Strychnine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    57-24-9

    Molecular formula
    C21H22N2O2

    SMILES
    C1CN2CC3=CCO[C@H]4CC(=O)N5[C@H]6[C@H]4[C@H]3C[C@H]2[C@@]61C7=CC=CC=C75

    Safety labels

    Acute Toxic
    Acute Toxic

    Environmental Hazard
    Environmental

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 38.26%
    Nutty 33.27%
    Animal 25.0%
    Roasted 23.17%
    Fishy 23.16%
    Spicy 22.69%
    Popcorn 22.47%
    Earthy 21.05%
    Sweet 18.97%
    Burnt 18.6%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 92.72%
    Cedarleaf 17.69%
    Alkaline 17.56%
    Cereal 17.46%
    Sweet-like 17.25%
    Indole 16.68%
    Very strong 16.64%
    Nitrile 16.36%
    Shrimp 16.27%
    Animal 16.23%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

    Odor threshold

    • Detection thresholds: 1.60 x 10(-6) mol/L water; 6.0 x 10(-4) mg/L water; 4.0 x 10(-4) g/L water /Strychnine hydrochloride/

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    1.9

    pKa est.
    6.14 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    334.4 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 514 to 554 °F (EPA, 1998)
    • 284 °C
    • MP: 300 °C, decomposes. Soluble in water, ethanol, methanol; insoluble in ethyl ether; slightly soluble in chloroform /Strchnine sulfate/
    • MP: >199 °C; 30 g/L water at 15 °C /Strychnine sulfate/
    • 275-285 °C
    • 514 °F

    Boiling point

    • 518 °F at 5 mmHg (EPA, 1998)
    • BP: 270 °C at 5 mm Hg
    • 518 °F at 5 mmHg
    • Decomposes

    Flash point

    • 221.12 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 0.02 % (NIOSH, 2024)
    • In water, 160 mg/L at 25 °C
    • In water, 160 mg/L at 25 °C
    • 6.7 g/L ethanol
    • One gram dissolves in 182 mL ethanol, 6.5 mL chloroform, 150 mL benzene, 250 mL methanol, 83 mL pyridine
    • For more Solubility (Complete) data for Strychnine (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
    • Solubility in water: none
    • 0.02%

  • Synonyms

    • strychnine
    • Strychnidin-10-one
    • 57-24-9
    • (-)-Strychnine
    • Sanaseed
    • Certox
    • Mole death
    • Strychninum
    • Gopher bait
    • Gopher-gitter
    • Boomer-rid
    • Hare-Rid
    • Mouse-tox
    • Kwik-kil
    • Ro-Dex
    • RCRA waste number P108
    • Stricnina
    • Strychnos
    • Mouse-nots
    • H9Y79VD43J
    • Mouse-rid
    • DTXSID6023600
    • CHEBI:28973
    • Dolco mouse cereal
    • NSC-5365
    • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076901
    • Pied piper mouse seed
    • DTXCID503600
    • (4br,7as,8ar,13S,13ar,13bs)-5,6,7a,8,8a,11,13a,13b-octahydro-13H-13,14-ethano-7,9-methanooxepino(3,4-a)pyrrolo(2,3-d)carbazol-15-one
    • Strynchnos
    • (4aR,5aS,8aR,13aS,15aS,15bR)-4a,5,5a,7,8,13a,15,15a,15b,16-decahydro-2H-4,6-methanoindolo[3,2,1-ij]oxepino[2,3,4-de]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinolin-14-one
    • NUX-VOMICA
    • (1R,11S,18S,20R,21R,22S)-12-oxa-8,17-diazaheptacyclo(15.5.2.0^(1,18).0^(2,7).0^(8,22).0^(11,21).0^(15,20))tetracosa-2,4,6,14-tetraen-9-one
    • (1R,11S,18S,20R,21R,22S)-12-oxa-8,17-diazaheptacyclo[15.5.2.0^{1,18}.0^{2,7}.0^{8,22}.0^{11,21}.0^{15,20}]tetracosa-2,4,6,14-tetraen-9-one
    • (4aR,5aS,8aR,13aS,15aS,15bR)-4a,5,5a,7,8,13a,15,15a,15b,16-decahydro-2H-4,6-methanoindolo(3,2,1-ij)oxepino(2,3,4-de)pyrrolo(2,3-h)quinolin-14-one
    • (4bR,7aS,8aR,13S,13aR,13bS)-5,6,7a,8,8a,11,13a,13b-octahydro-13H-13,14-ethano-7,9-methanooxepino[3,4-a]pyrrolo[2,3-d]carbazol-15-one
    • Nitrate, Strychnine
    • RefChem:6264
    • (4aR,5aS,8aR,13aS,15aS,15bR)-4a,5,5a,7,8,13a,15,15a,15b,16-decahydro-2H-4,6-methanoindolo(3,2,1-ij)oxepino(2,3,4-de)pyrrolo(2,3-h)quinoline-14-one
    • 12-oxa-8,17-diazaheptacyclo(15.5.2.01,18.02,7.08,22.011,21.015,20)tetracosa-2,4,6,14-tetraen-9-one
    • 200-319-7
    • (4aR,4a1R,5aS,8aR,8a1S,15aS)-4a1,5,5a,7,8,8a1,15,15a-octahydro-2H-4,6-methanoindolo[3,2,1-ij]oxepino[2,3,4-de]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinolin-14(4aH)-one
    • Estricnina
    • Strychinos
    • NSC 5365
    • [3H]strychnine
    • Strychnine [NF]
    • (11S,18S,22S,1R,20R,21R)-12-oxa-8,17-diazaheptacyclo[15.5.2.0<1,18>.0<2,7>.0<8 ,22>.0<11,21>.0<15,20>]tetracosa-2,4,6,14-tetraen-9-one
    • Strychnin [German]
    • Stricnina [Italian]
    • Caswell No. 805
    • Strychnine [BSI:ISO]
    • UNII-H9Y79VD43J
    • Vauquline
    • Strychnine CRS
    • HSDB 2001
    • NCGC00163241-01
    • SY9
    • (-)-Strychnin
    • EINECS 200-319-7
    • UN1692
    • STRYCHNINE [MI]
    • STRYCHNINE [ISO]
    • STRYCHNINE [HSDB]
    • RCRA waste no. P108
    • STRYCHNINE [VANDF]
    • STRYCHNINUM [HPUS]
    • NCIStruc1_001823
    • NCIStruc2_000542
    • STRYCHNINE [WHO-DD]
    • SCHEMBL93798
    • GTPL347
    • orb105446
    • (19S)-Strychnidin-10-one
    • CHEMBL227934
    • GTPL2360
    • MEGxp0_001768
    • SCHEMBL14029424
    • QMGVPVSNSZLJIA-FVWCLLPLSA-N
    • HMS2089C04
    • BB_NC-00734
    • Tox21_112038
    • BDBM50225707
    • PDSP2_000441
    • SBB006463
    • AKOS015955688
    • AC-8050
    • CAS-57-24-9
    • NCGC00142530-02
    • NCGC00186632-01
    • NCGC00186632-02
    • NCGC00489075-01
    • ST057252
    • NS00009135
    • S0249
    • Strychnine, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
    • C06522
    • AB01275436-01
    • Q194406
    • Strychnine, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
    • 57-24-9

  • Applications

    Strychnine (CAS 57-24-9) is an extremely toxic alkaloid with limited, tightly regulated legitimate uses; in agriculture it is primarily used as a rodenticide to control pests under regulatory oversight. In research settings, it serves as a tool to study neuronal signaling and toxicology mechanisms, notably as an antagonist of the glycine receptor. It can also appear as an analytical reference standard in certain chemical analyses and is sometimes considered a research intermediate in alkaloid synthesis, with strict compliance with safety and handling regulations.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 1.35
    methanol 4.29
    isopropanol 1.09
    water 0.35
    ethyl acetate 5.98
    n-propanol 1.55
    acetone 7.66
    n-butanol 1.87
    acetonitrile 5.15
    DMF 26.04
    toluene 5.2
    isobutanol 1.61
    1,4-dioxane 13.54
    methyl acetate 6.92
    THF 10.96
    2-butanone 7.44
    n-pentanol 1.65
    sec-butanol 0.61
    n-hexane 0.03
    ethylene glycol 4.5
    NMP 35.3
    cyclohexane 0.15
    DMSO 18.23
    n-butyl acetate 8.11
    n-octanol 1.92
    chloroform 43.05
    n-propyl acetate 5.8
    acetic acid 13.6
    dichloromethane 31.27
    cyclohexanone 25.63
    propylene glycol 1.33
    isopropyl acetate 5.46
    DMAc 31.97
    2-ethoxyethanol 8.69
    isopentanol 2.83
    n-heptane 0.07
    ethyl formate 11.34
    1,2-dichloroethane 14.0
    n-hexanol 2.69
    2-methoxyethanol 14.64
    isobutyl acetate 6.53
    tetrachloromethane 4.73
    n-pentyl acetate 9.28
    transcutol 21.9
    n-heptanol 3.28
    ethylbenzene 1.78
    MIBK 6.62
    2-propoxyethanol 17.75
    tert-butanol 1.17
    MTBE 0.48
    2-butoxyethanol 15.79
    propionic acid 6.33
    o-xylene 3.27
    formic acid 19.23
    diethyl ether 0.96
    m-xylene 3.65
    p-xylene 3.04
    chlorobenzene 14.46
    dimethyl carbonate 12.24
    n-octane 0.05
    formamide 22.17
    cyclopentanone 26.37
    2-pentanone 6.5
    anisole 4.76
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 3.88
    gamma-butyrolactone 36.25
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 8.54
    pyridine 25.48
    3-pentanone 5.51
    furfural 66.95
    n-dodecane 0.1
    diethylene glycol 28.23
    diisopropyl ether 0.49
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.65
    acetylacetone 15.77
    n-hexadecane 0.13
    acetophenone 12.74
    methyl propionate 7.55
    isopentyl acetate 9.75
    trichloroethylene 54.15
    n-nonanol 2.44
    cyclohexanol 2.54
    benzyl alcohol 10.77
    2-ethylhexanol 2.42
    isooctanol 3.26
    dipropyl ether 1.25
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 16.21
    ethyl lactate 8.51
    propylene carbonate 24.46
    n-methylformamide 16.67
    2-pentanol 0.81
    n-pentane 0.04
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 9.45
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 14.96
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 14.21
    mesitylene 2.08
    ε-caprolactone 21.58
    p-cymene 2.62
    epichlorohydrin 33.84
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 10.94
    2-aminoethanol 3.56
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 47.09
    sulfolane 41.55
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.05
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 4.06
    n-hexyl acetate 7.82
    isooctane 0.06
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 16.38
    sec-butyl acetate 4.16
    tert-butyl acetate 5.08
    decalin 0.17
    glycerin 8.64
    diglyme 29.81
    acrylic acid 12.96
    isopropyl myristate 3.75
    n-butyric acid 9.77
    acetyl acetate 11.09
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 10.55
    ethyl propionate 5.23
    nitromethane 33.27
    1,2-diethoxyethane 5.31
    benzonitrile 23.05
    trioctyl phosphate 6.26
    1-bromopropane 2.31
    gamma-valerolactone 64.27
    n-decanol 1.82
    triethyl phosphate 7.17
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 1.37
    propionitrile 5.8
    vinylene carbonate 41.75
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 55.7
    DMS 12.86
    cumene 1.58
    2-octanol 1.37
    2-hexanone 5.33
    octyl acetate 5.46
    limonene 2.31
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 12.2
    ethyl orthosilicate 5.8
    tributyl phosphate 6.8
    diacetone alcohol 8.72
    N,N-dimethylaniline 3.73
    acrylonitrile 14.71
    aniline 9.2
    1,3-propanediol 6.54
    bromobenzene 13.69
    dibromomethane 12.17
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 30.93
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 9.19
    tetrabutyl urea 9.91
    diisobutyl methanol 1.59
    2-phenylethanol 14.4
    styrene 2.27
    dioctyl adipate 8.15
    dimethyl sulfate 22.35
    ethyl butyrate 6.46
    methyl lactate 11.85
    butyl lactate 11.71
    diethyl carbonate 7.28
    propanediol butyl ether 9.43
    triethyl orthoformate 6.32
    p-tert-butyltoluene 1.96
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 14.75
    morpholine 11.61
    tert-butylamine 0.45
    n-dodecanol 1.38
    dimethoxymethane 13.35
    ethylene carbonate 29.21
    cyrene 24.88
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 15.94
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 7.94
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 22.05
    4-methylpyridine 21.1
    dibutyl ether 1.27
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 1.59
    DEF 10.25
    dimethyl isosorbide 26.46
    tetrachloroethylene 26.15
    eugenol 20.6
    triacetin 14.33
    span 80 11.29
    1,4-butanediol 3.61
    1,1-dichloroethane 7.6
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 2.08
    methyl formate 17.78
    2-methyl-1-butanol 1.72
    n-decane 0.13
    butyronitrile 5.14
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 2.43
    1-chlorooctane 0.9
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.53
    n-nonane 0.08
    undecane 0.11
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.11
    cyclooctane 0.08
    cyclopentanol 2.67
    tetrahydropyran 4.49
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.57
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 23.79
    1-hexene 0.16
    2-isopropoxyethanol 6.08
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 18.73
    methyl butyrate 7.21

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction