Propranolol Hydrochloride

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    318-98-9

    Molecular formula
    C16H22ClNO2

    SMILES
    CC(C)NCC(COC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21)O.Cl

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 33.26%
    Fishy 30.55%
    Savory 29.52%
    Animal 27.29%
    Sweet 27.25%
    Cooling 26.66%
    Cheesy 24.04%
    Meaty 22.89%
    Bitter 21.94%
    Ripe 21.54%

     

    Flavor
    Mild 36.61%
    Odorless 32.93%
    Bitter 32.41%
    Sweet 27.76%
    Herbal 22.99%
    Bland 22.33%
    Sweet-like 20.91%
    Fruity 20.4%
    Yeasty 19.24%
    Butyric 19.16%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    pKa est.
    8.11 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    295.8 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    434°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 163-164 °C

    Flash point

    • 188.22 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • >44.4 [ug/mL] (The mean of the results at pH 7.4)
    • Practically insoluble in ether, benzene, ethyl acetate

  • Synonyms

    • Propranolol hydrochloride
    • 318-98-9
    • Propranolol Hcl
    • Inderal
    • 3506-09-0
    • Avlocardyl
    • Caridolol
    • Inderalici
    • Dociton
    • Anaprilin
    • Apsolol
    • Beprane
    • Berkolol
    • Deralin
    • Herzbase
    • Indobloc
    • Naprilin
    • Pronovan
    • Pylapron
    • Sloprolol
    • Ikopal
    • Tesnol
    • Kemi
    • Beta Neg
    • InnoPran XL
    • Propranolol chloride
    • Propranovitan
    • Arcablock
    • Artensol
    • Blocaryl
    • Cardinol
    • Detensol
    • Dibudinate
    • Dumopranol
    • Efectolol
    • Farprolol
    • Hemangeol
    • Hemipralon
    • Indermigran
    • Innopran
    • Nelderal
    • Novopranol
    • Propabloc
    • Propadex
    • Propalong
    • Propayerst
    • Prophylux
    • Proprahexal
    • Propranur
    • Rapynogen
    • Sagittol
    • Scandrug
    • Tensiflex
    • Acifol
    • Angilol
    • Biocard
    • Cinlol
    • Ciplar
    • Corbeta
    • Elbrol
    • Emforal
    • Frekven
    • Herzul
    • Kidoral
    • Noloten
    • Obsidan
    • Oposim
    • Panolol
    • Prandol
    • Pranix
    • Procor
    • Propral
    • Prosin
    • Sawatol
    • Sudenol
    • Tiperal
    • Nedis
    • Sinal
    • Tonum
    • Half-Inderal
    • Propranolol.HCl
    • Prano-Puren
    • propra vt ct
    • Inderal La
    • Proberta LA
    • Pur-Bloka
    • NSC-91523
    • beta-NEG
    • Inderex
    • ICI 45520
    • Propraratiopharm
    • DL-Propranolol hydrochloride
    • R+C5989educor
    • Beta-Tablinen
    • Beta-Timelets
    • DL-Anapriline
    • Propanolol hydrochloride
    • 1-(Isopropylamino)-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol hydrochloride
    • propranolol (hydrochloride)
    • AY 64043
    • ICI-45520
    • Servanolol
    • CCRIS 1105
    • HSDB 3176
    • (+/-)-Propranolol hydrochloride
    • AY-64043
    • EINECS 206-268-7
    • MFCD00012558
    • d,l-Propranolol hydrochloride
    • I 2065
    • UNII-F8A3652H1V
    • BETACAP
    • MONOPROLOL
    • PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE (+/-)
    • DTXSID3021198
    • Propranolol hydrochloride intensol
    • F8A3652H1V
    • EINECS 222-501-5
    • 1-(Isopropylamino)-3-(1-naphthoxy)-propan-2-ol hydrochloride
    • NSC 91523
    • CHEBI:8500
    • DTXCID201198
    • 1-Isopropylamino-3-(1-naphthoxy)-propan-2-ol-hydrochloride
    • 1-(1-Naphthyloxy)-2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropane hydrochloride
    • 1-(Isopropylamino)-3-(alpha-naphthoxy)-2-propanol hydrochloride
    • (+-)-1-(Isopropylamino)-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol hydrochloride
    • 1-naphthalen-1-yloxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol;hydrochloride
    • hemangiol

  • Applications

    Propranolol hydrochloride is primarily used in the pharmaceutical industry as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in beta-blocker medications, and it is also employed in pharmaceutical research and development to study formulation characteristics and stability. In analytical laboratories, the salt serves as a reference standard for HPLC/LC-MS methods and quality-control testing. The hydrochloride salt form can be used in formulation studies to improve solubility and processability of propranolol products. Additionally, it is encountered as a research reagent or starting material in organic synthesis related to beta-blocker analogs and for analytical method development.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 137.65
    methanol 229.31
    isopropanol 53.03
    water 2.2
    ethyl acetate 108.51
    n-propanol 86.41
    acetone 267.92
    n-butanol 70.69
    acetonitrile 73.84
    DMF 224.8
    toluene 17.32
    isobutanol 58.18
    1,4-dioxane 156.69
    methyl acetate 110.69
    THF 244.83
    2-butanone 107.88
    n-pentanol 61.34
    sec-butanol 41.09
    n-hexane 2.5
    ethylene glycol 77.18
    NMP 131.85
    cyclohexane 4.26
    DMSO 688.81
    n-butyl acetate 82.38
    n-octanol 27.43
    chloroform 258.67
    n-propyl acetate 82.94
    acetic acid 269.18
    dichloromethane 326.24
    cyclohexanone 152.86
    propylene glycol 67.36
    isopropyl acetate 58.22
    DMAc 233.68
    2-ethoxyethanol 175.28
    isopentanol 59.99
    n-heptane 3.2
    ethyl formate 89.06
    1,2-dichloroethane 269.01
    n-hexanol 64.49
    2-methoxyethanol 216.52
    isobutyl acetate 61.35
    tetrachloromethane 18.56
    n-pentyl acetate 44.63
    transcutol 414.02
    n-heptanol 33.95
    ethylbenzene 14.64
    MIBK 59.81
    2-propoxyethanol 143.63
    tert-butanol 69.8
    MTBE 49.47
    2-butoxyethanol 85.18
    propionic acid 99.89
    o-xylene 16.77
    formic acid 114.26
    diethyl ether 51.89
    m-xylene 17.75
    p-xylene 21.46
    chlorobenzene 53.96
    dimethyl carbonate 54.91
    n-octane 2.57
    formamide 145.5
    cyclopentanone 228.74
    2-pentanone 91.84
    anisole 44.58
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 75.24
    gamma-butyrolactone 257.38
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 115.84
    pyridine 101.15
    3-pentanone 66.89
    furfural 190.46
    n-dodecane 2.4
    diethylene glycol 159.43
    diisopropyl ether 14.19
    tert-amyl alcohol 50.2
    acetylacetone 143.64
    n-hexadecane 2.63
    acetophenone 61.36
    methyl propionate 87.47
    isopentyl acetate 73.5
    trichloroethylene 377.5
    n-nonanol 26.99
    cyclohexanol 54.73
    benzyl alcohol 57.22
    2-ethylhexanol 38.12
    isooctanol 30.93
    dipropyl ether 37.57
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 56.52
    ethyl lactate 54.11
    propylene carbonate 131.39
    n-methylformamide 118.05
    2-pentanol 32.68
    n-pentane 1.73
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 84.09
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 86.61
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 79.4
    mesitylene 12.41
    ε-caprolactone 126.27
    p-cymene 16.66
    epichlorohydrin 315.09
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 100.89
    2-aminoethanol 99.26
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 173.15
    sulfolane 311.19
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 2.76
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 112.2
    n-hexyl acetate 55.09
    isooctane 2.06
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 112.13
    sec-butyl acetate 47.76
    tert-butyl acetate 59.79
    decalin 4.02
    glycerin 119.09
    diglyme 227.7
    acrylic acid 100.96
    isopropyl myristate 23.73
    n-butyric acid 138.0
    acetyl acetate 84.82
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 33.99
    ethyl propionate 56.14
    nitromethane 361.88
    1,2-diethoxyethane 92.68
    benzonitrile 55.41
    trioctyl phosphate 25.1
    1-bromopropane 58.96
    gamma-valerolactone 232.44
    n-decanol 21.01
    triethyl phosphate 38.24
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 27.27
    propionitrile 50.0
    vinylene carbonate 113.28
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 212.46
    DMS 65.76
    cumene 15.23
    2-octanol 19.59
    2-hexanone 72.27
    octyl acetate 31.6
    limonene 22.08
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 195.2
    ethyl orthosilicate 36.06
    tributyl phosphate 31.59
    diacetone alcohol 82.41
    N,N-dimethylaniline 35.46
    acrylonitrile 72.01
    aniline 42.4
    1,3-propanediol 119.76
    bromobenzene 48.74
    dibromomethane 158.02
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 301.37
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 56.5
    tetrabutyl urea 39.4
    diisobutyl methanol 22.26
    2-phenylethanol 58.58
    styrene 16.8
    dioctyl adipate 43.89
    dimethyl sulfate 101.61
    ethyl butyrate 59.28
    methyl lactate 64.95
    butyl lactate 52.82
    diethyl carbonate 46.03
    propanediol butyl ether 78.62
    triethyl orthoformate 46.24
    p-tert-butyltoluene 15.58
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 59.49
    morpholine 165.4
    tert-butylamine 30.47
    n-dodecanol 17.05
    dimethoxymethane 142.4
    ethylene carbonate 100.13
    cyrene 82.78
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 78.02
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 54.2
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 69.9
    4-methylpyridine 70.42
    dibutyl ether 32.61
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 22.26
    DEF 87.45
    dimethyl isosorbide 126.22
    tetrachloroethylene 183.05
    eugenol 64.75
    triacetin 75.69
    span 80 61.36
    1,4-butanediol 67.82
    1,1-dichloroethane 141.31
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 57.8
    methyl formate 123.95
    2-methyl-1-butanol 55.97
    n-decane 3.66
    butyronitrile 47.77
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 29.14
    1-chlorooctane 17.87
    1-chlorotetradecane 7.8
    n-nonane 3.37
    undecane 2.83
    tert-butylcyclohexane 3.95
    cyclooctane 1.82
    cyclopentanol 63.1
    tetrahydropyran 102.5
    tert-amyl methyl ether 37.67
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 149.28
    1-hexene 12.81
    2-isopropoxyethanol 106.75
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 104.33
    methyl butyrate 83.89

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction