Zinc protoporphyrin

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    15442-64-5

    Molecular formula
    C34H32N4O4Zn

    SMILES
    CC1=C(C2=CC3=C(C(=C([N-]3)C=C4C(=C(C(=N4)C=C5C(=C(C(=N5)C=C1[N-]2)C)C=C)C)C=C)C)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)O.[Zn+2]

    Safety labels

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 50.08%
    Roasted 33.27%
    Meaty 25.52%
    Savory 25.13%
    Burnt 25.0%
    Cooked 24.34%
    Fruity 20.52%
    Fatty 20.45%
    Nutty 20.44%
    Milky 17.64%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 77.75%
    Odorless 40.81%
    Bland 21.71%
    Taco 20.7%
    Bread crust 20.56%
    Nitrile 20.53%
    Roasted peanuts 19.84%
    Sweet-like 19.79%
    Cedarleaf 19.57%
    Very strong 19.52%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    pKa est.
    3.27 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    626.0 g/mol

    Flash point

    • 298.15 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • 15442-64-5
    • Zinc protoporphyrin
    • ZnPP
    • ZINC PROTOPORPHYRIN IX
    • Zinc (II) Protoporphyrin IX
    • PROTOPORPHYRIN IX CONTAINING ZN
    • Zinc protoporphyrin-9
    • Zn-Protoporphyrin IX
    • GTPL8903
    • SCHEMBL29385607
    • SCHEMBL29470079
    • SCHEMBL29723578
    • QAA44264
    • Zincate(2-), [7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,18-dipropanoato(4-)-.kappa.N21,.kappa.N22,.kappa.N23,.kappa.N24]-, dihydrogen, (SP-4-2)-
    • F82107
    • Q204594
    • zinc 3-[(1Z,4Z,9Z,15Z)-18-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,7,12,17-tetramethyl-8,13-divinyl-21,23-dihydroporphyrin-2-yl]propanoic acid
    • zinc;3-[18-(2-carboxyethyl)-8,13-bis(ethenyl)-3,7,12,17-tetramethylporphyrin-21,24-diid-2-yl]propanoic acid
    • 15442-64-5

  • Applications

    Zinc protoporphyrin (CAS 15442-64-5) is a zinc-containing porphyrin used chiefly in clinical and research contexts related to heme. In clinical settings, it serves as a biomarker of iron status by measuring the ZnPP/Hb ratio in red blood cells to assess iron deficiency. In research, ZnPP is used as an inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) to study heme metabolism and degradation pathways. It has been explored as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and as a fluorescent imaging probe in biomedical research. In biochemical analysis, it is employed as a reagent/standard in assays involving heme biosynthesis and porphyrin metabolism.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.91
    methanol 2.16
    isopropanol 0.6
    water 0.01
    ethyl acetate 2.58
    n-propanol 1.15
    acetone 2.78
    n-butanol 0.86
    acetonitrile 0.97
    DMF 24.93
    toluene 0.59
    isobutanol 0.68
    1,4-dioxane 8.32
    methyl acetate 4.17
    THF 13.3
    2-butanone 4.6
    n-pentanol 0.85
    sec-butanol 0.82
    n-hexane 0.04
    ethylene glycol 0.65
    NMP 35.93
    cyclohexane 0.03
    DMSO 8.32
    n-butyl acetate 1.38
    n-octanol 0.27
    chloroform 15.94
    n-propyl acetate 2.01
    acetic acid 4.95
    dichloromethane 11.92
    cyclohexanone 5.49
    propylene glycol 1.09
    isopropyl acetate 1.44
    DMAc 40.12
    2-ethoxyethanol 5.48
    isopentanol 0.64
    n-heptane 0.03
    ethyl formate 2.1
    1,2-dichloroethane 3.77
    n-hexanol 0.4
    2-methoxyethanol 8.76
    isobutyl acetate 1.16
    tetrachloromethane 0.72
    n-pentyl acetate 1.37
    transcutol 8.7
    n-heptanol 0.41
    ethylbenzene 0.37
    MIBK 1.13
    2-propoxyethanol 6.76
    tert-butanol 0.48
    MTBE 0.79
    2-butoxyethanol 3.73
    propionic acid 3.09
    o-xylene 0.36
    formic acid 3.7
    diethyl ether 1.03
    m-xylene 0.3
    p-xylene 0.55
    chlorobenzene 1.54
    dimethyl carbonate 5.23
    n-octane 0.02
    formamide 5.11
    cyclopentanone 10.64
    2-pentanone 2.44
    anisole 2.01
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 2.02
    gamma-butyrolactone 14.9
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 6.07
    pyridine 8.27
    3-pentanone 2.56
    furfural 16.45
    n-dodecane 0.01
    diethylene glycol 4.7
    diisopropyl ether 0.19
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.71
    acetylacetone 4.22
    n-hexadecane 0.01
    acetophenone 2.95
    methyl propionate 4.65
    isopentyl acetate 1.25
    trichloroethylene 17.17
    n-nonanol 0.35
    cyclohexanol 0.67
    benzyl alcohol 2.05
    2-ethylhexanol 0.31
    isooctanol 0.37
    dipropyl ether 0.84
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 1.69
    ethyl lactate 2.28
    propylene carbonate 4.81
    n-methylformamide 7.23
    2-pentanol 0.47
    n-pentane 0.03
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 3.82
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 3.95
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 4.21
    mesitylene 0.13
    ε-caprolactone 6.9
    p-cymene 0.15
    epichlorohydrin 18.2
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 2.27
    2-aminoethanol 1.38
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 32.27
    sulfolane 18.16
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.02
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 3.86
    n-hexyl acetate 1.18
    isooctane 0.01
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 4.28
    sec-butyl acetate 1.3
    tert-butyl acetate 1.33
    decalin 0.03
    glycerin 3.56
    diglyme 10.51
    acrylic acid 4.71
    isopropyl myristate 0.45
    n-butyric acid 2.9
    acetyl acetate 1.97
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 1.05
    ethyl propionate 2.29
    nitromethane 15.44
    1,2-diethoxyethane 2.28
    benzonitrile 1.47
    trioctyl phosphate 0.49
    1-bromopropane 1.18
    gamma-valerolactone 32.89
    n-decanol 0.23
    triethyl phosphate 1.25
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.29
    propionitrile 1.15
    vinylene carbonate 6.82
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 23.39
    DMS 3.2
    cumene 0.21
    2-octanol 0.25
    2-hexanone 2.12
    octyl acetate 0.67
    limonene 0.19
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 10.33
    ethyl orthosilicate 1.18
    tributyl phosphate 0.63
    diacetone alcohol 2.39
    N,N-dimethylaniline 1.31
    acrylonitrile 2.68
    aniline 1.46
    1,3-propanediol 2.28
    bromobenzene 1.54
    dibromomethane 4.06
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 12.07
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 1.37
    tetrabutyl urea 1.24
    diisobutyl methanol 0.19
    2-phenylethanol 1.49
    styrene 0.5
    dioctyl adipate 1.25
    dimethyl sulfate 11.47
    ethyl butyrate 1.49
    methyl lactate 4.69
    butyl lactate 1.93
    diethyl carbonate 1.16
    propanediol butyl ether 2.43
    triethyl orthoformate 1.83
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.14
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 2.59
    morpholine 9.74
    tert-butylamine 0.17
    n-dodecanol 0.15
    dimethoxymethane 9.84
    ethylene carbonate 3.98
    cyrene 7.24
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 3.82
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 1.05
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 3.11
    4-methylpyridine 5.06
    dibutyl ether 0.49
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 0.19
    DEF 5.94
    dimethyl isosorbide 6.88
    tetrachloroethylene 5.72
    eugenol 3.29
    triacetin 3.3
    span 80 2.71
    1,4-butanediol 1.07
    1,1-dichloroethane 2.81
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.75
    methyl formate 5.92
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.79
    n-decane 0.02
    butyronitrile 0.83
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 0.25
    1-chlorooctane 0.14
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.05
    n-nonane 0.02
    undecane 0.02
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.02
    cyclooctane 0.01
    cyclopentanol 1.19
    tetrahydropyran 2.56
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.92
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 7.01
    1-hexene 0.2
    2-isopropoxyethanol 3.24
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 2.69
    methyl butyrate 2.87

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction