Molybdenum

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    7439-98-7

    Molecular formula
    Mo

    SMILES
    [Mo]

    Safety labels

    Flammable
    Flammable

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

  • Properties

    pKa est.
    -87.33 (strong acid)

    Molecular weight
    95.95 g/mol

    Melting point expt.

    • 4752 °F (NIOSH, 2024)
    • 2622 °C
    • 2617 °C
    • 4752 °F

    Boiling point

    • 8717 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)
    • 4639 °C
    • 4612 °C
    • 8717 °F

    Flash point

    • -33.9 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • Insoluble (NIOSH, 2024)
    • Practically insoluble in alkali hydroxides or fused alkalis; reacts with nitric acid, hot concentrated sulfuric acid, fused potassium chlorate or nitrate
    • Insoluble in water; soluble in nitric acid, sulfuric acid; slightly soluble in hydrochloric acid; insoluble in hydrofluoric acid, dilute sulfuric acid
    • Insoluble in hydrochloric acid and hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, or dilute sulfuric acid; soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric or nitric acids
    • Solubility in water: none
    • Insoluble

  • Synonyms

    • MOLYBDENUM
    • 7439-98-7
    • MOLYBDENUM ATOM
    • Molybdenum, metallic
    • MChVL
    • Molybdenum metallicum
    • Metco 63
    • TsM1
    • Molybdenum metal
    • MO
    • Amperit 106.2
    • Amperit 105.054
    • molybdene
    • Molybdaen
    • DTXSID1024207
    • 81AH48963U
    • CHEBI:28685
    • Molybdenum 98
    • Dietary Molybdenum
    • molybdenum(2+) ion
    • RefChem:389129
    • DTXCID604207
    • 231-107-2
    • Molybdenum-98
    • Molybdenum(6+)
    • Molybdenum(6+) ion
    • MOLYBDENUM(VI) ION
    • Molybdenum, elemental
    • Molybdenum powder
    • Molybdenum element
    • molybdenum(5+)
    • Molybdenum, ion (Mo(6+))
    • MFCD00003465
    • Molybdenum (VI) ion
    • Mo6+
    • Molybdenum, ion (Mo5+)
    • Molybdenum wire
    • Mo(6+)
    • 6MO
    • Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 1000 microg/mL in NH4OH
    • Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 10000 microg/mL in NH4OH
    • molibdeno
    • Molybdenum wire, platinum coated, 0.457mm (0.018in) dia
    • Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 1000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
    • Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 10 microg/mL in 2% HNO3, tr. HF
    • Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 1000 microg/mL in 5% HNO3, tr. HF
    • Molybdenum AA Standard: Mo @ 1000 microg/mL in 5% HNO3, tr. HF
    • Molybdenum gauze, 10 mesh woven from 0.38mm (0.015mm) dia wire
    • Molybdenum gauze, 20 mesh woven from 0.305mm (0.012in) dia wire
    • Molybdenum gauze, 30 mesh woven from 0.204mm (0.008in) dia wire
    • Molybdenum gauze, 50 mesh woven from 0.0509mm (0.002in) dia wire
    • Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 10000 microg/mL in 5% HNO3, tr. HF
    • Sulfur-Free Aluminum Concentrate: Al @ approx. 3 wt% in Hydrocarbons
    • Molybdenum gauze, 100 mesh woven from 0.0636mm (0.0025in) dia wire
    • Molybdenum gauze, 165 mesh woven from 0.0509mm (0.002in) dia wire, twilled weave
    • 4MO
    • molybdenum(5+) ion
    • ICP standard Molybdenum H2O 1000 microg/mL
    • HSDB 5032
    • EINECS 231-107-2
    • Molybdenum - Mo @ 5000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
    • Molybdenum rod
    • Molybdenum sheet
    • Element-Mo
    • Element:Mo
    • Nitinol Rod
    • Molybdenum pellet
    • Molybdenum, crucible, cylindrical, length 1 pcs, outside diameter 47mm
    • Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.020 mm, size 200 x 200 mm, purity 99.9%
    • Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, size 200 x 200 mm, purity 99.9%
    • Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.03 mm, size 200 x 200 mm, purity 99.9%
    • Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.03 mm, size 200 x 500 mm, purity 99.9%
    • UNII-81AH48963U
    • Atomic Molybdenum
    • Molybdenum hydride
    • Molybdenum pellets
    • Molybdenum(VI)
    • Element Molybdenum
    • Element:Molybdenum
    • Mo (element)
    • Molybdenum standard
    • Molybdenum Nanorods
    • Molybdenum(1+)
    • Molybdenum(5 )
    • molybdenum trihydride
    • Molybdenum (atomic)
    • Molybdenum Nanopowder
    • Mo Standard Solution
    • Molybdenum (element)
    • molybdenum(V) cation
    • Molybdenum ion(6+)
    • molybdenum pentahydride
    • molybdenum(VI) cation
    • Molybdenum foil, 3N5
    • MOLYBDENUM [MI]
    • MOLYBDENUM [HSDB]
    • Molybdenum pellets 1/2"
    • Molybdenum Nano Dispersion
    • MOLYBDENUM [VANDF]
    • 42Mo
    • EC 231-107-2
    • MOLYBDENUM [MART.]
    • MOLYBDENUM [WHO-DD]
    • SCHEMBL16028
    • Molybdenum powder 1-2 micron
    • Ultra Thin Molybdenum Nanofoil
    • SCHEMBL11230201
    • SCHEMBL29475225
    • SCHEMBL29760264
    • SCHEMBL30198238
    • CHEBI:30511
    • CHEBI:49446
    • HSDB 7540
    • Mo(5+)
    • DTXSID00872441
    • DTXSID40872440
    • DTXSID901317203
    • Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 5000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
    • Molybdenum Hollow Cathode Lamp: 1.5" Diameter, 2-pin, Non-Coded
    • Molybdenum Hollow Cathode Lamp: 2.0" Diameter, 4-pin, Cableless
    • Molybdenum Hollow Cathode Lamp: 2.0" Diameter, 9-pin, Non-Coded
    • Molybdenum nanopowder (40~60 nm)
    • Molybdenum nanopowder (60-80 nm)
    • NSC622116
    • NSC622124
    • AKOS015902698
    • Sulfur-Free Molybdenum Standard: Mo @ 1000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
    • 7439-98-7

  • Applications

    Molybdenum (CAS 7439-98-7) is widely used as an alloying element to improve the strength, hardness, creep resistance and high-temperature performance of steel and specialty alloys for industrial, aerospace and oil-and-gas applications. It is a component of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and other hydroprocessing catalysts (such as cobalt-molybdenum on alumina) used in refinery desulfurization and denitrogenation. MoS2-containing compounds are used as solid lubricants and in coatings to reduce wear in mechanical systems. Molydate salts such as zinc molybdate are used as corrosion-inhibitive pigments in coatings and inks. Molybdenum is also used as a micronutrient in agriculture; molybdate salts are added to fertilizers to support plant growth. In electronics and high-temperature components, Mo-containing materials are used for electrical contacts, substrates and other high-temperature parts.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 270.95
    methanol 269.83
    isopropanol 178.5
    water 2.48
    ethyl acetate 232.52
    n-propanol 194.09
    acetone 398.31
    n-butanol 183.25
    acetonitrile 250.75
    DMF 502.97
    toluene 159.31
    isobutanol 135.71
    1,4-dioxane 458.35
    methyl acetate 233.88
    THF 547.56
    2-butanone 281.93
    n-pentanol 141.25
    sec-butanol 162.71
    n-hexane 59.3
    ethylene glycol 94.51
    NMP 542.24
    cyclohexane 82.72
    DMSO 518.48
    n-butyl acetate 230.06
    n-octanol 133.95
    chloroform 395.1
    n-propyl acetate 163.95
    acetic acid 288.41
    dichloromethane 327.22
    cyclohexanone 406.48
    propylene glycol 90.91
    isopropyl acetate 144.23
    DMAc 325.04
    2-ethoxyethanol 190.32
    isopentanol 144.94
    n-heptane 63.89
    ethyl formate 147.92
    1,2-dichloroethane 238.17
    n-hexanol 207.78
    2-methoxyethanol 302.7
    isobutyl acetate 112.69
    tetrachloromethane 111.9
    n-pentyl acetate 152.28
    transcutol 632.83
    n-heptanol 127.04
    ethylbenzene 81.71
    MIBK 153.89
    2-propoxyethanol 284.9
    tert-butanol 205.75
    MTBE 192.83
    2-butoxyethanol 187.61
    propionic acid 207.51
    o-xylene 103.52
    formic acid 87.78
    diethyl ether 253.58
    m-xylene 108.62
    p-xylene 105.4
    chlorobenzene 191.78
    dimethyl carbonate 116.07
    n-octane 29.85
    formamide 125.69
    cyclopentanone 522.32
    2-pentanone 259.59
    anisole 179.14
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 284.78
    gamma-butyrolactone 480.27
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 243.34
    pyridine 323.57
    3-pentanone 198.18
    furfural 397.33
    n-dodecane 25.1
    diethylene glycol 238.26
    diisopropyl ether 96.92
    tert-amyl alcohol 173.83
    acetylacetone 282.46
    n-hexadecane 27.57
    acetophenone 164.25
    methyl propionate 191.04
    isopentyl acetate 183.57
    trichloroethylene 410.03
    n-nonanol 114.06
    cyclohexanol 191.19
    benzyl alcohol 128.67
    2-ethylhexanol 135.42
    isooctanol 100.08
    dipropyl ether 170.63
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 174.81
    ethyl lactate 87.46
    propylene carbonate 267.78
    n-methylformamide 207.77
    2-pentanol 141.44
    n-pentane 62.79
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 221.09
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 203.35
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 179.75
    mesitylene 79.79
    ε-caprolactone 318.44
    p-cymene 75.36
    epichlorohydrin 363.95
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 263.11
    2-aminoethanol 132.6
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 454.86
    sulfolane 520.92
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 32.01
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 406.62
    n-hexyl acetate 195.37
    isooctane 28.29
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 250.21
    sec-butyl acetate 114.51
    tert-butyl acetate 171.84
    decalin 43.48
    glycerin 134.66
    diglyme 409.51
    acrylic acid 200.56
    isopropyl myristate 95.3
    n-butyric acid 227.46
    acetyl acetate 172.51
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 86.49
    ethyl propionate 137.19
    nitromethane 390.61
    1,2-diethoxyethane 254.98
    benzonitrile 182.79
    trioctyl phosphate 70.58
    1-bromopropane 174.79
    gamma-valerolactone 482.33
    n-decanol 90.7
    triethyl phosphate 83.25
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 89.31
    propionitrile 178.64
    vinylene carbonate 234.7
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 262.48
    DMS 158.33
    cumene 62.71
    2-octanol 97.12
    2-hexanone 191.17
    octyl acetate 116.45
    limonene 117.8
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 300.13
    ethyl orthosilicate 83.3
    tributyl phosphate 82.96
    diacetone alcohol 199.46
    N,N-dimethylaniline 127.09
    acrylonitrile 214.9
    aniline 162.21
    1,3-propanediol 175.44
    bromobenzene 195.41
    dibromomethane 256.46
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 316.34
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 123.99
    tetrabutyl urea 115.43
    diisobutyl methanol 92.16
    2-phenylethanol 159.63
    styrene 107.58
    dioctyl adipate 121.2
    dimethyl sulfate 181.19
    ethyl butyrate 149.0
    methyl lactate 118.82
    butyl lactate 118.39
    diethyl carbonate 102.35
    propanediol butyl ether 180.21
    triethyl orthoformate 110.91
    p-tert-butyltoluene 77.08
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 159.97
    morpholine 430.71
    tert-butylamine 149.51
    n-dodecanol 75.6
    dimethoxymethane 270.69
    ethylene carbonate 188.73
    cyrene 173.84
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 205.69
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 158.85
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 198.93
    4-methylpyridine 283.16
    dibutyl ether 150.96
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 92.16
    DEF 263.01
    dimethyl isosorbide 285.03
    tetrachloroethylene 237.86
    eugenol 163.37
    triacetin 186.57
    span 80 179.45
    1,4-butanediol 88.31
    1,1-dichloroethane 244.07
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 128.82
    methyl formate 165.59
    2-methyl-1-butanol 140.1
    n-decane 36.48
    butyronitrile 181.89
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 118.72
    1-chlorooctane 103.85
    1-chlorotetradecane 50.41
    n-nonane 38.53
    undecane 29.39
    tert-butylcyclohexane 43.66
    cyclooctane 36.02
    cyclopentanol 220.92
    tetrahydropyran 393.22
    tert-amyl methyl ether 159.9
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 305.25
    1-hexene 127.68
    2-isopropoxyethanol 147.44
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 107.09
    methyl butyrate 178.05

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction