Succinimide

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    123-56-8

    Molecular formula
    C4H5NO2

    SMILES
    C1CC(=O)NC1=O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Sweet 58.63%
    Caramellic 40.67%
    Burnt 39.86%
    Nutty 38.24%
    Odorless 34.3%
    Spicy 24.64%
    Ethereal 24.42%
    Buttery 21.3%
    Roasted 20.55%
    Tobacco 19.95%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 32.21%
    Odorless 30.39%
    Very mild 21.24%
    Fenugreek 21.19%
    Extremely sweet 20.44%
    Cotton candy 20.44%
    Maple syrup 20.32%
    Urine 20.24%
    Seedy 20.23%
    Formyl 20.17%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.0

    pKa est.
    8.99 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    99.09 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    294°C

    Flash point

    • 149.04 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • SUCCINIMIDE
    • 123-56-8
    • pyrrolidine-2,5-dione
    • 2,5-Pyrrolidinedione
    • Butanimide
    • 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidine
    • Succinic acid imide
    • 2,5-Diketopyrrolidine
    • Succinic imide
    • 3,4-Dihydropyrrole-2,5-dione
    • Dihydro-3-pyrroline-2,5-dione
    • NSC-11204
    • DTXSID8051629
    • CHEBI:9307
    • 10X90O3503
    • DTXCID3030181
    • RefChem:6266
    • 204-635-6
    • 679-911-6
    • Succinimide-sauba
    • 3,4-Dihydropyrrolidine
    • MFCD00005495
    • NSC 11204
    • SUCCIMIDE
    • azolidine-2,5-dione
    • Mercury, disuccinimido-
    • WLN: T5VMVTJ
    • 2, mercury(2+) salt
    • Succinimide, mercury(2+) salt
    • EINECS 204-635-6
    • BRN 0108440
    • succinimid
    • cis-succinimide
    • AI3-08539
    • UNII-10X90O3503
    • 2,5dioxopyrrolidine
    • Lubrizol 6406
    • pyrroldine-2,5-dione
    • SUCCINIMIDE [MI]
    • SCHEMBL774
    • EC 204-635-6
    • SUCCINIMIDE [MART.]
    • SCHEMBL18634
    • SUCCINIMIDE [WHO-DD]
    • 5-21-09-00438 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • SCHEMBL867714
    • BDBM7814
    • CHEMBL275661
    • orb3029565
    • SCHEMBL1466558
    • SCHEMBL1600526
    • SCHEMBL3675094
    • SCHEMBL10203348
    • SCHEMBL11190350
    • BB_SC-06814
    • NSC11204
    • NSC13114
    • NSC38417
    • NSC41221
    • NSC49152
    • Tox21_303851
    • EBC-04371
    • NSC-13114
    • NSC-49152
    • SBB040866
    • STL163344
    • AKOS000118776
    • DB13376
    • NCGC00357119-01
    • BP-21153
    • CAS-123-56-8
    • HY-41877
    • CS-0019112
    • NS00001653
    • ST50214456
    • EN300-17963
    • C07273
    • D08532
    • F358203
    • Q419430
    • Z57127349
    • F1908-0169
    • 1BBF5533-77F1-4B20-96F3-0BB022C36CD3
    • InChI=1/C4H5NO2/c6-3-1-2-4(7)5-3/h1-2H2,(H,5,6,7
    • 25950-42-9
    • 123-56-8

  • Applications

    Succinimide (CAS 123-56-8) is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis and as a precursor to reactive imide derivatives. It is commonly employed to prepare N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) esters, which are widely used in bioconjugation workflows for labeling proteins, antibodies, and peptides. In materials chemistry, succinimide and its derivatives serve as building blocks for imide-containing polymers and for crosslinkers in coatings and inks. It is evaluated for use in polymer and resin formulations to introduce reactive succinimide functionality. Its role is typically as a reagent or scaffold, with applications governed by specific formulation constraints and regulatory considerations.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 80.66
    methanol 199.2
    isopropanol 51.09
    water 154.14
    ethyl acetate 16.48
    n-propanol 38.87
    acetone 61.77
    n-butanol 26.49
    acetonitrile 57.4
    DMF 300.46
    toluene 2.27
    isobutanol 28.25
    1,4-dioxane 48.36
    methyl acetate 36.52
    THF 49.92
    2-butanone 36.28
    n-pentanol 20.66
    sec-butanol 32.32
    n-hexane 0.71
    ethylene glycol 80.03
    NMP 215.06
    cyclohexane 0.34
    DMSO 208.67
    n-butyl acetate 9.79
    n-octanol 9.61
    chloroform 19.38
    n-propyl acetate 13.9
    acetic acid 155.93
    dichloromethane 22.54
    cyclohexanone 29.89
    propylene glycol 84.15
    isopropyl acetate 9.75
    DMAc 294.31
    2-ethoxyethanol 72.1
    isopentanol 22.13
    n-heptane 0.46
    ethyl formate 36.18
    1,2-dichloroethane 11.12
    n-hexanol 10.11
    2-methoxyethanol 141.96
    isobutyl acetate 8.43
    tetrachloromethane 2.12
    n-pentyl acetate 9.13
    transcutol 91.55
    n-heptanol 7.65
    ethylbenzene 2.77
    MIBK 12.1
    2-propoxyethanol 44.64
    tert-butanol 40.65
    MTBE 15.52
    2-butoxyethanol 27.65
    propionic acid 62.07
    o-xylene 3.59
    formic acid 203.77
    diethyl ether 10.35
    m-xylene 2.6
    p-xylene 4.85
    chlorobenzene 5.38
    dimethyl carbonate 23.3
    n-octane 0.3
    formamide 196.22
    cyclopentanone 53.55
    2-pentanone 17.98
    anisole 15.25
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 13.24
    gamma-butyrolactone 94.04
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 87.24
    pyridine 30.99
    3-pentanone 13.04
    furfural 105.57
    n-dodecane 0.41
    diethylene glycol 66.5
    diisopropyl ether 2.7
    tert-amyl alcohol 31.94
    acetylacetone 24.7
    n-hexadecane 0.44
    acetophenone 21.53
    methyl propionate 24.64
    isopentyl acetate 9.94
    trichloroethylene 23.76
    n-nonanol 8.35
    cyclohexanol 13.15
    benzyl alcohol 21.79
    2-ethylhexanol 5.8
    isooctanol 6.64
    dipropyl ether 5.48
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 6.75
    ethyl lactate 21.35
    propylene carbonate 46.25
    n-methylformamide 144.13
    2-pentanol 13.74
    n-pentane 0.5
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 26.04
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 17.06
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 37.18
    mesitylene 2.03
    ε-caprolactone 35.49
    p-cymene 2.47
    epichlorohydrin 56.48
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 7.13
    2-aminoethanol 90.1
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 153.54
    sulfolane 106.46
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.59
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 27.7
    n-hexyl acetate 14.4
    isooctane 0.35
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 38.4
    sec-butyl acetate 8.28
    tert-butyl acetate 10.2
    decalin 0.63
    glycerin 126.2
    diglyme 65.35
    acrylic acid 82.29
    isopropyl myristate 5.89
    n-butyric acid 38.07
    acetyl acetate 12.84
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 11.68
    ethyl propionate 14.2
    nitromethane 190.3
    1,2-diethoxyethane 14.78
    benzonitrile 21.32
    trioctyl phosphate 7.18
    1-bromopropane 5.07
    gamma-valerolactone 102.29
    n-decanol 6.15
    triethyl phosphate 8.66
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 8.43
    propionitrile 27.36
    vinylene carbonate 50.42
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 71.78
    DMS 18.88
    cumene 2.99
    2-octanol 5.56
    2-hexanone 16.22
    octyl acetate 8.49
    limonene 3.04
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 80.02
    ethyl orthosilicate 7.26
    tributyl phosphate 9.21
    diacetone alcohol 26.6
    N,N-dimethylaniline 15.23
    acrylonitrile 49.09
    aniline 12.0
    1,3-propanediol 77.95
    bromobenzene 3.54
    dibromomethane 9.64
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 17.94
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 9.95
    tetrabutyl urea 14.3
    diisobutyl methanol 3.94
    2-phenylethanol 12.84
    styrene 3.38
    dioctyl adipate 11.48
    dimethyl sulfate 52.57
    ethyl butyrate 9.67
    methyl lactate 42.89
    butyl lactate 16.77
    diethyl carbonate 9.08
    propanediol butyl ether 39.84
    triethyl orthoformate 8.55
    p-tert-butyltoluene 2.33
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 22.11
    morpholine 63.3
    tert-butylamine 15.71
    n-dodecanol 4.58
    dimethoxymethane 65.92
    ethylene carbonate 32.52
    cyrene 51.3
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 15.9
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 7.42
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 10.51
    4-methylpyridine 32.32
    dibutyl ether 6.12
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 3.94
    DEF 40.49
    dimethyl isosorbide 41.38
    tetrachloroethylene 9.94
    eugenol 26.75
    triacetin 23.62
    span 80 26.57
    1,4-butanediol 41.41
    1,1-dichloroethane 10.27
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 18.07
    methyl formate 96.1
    2-methyl-1-butanol 22.43
    n-decane 0.58
    butyronitrile 21.3
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 8.55
    1-chlorooctane 2.5
    1-chlorotetradecane 1.27
    n-nonane 0.51
    undecane 0.47
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.69
    cyclooctane 0.17
    cyclopentanol 25.71
    tetrahydropyran 16.12
    tert-amyl methyl ether 12.52
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 48.23
    1-hexene 2.84
    2-isopropoxyethanol 35.49
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 74.25
    methyl butyrate 20.95

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction