Naphazoline

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    835-31-4

    Molecular formula
    C14H14N2

    SMILES
    C1CN=C(N1)CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC=C32

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Animal 37.4%
    Roasted 31.88%
    Nutty 31.2%
    Floral 30.09%
    Sweet 28.77%
    Honey 27.34%
    Earthy 27.08%
    Cheesy 26.79%
    Burnt 26.13%
    Cooked 25.85%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 55.5%
    Animal 28.59%
    Very strong 22.81%
    Indole 22.24%
    Moth ball 21.91%
    Roasted 21.75%
    Nitrile 21.74%
    Alkaline 21.59%
    Naphthelene 21.56%
    Cereal 21.53%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    2.1

    pKa est.
    8.12 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    210.27 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point

    • 440.466 undefined

    Flash point

    • 188.65 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • naphazoline
    • 835-31-4
    • 2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
    • Naphthizine
    • Antan
    • Nafazolina
    • Clearine
    • Nafazolin
    • Naphazolinum
    • Nafazoline
    • Ciba 2020/R
    • 2-(1-Naphthylmethyl)-2-imidazoline
    • Naphazolinum [Latin]
    • 1H-Imidazole, 4,5-dihydro-2-(1-naphthalenylmethyl)-
    • alpha-Naphthylmethyl imidazoline
    • Naphazolinum [INN-Latin]
    • 2-(alpha-Naphthylmethyl)-imidazoline
    • 2-(Naphthyl-(1')-methyl)imidazolin
    • 2-Imidazoline, 2-(1-naphthylmethyl)-
    • NAFAZAIR
    • 4,5-Dihydro-2-(1-naphthylmethyl)imidazole
    • EINECS 212-641-5
    • UNII-H231GF11BV
    • Naphazoline (INN)
    • BRN 0151864
    • H231GF11BV
    • DTXSID3048449
    • 2-(1-Naphthylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
    • DTXCID90198485
    • 5-23-08-00293 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • Naphazolinum (Latin)
    • 2-[(naphthalen-1-yl)methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
    • Nafazolina [DCIT]
    • NCGC00024349-03
    • Nafazoline [Spanish]
    • NAPHAZOLINE [INN]
    • Naphazolinum (INN-Latin)
    • Naphazoline [INN:BAN]
    • NAPHAZOLINE (MART.)
    • NAPHAZOLINE [MART.]
    • Rhinazine
    • CHEMBL1706
    • Nafazolin (TN)
    • CAS-835-31-4
    • Enamine_000333
    • 10061-11-7
    • 2-(Naphthyl-(1')-methyl)imidazolin [German]
    • CAS-550-99-2
    • Nadaplatin
    • Imidin
    • Privine (Salt/Mix)
    • Sanorin (Salt/Mix)
    • Spectrum_000975
    • NAPHAZOLINE [MI]
    • Prestwick0_000046
    • Prestwick1_000046
    • Prestwick2_000046
    • Prestwick3_000046
    • Spectrum2_001054
    • Spectrum3_000513
    • Spectrum4_000068
    • Spectrum5_001424
    • CHEMBL761
    • NAPHAZOLINE [VANDF]
    • SCHEMBL34532
    • BSPBio_000171
    • BSPBio_002065
    • KBioGR_000595
    • KBioSS_001455
    • NAPHAZOLINE [WHO-DD]
    • AK-968/41090774
    • cid_11079
    • DivK1c_000456
    • SPBio_001008
    • SPBio_002092
    • BPBio1_000189
    • GTPL5509
    • CHEBI:93363
    • KBio1_000456
    • KBio2_001455
    • KBio2_004023
    • KBio2_006591
    • KBio3_001565
    • R01AA08
    • R01AB02
    • S01GA01
    • NINDS_000456
    • .alpha.-Naphthylmethyl imidazoline
    • HMS1394P03
    • HMS2090D15
    • Tox21_113058
    • Tox21_113645
    • BBL012612
    • BDBM50001922
    • STK300042
    • AKOS000295230
    • CCG-250339
    • DB06711
    • 2-(.alpha.-Naphthylmethyl)-imidazoline
    • 2-(1-Naphthalenylmethyl)-2-imidazoline
    • IDI1_000456
    • NCGC00016506-01
    • NCGC00016506-02
    • NCGC00016506-03
    • NCGC00016506-04
    • NCGC00016506-05
    • VS-03410
    • SBI-0051454.P003
    • DB-050155
    • HY-111326
    • CS-0034952
    • NS00003424
    • EN300-16752
    • D08253
    • G77792
    • AB00053505-11
    • AB00053505-12
    • AB00053505_13
    • AB00053505_14
    • L000878
    • Q415433
    • 2-(1-naphthalenylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
    • 2-(1-Naphthylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole #
    • BRD-K77641333-003-05-7
    • BRD-K77641333-003-15-6
    • BRD-K77641333-003-25-5
    • BRD-K77641333-003-26-3
    • BRD-K77641333-003-27-1

  • Applications

    Naphazoline (CAS 835-31-4) is primarily used as a topical vasoconstrictor in ophthalmic solutions to relieve conjunctival redness and in nasal decongestant products to alleviate nasal obstruction. In pharmaceutical manufacturing it may serve as an intermediate or starting material for the synthesis of related imidazoline vasoconstrictor compounds. It is also evaluated in formulation development and stability studies for topical decongestant products. Its use is subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 34.22
    methanol 118.05
    isopropanol 5.01
    water 0.27
    ethyl acetate 65.84
    n-propanol 27.95
    acetone 97.59
    n-butanol 18.35
    acetonitrile 36.89
    DMF 326.58
    toluene 36.26
    isobutanol 12.88
    1,4-dioxane 260.17
    methyl acetate 82.47
    THF 247.41
    2-butanone 75.22
    n-pentanol 18.65
    sec-butanol 7.86
    n-hexane 1.25
    ethylene glycol 135.43
    NMP 182.22
    cyclohexane 3.01
    DMSO 328.37
    n-butyl acetate 38.53
    n-octanol 7.74
    chloroform 302.04
    n-propyl acetate 38.19
    acetic acid 80.75
    dichloromethane 361.3
    cyclohexanone 108.26
    propylene glycol 35.27
    isopropyl acetate 28.29
    DMAc 259.94
    2-ethoxyethanol 81.6
    isopentanol 14.57
    n-heptane 1.95
    ethyl formate 57.07
    1,2-dichloroethane 217.8
    n-hexanol 19.89
    2-methoxyethanol 169.8
    isobutyl acetate 32.14
    tetrachloromethane 17.14
    n-pentyl acetate 19.44
    transcutol 233.76
    n-heptanol 10.25
    ethylbenzene 14.55
    MIBK 25.37
    2-propoxyethanol 78.36
    tert-butanol 8.73
    MTBE 15.07
    2-butoxyethanol 36.5
    propionic acid 52.1
    o-xylene 18.8
    formic acid 76.28
    diethyl ether 37.96
    m-xylene 18.33
    p-xylene 19.92
    chlorobenzene 68.73
    dimethyl carbonate 81.53
    n-octane 1.0
    formamide 118.21
    cyclopentanone 187.03
    2-pentanone 41.53
    anisole 56.46
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 63.38
    gamma-butyrolactone 230.51
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 60.8
    pyridine 209.31
    3-pentanone 59.99
    furfural 217.51
    n-dodecane 1.06
    diethylene glycol 102.64
    diisopropyl ether 7.76
    tert-amyl alcohol 9.56
    acetylacetone 90.18
    n-hexadecane 1.26
    acetophenone 52.51
    methyl propionate 82.28
    isopentyl acetate 36.98
    trichloroethylene 406.45
    n-nonanol 9.41
    cyclohexanol 19.29
    benzyl alcohol 48.2
    2-ethylhexanol 17.39
    isooctanol 9.93
    dipropyl ether 27.8
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 65.75
    ethyl lactate 29.51
    propylene carbonate 87.98
    n-methylformamide 151.09
    2-pentanol 6.54
    n-pentane 0.98
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 38.71
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 61.34
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 45.3
    mesitylene 10.78
    ε-caprolactone 92.9
    p-cymene 12.53
    epichlorohydrin 311.13
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 73.15
    2-aminoethanol 79.55
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 231.23
    sulfolane 219.5
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1.13
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 90.03
    n-hexyl acetate 25.32
    isooctane 0.69
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 61.04
    sec-butyl acetate 25.36
    tert-butyl acetate 28.86
    decalin 2.84
    glycerin 89.18
    diglyme 147.36
    acrylic acid 80.06
    isopropyl myristate 14.39
    n-butyric acid 49.34
    acetyl acetate 55.41
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 21.55
    ethyl propionate 41.24
    nitromethane 209.93
    1,2-diethoxyethane 61.04
    benzonitrile 48.13
    trioctyl phosphate 12.57
    1-bromopropane 46.29
    gamma-valerolactone 253.16
    n-decanol 8.01
    triethyl phosphate 27.46
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 7.01
    propionitrile 40.76
    vinylene carbonate 107.34
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 205.23
    DMS 59.77
    cumene 11.97
    2-octanol 5.26
    2-hexanone 33.5
    octyl acetate 17.41
    limonene 15.16
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 138.17
    ethyl orthosilicate 25.97
    tributyl phosphate 16.75
    diacetone alcohol 34.04
    N,N-dimethylaniline 34.48
    acrylonitrile 79.49
    aniline 61.96
    1,3-propanediol 53.63
    bromobenzene 73.26
    dibromomethane 154.8
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 256.58
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 34.78
    tetrabutyl urea 22.21
    diisobutyl methanol 10.06
    2-phenylethanol 40.15
    styrene 21.26
    dioctyl adipate 25.83
    dimethyl sulfate 124.93
    ethyl butyrate 36.79
    methyl lactate 48.63
    butyl lactate 22.5
    diethyl carbonate 32.77
    propanediol butyl ether 26.91
    triethyl orthoformate 33.26
    p-tert-butyltoluene 11.28
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 40.4
    morpholine 214.03
    tert-butylamine 5.27
    n-dodecanol 7.04
    dimethoxymethane 181.23
    ethylene carbonate 86.87
    cyrene 58.14
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 47.31
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 32.72
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 83.46
    4-methylpyridine 98.59
    dibutyl ether 18.31
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 10.06
    DEF 88.08
    dimethyl isosorbide 87.08
    tetrachloroethylene 173.48
    eugenol 43.29
    triacetin 47.36
    span 80 32.74
    1,4-butanediol 25.93
    1,1-dichloroethane 81.42
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 19.28
    methyl formate 126.68
    2-methyl-1-butanol 14.78
    n-decane 1.55
    butyronitrile 26.19
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 10.92
    1-chlorooctane 8.52
    1-chlorotetradecane 4.62
    n-nonane 1.24
    undecane 1.23
    tert-butylcyclohexane 2.28
    cyclooctane 1.28
    cyclopentanol 25.15
    tetrahydropyran 107.19
    tert-amyl methyl ether 16.16
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 100.33
    1-hexene 7.21
    2-isopropoxyethanol 41.4
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 43.04
    methyl butyrate 48.54

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction