Melamine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    108-78-1

    Molecular formula
    C3H6N6

    SMILES
    C1(=NC(=NC(=N1)N)N)N

    Safety labels

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 47.66%
    Fishy 28.06%
    Meaty 25.97%
    Burnt 24.17%
    Animal 23.7%
    Musty 21.33%
    Nutty 21.32%
    Roasted 20.55%
    Cheesy 19.93%
    Cooked 18.72%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 56.65%
    Odorless 32.73%
    Roasted 27.53%
    Nutty 24.39%
    Mild 23.69%
    Scallion 20.28%
    Bread crust 20.06%
    Soybean 19.83%
    Shellfish 19.61%
    Mold 19.6%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.4

    pKa est.
    6.21 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    126.12 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 653 °F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
    • 354 °C
    • 345 °C
    • No melting point; decomposes at >345 °C

    Boiling point

    • Sublimes (NTP, 1992)
    • Sublimes

    Flash point

    • 284.32 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • less than 1 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • Very slightly sol in hot alc; insol in ether
    • Sparingly sol in glycol, glycerol, pyridine; very slightly sol in ethanol; insol in benzene, carbon tetrachloride
    • In water, 3.23X10+3 mg/L at 20 °C
    • 3.24 mg/mL at 20 °C
    • Solubility in water: poor

  • Synonyms

    • MELAMINE
    • 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine
    • 108-78-1
    • Cyanuramide
    • Cyanurotriamide
    • Cyanurotriamine
    • Isomelamine
    • Theoharn
    • Cyanuric triamide
    • s-Triazinetriamine
    • Teoharn
    • Triaminotriazine
    • Hicophor PR
    • Aero
    • 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine
    • Pluragard
    • Yukamelamine
    • 2,4,6-Triamino-s-triazine
    • Cymel
    • Virset 656-4
    • Spinflam ML 94M
    • Pluragard C 133
    • 2,4,6-Triaminotriazine
    • Mark ZS 27
    • ADK Stab ZS 27
    • DG 002 (amine)
    • NCI-C50715
    • DTXSID6020802
    • s-Triazine, 2,4,6-triamino-
    • sym-Triaminotriazine
    • ZS 27
    • 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-triimine
    • DG 002
    • N3GP2YSD88
    • NSC-2130
    • DTXCID40802
    • CHEBI:27915
    • 1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-triimine
    • 203-615-4
    • RefChem:5989
    • Melamine Monomer
    • Metformin EP impurity D
    • Cyanurtriamide
    • NSC 2130
    • MFCD00006055
    • 67297-95-4
    • C3H6N6
    • Melamine 100 microg/mL in Water
    • 5432-64-4
    • 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine (Melamine)
    • Melamine 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile/Water
    • s-triaminotriazine
    • CCRIS 373
    • Melamine, 99%
    • HSDB 2648
    • Melamine (1.0 mg/10 mL in 84:16% ACN:H2O)
    • EINECS 203-615-4
    • UNII-N3GP2YSD88
    • BRN 0124341
    • melamin
    • 2,4,6-triamino sym-triazine
    • AI3-14883
    • 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine; Metformin Hydrochloride Imp. D (EP); Melamine; Metformin Imp. D (EP); Metformin Hydrochloride Impurity D; Metformin Impurity D
    • AX2
    • Melamine (Standard)
    • Metformin Impurity D
    • 2,6-Triaminotriazine
    • CYMEL (Salt/Mix)
    • MELAMINE [HSDB]
    • MELAMINE [IARC]
    • 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine Monomer
    • MELAMINE [MI]
    • 2,6-Triamino-s-triazine
    • MELAMINE [USP-RS]
    • 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)triimine
    • EC 203-615-4
    • s-Triazine,4,6-triamino-
    • SCHEMBL25853
    • Melamine, analytical standard
    • 4-26-00-01253 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • BIDD:ER0287
    • MA-1-H2O
    • orb1301702
    • SCHEMBL2871435
    • SCHEMBL5028405
    • SCHEMBL5135116
    • SCHEMBL5481171
    • CHEMBL1231106
    • SCHEMBL12192199
    • HY-Y1117R
    • 1,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine
    • 2,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine
    • MSK6602
    • NSC2130
    • NSC8152
    • HMS5086K17
    • HY-Y1117
    • NSC-8152
    • WLN: T6N CN ENJ BZ DZ FZ
    • Tox21_200503
    • BBL000010
    • EBC-44137
    • s9212
    • SBB000053
    • STK378738
    • [1,3,5]triazine-2,4,6-triamine
    • 1,3, 5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine
    • 2,4, 6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine
    • AKOS005448714
    • 1,3,5-Triazine, 2,4,6-triamino-
    • CCG-266105
    • FM25042
    • NCGC00164014-01
    • NCGC00164014-02
    • NCGC00258057-01
    • AC-34715
    • CAS-108-78-1
    • DA-55324
    • ST018511
    • SY010816
    • VS-00405
    • 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine monomer
    • Melamine 1.0 mg/ml in Dimethyl Sulfoxide
    • CS-0016866
    • NS00010262
    • T0337
    • 1,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-triimine
    • 108-78-1

  • Applications

    Melamine (CAS 108-78-1) is widely used to make melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resins, serving as a hard, heat-resistant binder and crosslinker across several industries: coatings and surface finishes (decorative and industrial), high-pressure laminates and decorative surfaces for furniture and countertops, adhesives and binders for wood-based panels (plywood, particleboard), molding compounds and components for electrical and consumer electronics, and flame-retardant formulations in polymer systems. In addition, MF resins are used in consumer products such as melamine-based dinnerware and cookware, where durability and heat resistance are valued.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 1.1
    methanol 1.32
    isopropanol 0.87
    water 2.23
    ethyl acetate 1.55
    n-propanol 1.03
    acetone 1.22
    n-butanol 0.96
    acetonitrile 0.53
    DMF 4.79
    toluene 0.16
    isobutanol 0.8
    1,4-dioxane 1.24
    methyl acetate 1.61
    THF 3.54
    2-butanone 1.3
    n-pentanol 0.58
    sec-butanol 0.85
    n-hexane 0.06
    ethylene glycol 2.88
    NMP 11.24
    cyclohexane 0.03
    DMSO 9.23
    n-butyl acetate 1.3
    n-octanol 0.39
    chloroform 0.42
    n-propyl acetate 0.93
    acetic acid 5.14
    dichloromethane 0.44
    cyclohexanone 1.36
    propylene glycol 3.31
    isopropyl acetate 1.03
    DMAc 7.13
    2-ethoxyethanol 2.5
    isopentanol 0.75
    n-heptane 0.07
    ethyl formate 1.67
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.32
    n-hexanol 0.56
    2-methoxyethanol 5.96
    isobutyl acetate 0.61
    tetrachloromethane 0.16
    n-pentyl acetate 0.92
    transcutol 4.06
    n-heptanol 0.43
    ethylbenzene 0.06
    MIBK 0.75
    2-propoxyethanol 3.48
    tert-butanol 0.92
    MTBE 0.54
    2-butoxyethanol 2.07
    propionic acid 3.04
    o-xylene 0.15
    formic acid 5.44
    diethyl ether 0.55
    m-xylene 0.16
    p-xylene 0.09
    chlorobenzene 0.16
    dimethyl carbonate 2.73
    n-octane 0.03
    formamide 5.41
    cyclopentanone 2.98
    2-pentanone 1.14
    anisole 0.3
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 1.19
    gamma-butyrolactone 6.17
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 4.89
    pyridine 0.76
    3-pentanone 0.91
    furfural 5.22
    n-dodecane 0.03
    diethylene glycol 5.39
    diisopropyl ether 0.22
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.92
    acetylacetone 2.12
    n-hexadecane 0.03
    acetophenone 0.56
    methyl propionate 2.14
    isopentyl acetate 1.13
    trichloroethylene 0.62
    n-nonanol 0.39
    cyclohexanol 0.66
    benzyl alcohol 0.5
    2-ethylhexanol 0.42
    isooctanol 0.37
    dipropyl ether 0.55
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.19
    ethyl lactate 2.11
    propylene carbonate 4.26
    n-methylformamide 3.03
    2-pentanol 0.63
    n-pentane 0.06
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 2.73
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 2.92
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 2.69
    mesitylene 0.12
    ε-caprolactone 2.42
    p-cymene 0.13
    epichlorohydrin 2.79
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.31
    2-aminoethanol 2.79
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 7.24
    sulfolane 12.14
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.04
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 1.65
    n-hexyl acetate 0.99
    isooctane 0.03
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 2.73
    sec-butyl acetate 0.64
    tert-butyl acetate 1.16
    decalin 0.03
    glycerin 8.76
    diglyme 4.17
    acrylic acid 4.13
    isopropyl myristate 0.43
    n-butyric acid 2.64
    acetyl acetate 1.58
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 0.97
    ethyl propionate 1.08
    nitromethane 6.28
    1,2-diethoxyethane 0.83
    benzonitrile 0.37
    trioctyl phosphate 0.76
    1-bromopropane 0.22
    gamma-valerolactone 6.1
    n-decanol 0.3
    triethyl phosphate 1.3
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.4
    propionitrile 0.49
    vinylene carbonate 3.05
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 6.15
    DMS 1.71
    cumene 0.07
    2-octanol 0.32
    2-hexanone 0.74
    octyl acetate 0.64
    limonene 0.19
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 2.48
    ethyl orthosilicate 1.0
    tributyl phosphate 0.94
    diacetone alcohol 2.45
    N,N-dimethylaniline 0.29
    acrylonitrile 0.74
    aniline 0.6
    1,3-propanediol 3.03
    bromobenzene 0.11
    dibromomethane 0.29
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 0.67
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.96
    tetrabutyl urea 1.1
    diisobutyl methanol 0.31
    2-phenylethanol 0.56
    styrene 0.06
    dioctyl adipate 0.88
    dimethyl sulfate 7.4
    ethyl butyrate 1.15
    methyl lactate 5.36
    butyl lactate 1.94
    diethyl carbonate 1.14
    propanediol butyl ether 2.56
    triethyl orthoformate 1.26
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.15
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 1.67
    morpholine 1.9
    tert-butylamine 0.39
    n-dodecanol 0.23
    dimethoxymethane 3.39
    ethylene carbonate 2.35
    cyrene 4.14
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 1.85
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.92
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.34
    4-methylpyridine 0.77
    dibutyl ether 0.34
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 0.31
    DEF 2.0
    dimethyl isosorbide 4.39
    tetrachloroethylene 0.44
    eugenol 1.94
    triacetin 1.98
    span 80 2.15
    1,4-butanediol 1.26
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.27
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.52
    methyl formate 2.89
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.84
    n-decane 0.04
    butyronitrile 0.53
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 0.37
    1-chlorooctane 0.12
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.07
    n-nonane 0.03
    undecane 0.03
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.03
    cyclooctane 0.02
    cyclopentanol 1.26
    tetrahydropyran 0.63
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.67
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 3.6
    1-hexene 0.13
    2-isopropoxyethanol 1.5
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 4.57
    methyl butyrate 1.23

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction