Lead oxide

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    1317-36-8

    Molecular formula
    OPb

    SMILES
    O=[Pb]

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

    Environmental Hazard
    Environmental

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 93.01%
    Pungent 22.97%
    Sharp 21.56%
    Burnt 17.11%
    Sour 16.45%
    Bitter 16.09%
    Caramellic 11.19%
    Ethereal 11.13%
    Fermented 10.06%
    Clean 9.52%

     

  • Properties

    pKa est.
    18.9 (strong base)

    Molecular weight
    223.0 g/mol

    Melting point expt.

    • 887 °C
    • MP: 897 °C, begins to sublime before melting
    • 888 °C

    Boiling point

    • 1472 °C
    • 1470 °C

    Flash point

    • 100.13 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • In water: 0.0504 g/L at 25 °C (alpha form); 0.1065 g/L at 25 °C (beta form)
    • Water: 0.017 g/L at 20 °C
    • Insoluble in water, alcohol; soluble in acetic acid, dilute nitric acid, warm soln of fixed alkali hydroxides
    • Soluble in ammonium chloride
    • Solubility in water: none

  • Synonyms

    • Lead monoxide
    • Lead(II) oxide
    • 1317-36-8
    • Lead oxide (PbO)
    • Litharge
    • oxolead
    • Massicotite
    • Massicot
    • Lead monooxide
    • Lead protoxide
    • Plumbous oxide
    • Litharge Pure
    • Lead Oxide Yellow
    • Yellow Lead Ocher
    • Bleimonoxid
    • Bleioxyd
    • Lead(2+) oxide
    • Plumbi monoxidum
    • Plumbum oxydatum
    • Litharge Yellow L-28
    • Lead oxide (VAN)
    • HSDB 638
    • C.I. 77577
    • Lead oxide, PbO
    • EINECS 215-267-0
    • NSC 57634
    • UNII-4IN6FN8492
    • CI 77577
    • MFCD00011164
    • EC 215-267-0
    • 4IN6FN8492
    • NSC-57634
    • 79120-33-5
    • lithargite
    • oxygen lead
    • hydrate plumbane
    • lead(II)oxide
    • Litharge (PbO)
    • Lead oxide, (PbO)
    • Litharge Yellow L28
    • WLN: PB O
    • Lead(II) oxide, low silver
    • DTXCID101079304
    • DTXSID601014496
    • DTXSID601018731
    • Lead(II) oxide, LR, >=98%
    • NSC57634
    • Lead(II) oxide, p.a., 99.0%
    • AKOS015903624
    • FL145356
    • Lead(II) oxide, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
    • NS00093483
    • Lead(II) oxide, 99.9995% (metals basis)
    • Lead(II) oxide, 99.999% trace metals basis
    • Lead(II) oxide, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
    • Lead(II) oxide, SAJ special grade, >=99.5%
    • Q407879
    • Lead(II) oxide, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (KT), yellow
    • Lead(II) oxide, powder, <10 mum, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.9% trace metals basis
    • 215-267-0
    • 215-626-1

  • Applications

    Lead oxide (CAS 1317-36-8) is widely used as a heat stabilizer in PVC and other plastics, helping to prevent degradation during processing; as a pigment and anti-corrosion coating component in paints and primers; as a flux and colorant in glass, ceramics, and glazes to improve melt behavior, brightness, and heat resistance; as a starting material for the manufacture of lead-acid battery electrodes; and as a feedstock for lead-containing ceramics and electronic materials (for example in piezoelectric ceramics).

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 1069.54
    methanol 1475.39
    isopropanol 896.67
    water 470.83
    ethyl acetate 319.34
    n-propanol 703.01
    acetone 1050.15
    n-butanol 621.71
    acetonitrile 558.3
    DMF 2972.13
    toluene 115.63
    isobutanol 477.76
    1,4-dioxane 929.96
    methyl acetate 429.04
    THF 1239.55
    2-butanone 502.24
    n-pentanol 483.18
    sec-butanol 576.5
    n-hexane 60.86
    ethylene glycol 1117.07
    NMP 1391.69
    cyclohexane 75.63
    DMSO 2353.53
    n-butyl acetate 228.5
    n-octanol 303.34
    chloroform 358.08
    n-propyl acetate 295.61
    acetic acid 1007.96
    dichloromethane 402.29
    cyclohexanone 467.71
    propylene glycol 702.01
    isopropyl acetate 242.56
    DMAc 1601.82
    2-ethoxyethanol 1015.86
    isopentanol 473.93
    n-heptane 78.08
    ethyl formate 340.95
    1,2-dichloroethane 352.26
    n-hexanol 373.79
    2-methoxyethanol 1785.13
    isobutyl acetate 188.72
    tetrachloromethane 122.61
    n-pentyl acetate 241.78
    transcutol 1431.82
    n-heptanol 277.23
    ethylbenzene 87.37
    MIBK 305.53
    2-propoxyethanol 776.77
    tert-butanol 902.82
    MTBE 432.78
    2-butoxyethanol 549.37
    propionic acid 494.84
    o-xylene 137.91
    formic acid 996.75
    diethyl ether 497.42
    m-xylene 122.91
    p-xylene 100.0
    chlorobenzene 133.21
    dimethyl carbonate 322.49
    n-octane 40.24
    formamide 1282.22
    cyclopentanone 725.49
    2-pentanone 473.6
    anisole 289.78
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 519.27
    gamma-butyrolactone 672.69
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 1127.19
    pyridine 461.42
    3-pentanone 344.48
    furfural 698.62
    n-dodecane 39.54
    diethylene glycol 1080.54
    diisopropyl ether 187.95
    tert-amyl alcohol 590.42
    acetylacetone 473.29
    n-hexadecane 40.95
    acetophenone 288.84
    methyl propionate 373.08
    isopentyl acetate 195.62
    trichloroethylene 440.12
    n-nonanol 267.5
    cyclohexanol 454.78
    benzyl alcohol 325.87
    2-ethylhexanol 221.24
    isooctanol 219.86
    dipropyl ether 283.89
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 147.93
    ethyl lactate 260.89
    propylene carbonate 331.05
    n-methylformamide 1156.18
    2-pentanol 482.64
    n-pentane 101.79
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 548.75
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 297.72
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 467.65
    mesitylene 105.85
    ε-caprolactone 401.62
    p-cymene 98.95
    epichlorohydrin 689.38
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 237.05
    2-aminoethanol 1060.4
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 1392.28
    sulfolane 942.53
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 51.15
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 681.34
    n-hexyl acetate 289.29
    isooctane 45.09
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 674.37
    sec-butyl acetate 193.95
    tert-butyl acetate 284.05
    decalin 40.86
    glycerin 1165.07
    diglyme 1011.28
    acrylic acid 533.39
    isopropyl myristate 160.68
    n-butyric acid 466.82
    acetyl acetate 218.17
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 159.81
    ethyl propionate 238.94
    nitromethane 1118.44
    1,2-diethoxyethane 446.11
    benzonitrile 242.75
    trioctyl phosphate 149.45
    1-bromopropane 223.69
    gamma-valerolactone 862.3
    n-decanol 222.78
    triethyl phosphate 145.14
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 281.41
    propionitrile 351.67
    vinylene carbonate 300.63
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 730.71
    DMS 230.5
    cumene 87.62
    2-octanol 218.82
    2-hexanone 327.16
    octyl acetate 204.87
    limonene 150.0
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 1128.34
    ethyl orthosilicate 151.09
    tributyl phosphate 156.97
    diacetone alcohol 497.6
    N,N-dimethylaniline 302.28
    acrylonitrile 428.66
    aniline 297.83
    1,3-propanediol 1056.01
    bromobenzene 99.3
    dibromomethane 279.66
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 403.51
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 184.9
    tetrabutyl urea 258.71
    diisobutyl methanol 172.84
    2-phenylethanol 274.93
    styrene 111.93
    dioctyl adipate 217.2
    dimethyl sulfate 533.54
    ethyl butyrate 214.02
    methyl lactate 438.31
    butyl lactate 251.71
    diethyl carbonate 144.43
    propanediol butyl ether 583.63
    triethyl orthoformate 185.07
    p-tert-butyltoluene 104.28
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 317.53
    morpholine 1110.41
    tert-butylamine 567.77
    n-dodecanol 189.47
    dimethoxymethane 1234.74
    ethylene carbonate 260.57
    cyrene 455.91
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 309.57
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 161.52
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 190.92
    4-methylpyridine 372.79
    dibutyl ether 228.5
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 172.84
    DEF 717.05
    dimethyl isosorbide 572.97
    tetrachloroethylene 337.21
    eugenol 393.32
    triacetin 291.99
    span 80 431.62
    1,4-butanediol 584.52
    1,1-dichloroethane 286.15
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 362.35
    methyl formate 787.6
    2-methyl-1-butanol 428.66
    n-decane 53.99
    butyronitrile 337.33
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 245.48
    1-chlorooctane 139.19
    1-chlorotetradecane 77.76
    n-nonane 52.36
    undecane 44.69
    tert-butylcyclohexane 42.88
    cyclooctane 40.91
    cyclopentanol 605.72
    tetrahydropyran 564.22
    tert-amyl methyl ether 392.52
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 810.1
    1-hexene 144.17
    2-isopropoxyethanol 681.58
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 577.3
    methyl butyrate 311.93

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction