protoporphyrin IX

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    553-12-8

    Molecular formula
    C34H34N4O4

    SMILES
    CC1=C(C2=CC3=NC(=CC4=NC(=CC5=C(C(=C(N5)C=C1N2)C=C)C)C(=C4CCC(=O)O)C)C(=C3C)CCC(=O)O)C=C

    Safety labels

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 47.18%
    Roasted 29.24%
    Burnt 23.79%
    Fruity 23.49%
    Fatty 22.98%
    Cooked 22.97%
    Savory 22.79%
    Meaty 21.34%
    Animal 19.07%
    Grape 18.93%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 79.75%
    Odorless 42.76%
    Bland 22.36%
    Nitrile 20.68%
    Taco 20.52%
    Bread crust 20.42%
    Sweet-like 20.11%
    Very strong 19.72%
    Roasted peanuts 19.63%
    Cedarleaf 19.56%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Odorless

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    4.6

    pKa est.
    4.79 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    562.7 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    782°C

    Flash point

    • 321.73 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • protoporphyrin IX
    • protoporphyrin
    • 553-12-8
    • Ooporphyrin
    • Protoporpyrin IX
    • Protoporphyrin IX disodium
    • Porphyrinogen IX
    • Kammerer's prophyrin
    • H2ppIX
    • Kammerer's porphyrin
    • MLS001074731
    • 3-[18-(2-carboxyethyl)-8,13-bis(ethenyl)-3,7,12,17-tetramethyl-22,23-dihydroporphyrin-2-yl]propanoic acid
    • NSC2632
    • C34H34N4O4
    • 21H,23H-Porphine-2,18-dipropanoic acid,7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-
    • NSC-2632
    • MFCD00151109
    • 3,7,12,17-Tetramethyl-8,13-divinyl-2,18-porphinedipropionic acid
    • SMR000127405
    • 21H,23H-Porphine-2,18-dipropanoic acid, 7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-
    • CHEBI:15430
    • 3,3'-(3,7,12,17-Tetramethyl-8,13-divinylporphine-2,18-diyl)di(propionic acid)
    • protoporphyrin ix containing fe
    • C2K325S808
    • 2,18-Porphinedipropionic acid, 3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-7,12-divinyl-
    • 3,3'-(3,7,12,17-tetramethyl-8,13-divinyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,18-diyl)-bis-propionic acid
    • ProtoporphyrinIX
    • 3,7,12,17-tetramethyl-8,13-divinylporphyrin-2,18-dipropanoic acid
    • 7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethylporphyrin-2,18-dipropanoic acid
    • 3,3'-(3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-7,12-divinylporphyrin-2,18-diyl)dipropionic acid
    • 3,3'-(7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethylporphyrin-2,18-diyl)dipropanoic acid
    • 7,12-Diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,18-dipropanoic acid
    • SR-01000076084
    • NSC 2632
    • EINECS 209-033-7
    • UNII-C2K325S808
    • protoporphyrin-"IX"
    • Spectrum_001300
    • Spectrum2_001016
    • Spectrum3_001440
    • Spectrum4_000419
    • Spectrum5_001303
    • cid_4971
    • Lopac0_000973
    • SCHEMBL25719
    • BSPBio_003180
    • KBioGR_000718
    • KBioSS_001780
    • Protoporphyrin IX, >=95%
    • DivK1c_000074
    • SPECTRUM1501111
    • SPBio_001171
    • PROTOPORPHYRIN IX [MI]
    • PROTOPORPHYRIN [WHO-DD]
    • CHEMBL1325592
    • CHEMBL1618319
    • CHEMBL1907974
    • CHEMBL4463327
    • DTXSID4048353
    • SCHEMBL14552654
    • SCHEMBL29352210
    • SCHEMBL29355141
    • SCHEMBL29404216
    • BDBM51757
    • HMS500D16
    • KBio1_000074
    • KBio2_001780
    • KBio2_004348
    • KBio2_006916
    • KBio3_002400
    • KSFOVUSSGSKXFI-UJJXFSCMSA-N
    • NINDS_000074
    • OXTIQTUKEUGAPP-UJJXFSCMSA-N
    • ZCFFYALKHPIRKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    • HMS1921F05
    • HMS2271B12
    • HMS3263C07
    • HMS5084L09
    • Pharmakon1600-01501111
    • HY-B1247
    • Tox21_500973
    • BDBM50523755
    • CCG-39673
    • MSK170530
    • NSC757839
    • AKOS027320494
    • CS-4849
    • DB02285
    • EBC-380045
    • FP52448
    • LP00973
    • NSC-757839
    • SDCCGMLS-0066712.P001
    • SDCCGSBI-0050946.P004
    • IDI1_000074
    • NCGC00015844-01
    • NCGC00015844-02
    • NCGC00015844-03
    • NCGC00015844-04
    • NCGC00015844-05
    • NCGC00015844-07
    • NCGC00015844-08
    • NCGC00015844-12
    • NCGC00094273-01
    • NCGC00094273-02
    • NCGC00094273-03
    • NCGC00162303-01
    • NCGC00185010-01
    • NCGC00261658-01
    • AS-17461
    • SY076173
    • SBI-0050946.P003
    • EU-0100973
    • protoporphyrin IX [MeSH: protoporphyrin IX]
    • 2, 3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-7,12-divinyl-
    • C02191
    • C75594
    • P 8293
    • AB00052204_02
    • 553P128
    • F979728
    • Q619815
    • SR-01000763747
    • SR-01000076084-1
    • SR-01000076084-4
    • SR-01000076084-5
    • SR-01000763747-3
    • 553-12-8

  • Applications

    Protoporphyrin IX is a natural porphyrin that serves as a precursor in heme biosynthesis and is used in research and analytical contexts: as a fluorescent probe in biochemical assays and fluorescence imaging; investigated as a light-activated sensitizer for photochemical applications; used as a dye for coatings and inks because of its color and fluorescence; and functions as a reference material and model compound for porphyrin chemistry and metalloporphyrin synthesis, supporting materials research and catalysis studies.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.41
    methanol 0.92
    isopropanol 0.25
    water 0.0
    ethyl acetate 0.75
    n-propanol 0.47
    acetone 0.8
    n-butanol 0.37
    acetonitrile 0.19
    DMF 9.44
    toluene 0.11
    isobutanol 0.27
    1,4-dioxane 2.29
    methyl acetate 1.09
    THF 4.49
    2-butanone 1.53
    n-pentanol 0.36
    sec-butanol 0.35
    n-hexane 0.01
    ethylene glycol 0.23
    NMP 11.38
    cyclohexane 0.01
    DMSO 3.05
    n-butyl acetate 0.52
    n-octanol 0.13
    chloroform 3.11
    n-propyl acetate 0.71
    acetic acid 1.52
    dichloromethane 2.07
    cyclohexanone 1.55
    propylene glycol 0.51
    isopropyl acetate 0.45
    DMAc 15.82
    2-ethoxyethanol 2.76
    isopentanol 0.28
    n-heptane 0.01
    ethyl formate 0.66
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.7
    n-hexanol 0.16
    2-methoxyethanol 4.51
    isobutyl acetate 0.4
    tetrachloromethane 0.14
    n-pentyl acetate 0.59
    transcutol 5.8
    n-heptanol 0.18
    ethylbenzene 0.08
    MIBK 0.4
    2-propoxyethanol 3.46
    tert-butanol 0.18
    MTBE 0.3
    2-butoxyethanol 2.13
    propionic acid 0.91
    o-xylene 0.07
    formic acid 1.27
    diethyl ether 0.33
    m-xylene 0.07
    p-xylene 0.13
    chlorobenzene 0.25
    dimethyl carbonate 1.36
    n-octane 0.0
    formamide 1.68
    cyclopentanone 3.22
    2-pentanone 0.83
    anisole 0.55
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 0.55
    gamma-butyrolactone 4.16
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 3.39
    pyridine 1.92
    3-pentanone 0.74
    furfural 5.15
    n-dodecane 0.0
    diethylene glycol 2.24
    diisopropyl ether 0.06
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.3
    acetylacetone 1.44
    n-hexadecane 0.0
    acetophenone 0.86
    methyl propionate 1.32
    isopentyl acetate 0.5
    trichloroethylene 3.53
    n-nonanol 0.16
    cyclohexanol 0.2
    benzyl alcohol 0.61
    2-ethylhexanol 0.11
    isooctanol 0.16
    dipropyl ether 0.3
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.3
    ethyl lactate 0.87
    propylene carbonate 1.37
    n-methylformamide 2.53
    2-pentanol 0.2
    n-pentane 0.01
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 1.92
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 1.61
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 2.32
    mesitylene 0.03
    ε-caprolactone 2.02
    p-cymene 0.04
    epichlorohydrin 5.34
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.44
    2-aminoethanol 0.52
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 11.46
    sulfolane 5.74
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.01
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 1.14
    n-hexyl acetate 0.56
    isooctane 0.0
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 2.76
    sec-butyl acetate 0.46
    tert-butyl acetate 0.49
    decalin 0.01
    glycerin 1.71
    diglyme 5.92
    acrylic acid 1.3
    isopropyl myristate 0.18
    n-butyric acid 1.04
    acetyl acetate 0.51
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 0.45
    ethyl propionate 0.76
    nitromethane 4.58
    1,2-diethoxyethane 1.01
    benzonitrile 0.3
    trioctyl phosphate 0.2
    1-bromopropane 0.27
    gamma-valerolactone 12.57
    n-decanol 0.1
    triethyl phosphate 0.45
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.12
    propionitrile 0.28
    vinylene carbonate 1.71
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 9.05
    DMS 1.0
    cumene 0.05
    2-octanol 0.11
    2-hexanone 0.8
    octyl acetate 0.29
    limonene 0.05
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 4.73
    ethyl orthosilicate 0.45
    tributyl phosphate 0.26
    diacetone alcohol 1.08
    N,N-dimethylaniline 0.36
    acrylonitrile 0.59
    aniline 0.31
    1,3-propanediol 1.04
    bromobenzene 0.23
    dibromomethane 0.68
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 2.6
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.45
    tetrabutyl urea 0.53
    diisobutyl methanol 0.07
    2-phenylethanol 0.46
    styrene 0.1
    dioctyl adipate 0.49
    dimethyl sulfate 3.22
    ethyl butyrate 0.55
    methyl lactate 1.71
    butyl lactate 0.93
    diethyl carbonate 0.38
    propanediol butyl ether 1.55
    triethyl orthoformate 0.74
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.04
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 1.09
    morpholine 3.2
    tert-butylamine 0.06
    n-dodecanol 0.07
    dimethoxymethane 3.63
    ethylene carbonate 1.03
    cyrene 3.22
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 1.74
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.37
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.59
    4-methylpyridine 1.2
    dibutyl ether 0.2
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 0.07
    DEF 1.96
    dimethyl isosorbide 3.05
    tetrachloroethylene 1.19
    eugenol 1.48
    triacetin 1.31
    span 80 1.48
    1,4-butanediol 0.45
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.52
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.31
    methyl formate 1.82
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.33
    n-decane 0.01
    butyronitrile 0.24
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 0.11
    1-chlorooctane 0.05
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.02
    n-nonane 0.01
    undecane 0.01
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.01
    cyclooctane 0.0
    cyclopentanol 0.37
    tetrahydropyran 0.72
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.35
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 3.67
    1-hexene 0.07
    2-isopropoxyethanol 1.5
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 0.76
    methyl butyrate 1.03

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction