Trimellitic acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    528-44-9

    Molecular formula
    C9H6O6

    SMILES
    C1=CC(=C(C=C1C(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 63.91%
    Sour 43.8%
    Phenolic 33.94%
    Burnt 31.99%
    Nutty 29.35%
    Balsamic 28.88%
    Sharp 24.35%
    Aromatic 22.92%
    Clean 22.82%
    Winey 22.66%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 63.61%
    Nutty 49.17%
    Sour 41.49%
    Phenolic 38.85%
    Mild 38.21%
    Very mild 35.37%
    Faint 35.18%
    Musty 25.66%
    Urine 24.45%
    Caramellic 24.15%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.3

    pKa est.
    3.25 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    210.14 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    446°C

    Flash point

    • 246.31 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid
    • 528-44-9
    • TRIMELLITIC ACID
    • Benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid
    • 1,2,4-Tricarboxybenzene
    • 4-Carboxyphthalic acid
    • 1,3,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid
    • 1,4,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid
    • DTXSID3021487
    • 7NVY29MQ5F
    • NSC-72986
    • DTXCID101487
    • CHEBI:166055
    • RefChem:191724
    • 208-432-3
    • MFCD00002470
    • Trimellic Acid
    • 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylicacid
    • CAS-528-44-9
    • EINECS 208-432-3
    • NSC 72986
    • UNII-7NVY29MQ5F
    • BRN 2214815
    • GHM
    • 1,4-Tricarboxybenzene
    • WLN: QVR BVQ DVQ
    • SCHEMBL23861
    • 4-09-00-03746 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • 1,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid
    • TRIMELLITIC ACID [MI]
    • CHEMBL296024
    • SCHEMBL1314264
    • SCHEMBL2778570
    • SCHEMBL2779477
    • SCHEMBL11055063
    • SCHEMBL29350135
    • MSK2710
    • HMS1668A11
    • BB_SC-06480
    • NSC72986
    • Tox21_201939
    • Tox21_302990
    • AC2198
    • BBL011593
    • EBC-14263
    • SBB060455
    • STL163328
    • AKOS005716310
    • CCG-245088
    • CS-W015125
    • FB33024
    • NCGC00164021-01
    • NCGC00164021-02
    • NCGC00256331-01
    • NCGC00259488-01
    • AC-12673
    • AS-17898
    • SY010192
    • 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, >=99%
    • DB-071592
    • B0042
    • EU-0066742
    • NS00002199
    • ST50307841
    • EN300-24942
    • All Photos(1)1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid
    • AH-034/32470036
    • F358307
    • Benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, Trimellitic acid
    • Q2001805
    • Z203045298
    • InChI=1/C9H6O6/c10-7(11)4-1-2-5(8(12)13)6(3-4)9(14)15/h1-3H,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)(H,14,15
    • 528-44-9

  • Applications

    Trimellitic acid (CAS 528-44-9) is mainly used as a building block to prepare trimellitic anhydride, a key monomer for high-temperature polymers and coatings. It also serves as a functional monomer and component in alkyd, polyester, and epoxy resin systems, where it promotes crosslinking and network formation to enhance hardness, thermal stability, and adhesion of coatings and composites. The acid can be used to make polyimides and other specialty polymers for electronics and advanced materials, and as a versatile precursor for resin derivatives with carboxyl functionality that improve compatibility in formulations. Its use is subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 252.23
    methanol 566.24
    isopropanol 110.35
    water 108.69
    ethyl acetate 6.1
    n-propanol 109.05
    acetone 18.77
    n-butanol 40.32
    acetonitrile 3.4
    DMF 378.32
    toluene 2.14
    isobutanol 31.08
    1,4-dioxane 32.95
    methyl acetate 10.94
    THF 49.25
    2-butanone 22.16
    n-pentanol 15.44
    sec-butanol 64.96
    n-hexane 0.9
    ethylene glycol 211.72
    NMP 118.53
    cyclohexane 0.7
    DMSO 834.63
    n-butyl acetate 2.79
    n-octanol 14.38
    chloroform 0.49
    n-propyl acetate 1.32
    acetic acid 5.06
    dichloromethane 1.49
    cyclohexanone 3.88
    propylene glycol 90.42
    isopropyl acetate 3.15
    DMAc 219.37
    2-ethoxyethanol 109.37
    isopentanol 18.02
    n-heptane 1.45
    ethyl formate 3.93
    1,2-dichloroethane 3.28
    n-hexanol 14.57
    2-methoxyethanol 336.36
    isobutyl acetate 0.12
    tetrachloromethane 0.67
    n-pentyl acetate 3.82
    transcutol 55.64
    n-heptanol 15.3
    ethylbenzene 1.29
    MIBK 4.1
    2-propoxyethanol 60.34
    tert-butanol 76.85
    MTBE 20.61
    2-butoxyethanol 32.59
    propionic acid 14.6
    o-xylene 3.72
    formic acid 69.29
    diethyl ether 42.59
    m-xylene 1.82
    p-xylene 0.66
    chlorobenzene 0.25
    dimethyl carbonate 11.17
    n-octane 0.71
    formamide 221.56
    cyclopentanone 11.61
    2-pentanone 12.11
    anisole 4.94
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 17.04
    gamma-butyrolactone 12.36
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 183.52
    pyridine 11.61
    3-pentanone 13.71
    furfural 8.99
    n-dodecane 0.36
    diethylene glycol 83.71
    diisopropyl ether 4.6
    tert-amyl alcohol 57.61
    acetylacetone 5.41
    n-hexadecane 0.38
    acetophenone 3.53
    methyl propionate 19.7
    isopentyl acetate 1.58
    trichloroethylene 1.39
    n-nonanol 12.25
    cyclohexanol 10.53
    benzyl alcohol 5.54
    2-ethylhexanol 4.28
    isooctanol 6.8
    dipropyl ether 9.91
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.39
    ethyl lactate 4.89
    propylene carbonate 1.89
    n-methylformamide 158.95
    2-pentanol 28.65
    n-pentane 2.25
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 31.58
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 7.94
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 16.48
    mesitylene 1.39
    ε-caprolactone 4.47
    p-cymene 1.47
    epichlorohydrin 16.53
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.39
    2-aminoethanol 235.12
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 55.61
    sulfolane 42.45
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.55
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 21.1
    n-hexyl acetate 5.76
    isooctane 0.21
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 29.37
    sec-butyl acetate 0.71
    tert-butyl acetate 4.61
    decalin 0.27
    glycerin 113.45
    diglyme 45.29
    acrylic acid 11.78
    isopropyl myristate 2.09
    n-butyric acid 5.48
    acetyl acetate 0.94
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 2.18
    ethyl propionate 3.1
    nitromethane 12.55
    1,2-diethoxyethane 11.87
    benzonitrile 0.75
    trioctyl phosphate 2.44
    1-bromopropane 2.91
    gamma-valerolactone 13.86
    n-decanol 8.08
    triethyl phosphate 2.2
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 6.98
    propionitrile 4.68
    vinylene carbonate 1.34
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 17.37
    DMS 3.71
    cumene 0.85
    2-octanol 9.19
    2-hexanone 2.3
    octyl acetate 3.8
    limonene 2.23
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 59.94
    ethyl orthosilicate 2.11
    tributyl phosphate 1.64
    diacetone alcohol 18.57
    N,N-dimethylaniline 6.99
    acrylonitrile 6.38
    aniline 6.45
    1,3-propanediol 134.75
    bromobenzene 0.18
    dibromomethane 1.02
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 2.41
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 1.17
    tetrabutyl urea 4.69
    diisobutyl methanol 2.95
    2-phenylethanol 5.57
    styrene 1.02
    dioctyl adipate 2.38
    dimethyl sulfate 27.92
    ethyl butyrate 2.1
    methyl lactate 28.04
    butyl lactate 5.88
    diethyl carbonate 1.42
    propanediol butyl ether 23.79
    triethyl orthoformate 2.42
    p-tert-butyltoluene 1.58
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 9.68
    morpholine 75.04
    tert-butylamine 29.25
    n-dodecanol 4.78
    dimethoxymethane 196.93
    ethylene carbonate 1.08
    cyrene 11.3
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 6.99
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 1.16
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.61
    4-methylpyridine 5.68
    dibutyl ether 4.33
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 2.95
    DEF 43.2
    dimethyl isosorbide 14.33
    tetrachloroethylene 3.43
    eugenol 9.8
    triacetin 3.63
    span 80 9.73
    1,4-butanediol 40.82
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.79
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 7.03
    methyl formate 38.55
    2-methyl-1-butanol 23.95
    n-decane 0.78
    butyronitrile 2.5
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 5.29
    1-chlorooctane 2.23
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.71
    n-nonane 0.8
    undecane 0.52
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.2
    cyclooctane 0.55
    cyclopentanol 20.06
    tetrahydropyran 12.59
    tert-amyl methyl ether 22.82
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 28.93
    1-hexene 1.98
    2-isopropoxyethanol 27.4
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 6.89
    methyl butyrate 2.63

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction