caprolactone 120.79
    p-cymene 15.09
    epichlorohydrin 208.91
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 79.91
    2-aminoethanol 75.64
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 293.63
    sulfolane 293.74
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 3.58
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 116.22
    n-hexyl acetate 33.36
    isooctane 2.2
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 58.11
    sec-butyl acetate 24.89
    tert-butyl acetate 36.29
    decalin 4.0
    glycerin 96.64
    diglyme 113.27
    acrylic acid 84.93
    isopropyl myristate 13.37
    n-butyric acid 90.43
    acetyl acetate 59.2
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 19.84
    ethyl propionate 45.56
    nitromethane 290.36
    1,2-diethoxyethane 41.19
    benzonitrile 69.29
    trioctyl phosphate 14.18
    1-bromopropane 54.11
    gamma-valerolactone 247.63
    n-decanol 12.73
    triethyl phosphate 23.81
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 18.75
    propionitrile 88.25
    vinylene carbonate 106.64
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 167.17
    DMS 46.28
    cumene 15.74
    2-octanol 12.82
    2-hexanone 40.96
    octyl acetate 18.32
    limonene 19.11
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 144.79
    ethyl orthosilicate 21.33
    tributyl phosphate 17.31
    diacetone alcohol 60.05
    N,N-dimethylaniline 46.26
    acrylonitrile 128.99
    aniline 60.06
    1,3-propanediol 92.6
    bromobenzene 50.1
    dibromomethane 107.56
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 149.28
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 25.94
    tetrabutyl urea 28.14
    diisobutyl methanol 13.65
    2-phenylethanol 36.29
    styrene 21.26
    dioctyl adipate 22.38
    dimethyl sulfate 122.2
    ethyl butyrate 33.57
    methyl lactate 69.6
    butyl lactate 27.3
    diethyl carbonate 26.77
    propanediol butyl ether 41.49
    triethyl orthoformate 25.97
    p-tert-butyltoluene 13.74
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 42.94
    morpholine 161.91
    tert-butylamine 31.54
    n-dodecanol 10.31
    dimethoxymethane 138.92
    ethylene carbonate 80.46
    cyrene 66.96
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 42.54
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 24.71
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 71.94
    4-methylpyridine 137.18
    dibutyl ether 17.96
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 13.65
    DEF 172.4
    dimethyl isosorbide 79.13
    tetrachloroethylene 98.62
    eugenol 46.56
    triacetin 40.34
    span 80 33.2
    1,4-butanediol 43.27
    1,1-dichloroethane 103.0
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 36.36
    methyl formate 151.51
    2-methyl-1-butanol 44.52
    n-decane 2.72
    butyronitrile 80.69
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 20.12
    1-chlorooctane 11.14
    1-chlorotetradecane 5.47
    n-nonane 2.54
    undecane 2.24
    tert-butylcyclohexane 4.24
    cyclooctane 1.52
    cyclopentanol 59.83
    tetrahydropyran 75.8
    tert-amyl methyl ether 41.26
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 80.53
    1-hexene 13.27
    2-isopropoxyethanol 55.11
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 80.01
    methyl butyrate 60.76

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction