Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    97-99-4

    Molecular formula
    C5H10O2

    SMILES
    C1CC(OC1)CO

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fruity 69.81%
    Ethereal 57.87%
    Fermented 53.91%
    Oily 50.97%
    Caramellic 50.91%
    Solvent 50.86%
    Alcoholic 48.42%
    Sweet 45.94%
    Buttery 35.49%
    Musty 33.77%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -0.1

    pKa est.
    7.14 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    102.13 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderately fast

    Melting point expt.

    • Less than -80 °C
    • < -80 °C

    Boiling point

    • 178 °C @ 760 mm Hg
    • 178.00 to 179.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
    • 178 °C

    Flash point est.
    74.73 ˚C

    Flash point expt.

    • 167 °F (NFPA, 2010)
    • 75 °C
    • 167 °F (75 °C) (OPEN CUP)
    • 74 °C c.c.

    Solubility expt.

    • Miscible with water, alcohol, ether, acetone, chloroform, benzene
    • 1000 mg/mL at 25 °C
    • Solubility in water: miscible
    • Soluble in water, fats
    • Soluble (in ethanol)

  • Synonyms

    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL
    • 97-99-4
    • (Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol
    • Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol
    • oxolan-2-ylmethanol
    • THFA
    • 2-Furanmethanol, tetrahydro-
    • Tetrahydro-2-furanylmethanol
    • tetrahydro furfuryl alcohol
    • QO Thfa
    • Furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydro-
    • Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol
    • Tetrahydrofuryl carbinol
    • Tetrahydro-2-furfuryl alcohol
    • Tetrahydrofurylalkohol
    • Tetrahydro-2-furylmethanol
    • 2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran
    • tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethanol
    • Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol
    • FEMA No. 3056
    • Tetrahydrofurylmethanol
    • NSC 15434
    • Tetrahydrofurylalkohol [Czech]
    • CCRIS 2923
    • DTXSID1029128
    • HSDB 5314
    • Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol [Czech]
    • EINECS 202-625-6
    • Oxolan-2-methanol
    • MFCD00005372
    • BRN 0102723
    • 2-Hydroxymethyl-Tetrahydrofuran
    • AI3-00104
    • XD95821VF9
    • NSC-15434
    • DTXCID909128
    • CHEBI:137944
    • .alpha.-Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
    • EC 202-625-6
    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [MI]
    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [FCC]
    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [FHFI]
    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]
    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL, (+/-)-
    • 93842-55-8
    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYLALCOHOL
    • TETRAHYDROFURYLALKOHOL (CZECH)
    • CAS-97-99-4
    • (oxolan-2-yl)methanol
    • Furanmethanol, tetrahydro-
    • UNII-XD95821VF9
    • MFCD03093085
    • MFCD04972320
    • [(2R)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methanol
    • Thfa (van)
    • tetrahydrofuranmethanol
    • tetrahydrofuran-methanol
    • Tetrahydro2furancarbinol
    • Tetrahydro2furanmethanol
    • Tetrahydro2furylmethanol
    • 2-Hydroxymethyl oxolane
    • tetrahydrofuran--methanol
    • Tetrahydro2furanylmethanol
    • tetrahydrofuran - methanol
    • tetrahydrofuran-2-methanol
    • 2Furanmethanol, tetrahydro
    • Tetrahydro2furfuryl alcohol
    • WLN: T5OTJ B1Q
    • 2-tetrahydrofuranyl-methanol
    • SCHEMBL4208
    • Furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydro
    • Qo tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
    • (tetrahydro-2furanyl)methanol
    • 2-hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran
    • tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethanol
    • 2-hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofuran
    • 2(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran
    • alpha-Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
    • Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 8CI
    • CHEMBL2287521
    • rac-tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethanol
    • (RS)-tetrahydrofuran-2-methanol
    • FEMA 3056
    • Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 98%
    • Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 99%
    • (tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-methanol
    • Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol; THFA
    • (R)-(-)-Tetrahydrofurfurylalcohol
    • rac-2-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran
    • NSC15434
    • Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, >=98%
    • Furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydro-(8CI)
    • Tox21_201324
    • Tox21_303393
    • STL280495
    • AKOS000118902
    • AKOS016352940
    • CS-W004058
    • FT14753
    • SB44757
    • SB44818
    • NCGC00249026-01
    • NCGC00257256-01
    • NCGC00258876-01
    • TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [INCI]
    • SY106537
    • SY227666
    • DB-016193
    • NS00001853
    • T0106
    • EN300-19349
    • Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, analytical standard
    • D77646
    • Q2406741
    • F0001-0790
    • 202-625-6

  • Applications

    Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA, CAS 97-99-4) is a low-volatility, bio-based solvent derived from bagasse-sourced furfural that is widely adopted in water-borne coatings, printing inks and industrial cleaners for its ability to improve flow, defoaming and substrate wetting; in organic synthesis it serves as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, flavours, fragrances and other complex heterocycles; in polymer technology it functions as an epoxy modifier, polyurethane plasticiser and cross-linking aid for alkyd resins, delivering added flexibility and impact resistance; foundries use THFA as the key component in cold-setting sand binders, providing strong bonds at low temperatures; the micro-electronics sector employs it to clean metal-rich surfaces, while bio-based paint strippers, degreasers and precision cleaning fluids rely on its excellent solvency and controlled evaporation; it is additionally blended into biofuels to raise octane and cut emissions, and used as an extraction solvent for natural aromas, all benefits stemming from its high solvency power, rapid biodegradability and favourable health-and-environment profile.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 2057.67
    methanol 3185.39
    isopropanol 1016.32
    water 144.64
    ethyl acetate 415.83
    n-propanol 1130.25
    acetone 522.81
    n-butanol 848.5
    acetonitrile 583.52
    DMF 695.57
    toluene 45.12
    isobutanol 587.4
    1,4-dioxane 750.86
    methyl acetate 349.0
    THF 1000.4
    2-butanone 299.72
    n-pentanol 372.89
    sec-butanol 567.73
    n-hexane 13.2
    ethylene glycol 721.92
    NMP 461.47
    cyclohexane 32.0
    DMSO 1157.15
    n-butyl acetate 224.54
    n-octanol 111.35
    chloroform 884.58
    n-propyl acetate 166.12
    acetic acid 2478.37
    dichloromethane 759.61
    cyclohexanone 378.2
    propylene glycol 543.8
    isopropyl acetate 166.85
    DMAc 322.01
    2-ethoxyethanol 648.53
    isopentanol 437.91
    n-heptane 21.58
    ethyl formate 395.29
    1,2-dichloroethane 330.49
    n-hexanol 311.09
    2-methoxyethanol 1371.35
    isobutyl acetate 87.15
    tetrachloromethane 125.08
    n-pentyl acetate 110.81
    transcutol 1304.9
    n-heptanol 124.11
    ethylbenzene 17.12
    MIBK 127.79
    2-propoxyethanol 579.92
    tert-butanol 645.85
    MTBE 190.8
    2-butoxyethanol 276.06
    propionic acid 933.99
    o-xylene 33.27
    formic acid 1878.69
    diethyl ether 319.14
    m-xylene 36.79
    p-xylene 27.37
    chlorobenzene 117.22
    dimethyl carbonate 74.11
    n-octane 7.36
    formamide 1436.17
    cyclopentanone 494.31
    2-pentanone 250.72
    anisole 89.89
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 287.84
    gamma-butyrolactone 744.6
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 678.06
    pyridine 407.59
    3-pentanone 140.09
    furfural 602.92
    n-dodecane 6.45
    diethylene glycol 673.75
    diisopropyl ether 54.8
    tert-amyl alcohol 339.54
    acetylacetone 231.43
    n-hexadecane 6.85
    acetophenone 84.81
    methyl propionate 240.38
    isopentyl acetate 144.36
    trichloroethylene 597.66
    n-nonanol 94.36
    cyclohexanol 373.63
    benzyl alcohol 141.85
    2-ethylhexanol 122.35
    isooctanol 91.63
    dipropyl ether 133.61
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 99.67
    ethyl lactate 102.06
    propylene carbonate 324.86
    n-methylformamide 811.65
    2-pentanol 350.72
    n-pentane 26.25
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 357.81
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 193.17
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 191.14
    mesitylene 27.05
    ε-caprolactone 364.51
    p-cymene 27.69
    epichlorohydrin 611.71
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 234.73
    2-aminoethanol 1070.83
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 560.21
    sulfolane 562.62
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 12.52
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 563.6
    n-hexyl acetate 137.15
    isooctane 11.4
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 327.95
    sec-butyl acetate 83.84
    tert-butyl acetate 132.57
    decalin 9.35
    glycerin 707.22
    diglyme 537.61
    acrylic acid 836.5
    isopropyl myristate 49.13
    n-butyric acid 1089.52
    acetyl acetate 208.04
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 60.39
    ethyl propionate 109.94
    nitromethane 1519.23
    1,2-diethoxyethane 268.89
    benzonitrile 167.78
    trioctyl phosphate 44.93
    1-bromopropane 174.82
    gamma-valerolactone 632.83
    n-decanol 66.58
    triethyl phosphate 55.33
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 138.97
    propionitrile 377.28
    vinylene carbonate 310.84
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 544.5
    DMS 88.02
    cumene 17.64
    2-octanol 69.98
    2-hexanone 134.33
    octyl acetate 69.02
    limonene 47.7
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 501.74
    ethyl orthosilicate 56.66
    tributyl phosphate 57.03
    diacetone alcohol 213.13
    N,N-dimethylaniline 55.12
    acrylonitrile 455.47
    aniline 197.74
    1,3-propanediol 1120.84
    bromobenzene 86.49
    dibromomethane 406.59
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 407.49
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 83.79
    tetrabutyl urea 66.23
    diisobutyl methanol 65.33
    2-phenylethanol 138.49
    styrene 27.18
    dioctyl adipate 80.82
    dimethyl sulfate 118.63
    ethyl butyrate 143.34
    methyl lactate 165.74
    butyl lactate 106.87
    diethyl carbonate 81.41
    propanediol butyl ether 244.76
    triethyl orthoformate 96.91
    p-tert-butyltoluene 27.55
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 99.86
    morpholine 999.44
    tert-butylamine 316.36
    n-dodecanol 49.88
    dimethoxymethane 350.37
    ethylene carbonate 272.72
    cyrene 149.89
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 160.22
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 99.32
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 125.11
    4-methylpyridine 237.76
    dibutyl ether 96.93
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 65.33
    DEF 282.66
    dimethyl isosorbide 242.5
    tetrachloroethylene 345.34
    eugenol 125.1
    triacetin 139.33
    span 80 182.38
    1,4-butanediol 415.83
    1,1-dichloroethane 314.56
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 199.29
    methyl formate 452.05
    2-methyl-1-butanol 393.35
    n-decane 10.96
    butyronitrile 408.21
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 100.79
    1-chlorooctane 43.06
    1-chlorotetradecane 16.89
    n-nonane 10.27
    undecane 7.86
    tert-butylcyclohexane 9.68
    cyclooctane 9.71
    cyclopentanol 540.51
    tetrahydropyran 586.75
    tert-amyl methyl ether 122.98
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 358.26
    1-hexene 51.2
    2-isopropoxyethanol 313.76
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 709.93
    methyl butyrate 174.43

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction