Isatin

Overview IFRA Request a quote

  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    91-56-5

    Molecular formula
    C8H5NO2

    SMILES
    C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C(=O)N2

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Sweet 44.23%
    Burnt 39.11%
    Odorless 37.73%
    Caramellic 36.05%
    Nutty 31.78%
    Bitter 29.66%
    Phenolic 25.47%
    Spicy 24.58%
    Coumarinic 23.41%
    Almond 23.4%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 85.22%
    Odorless 24.42%
    Nitrile 20.67%
    Lovage 19.86%
    Fenugreek 19.47%
    Very strong 19.37%
    Indole 19.14%
    Bread crust 19.06%
    Urine 18.79%
    Moth ball 18.73%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.8

    pKa est.
    8.48 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    147.13 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    347°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 203 dec °C
    • 203.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

    Flash point

    • 173.92 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • Isatin
    • 91-56-5
    • 1H-Indole-2,3-dione
    • INDOLE-2,3-DIONE
    • 2,3-Diketoindoline
    • 2,3-Dioxoindoline
    • Pseudoisatin
    • Isatic acid lactam
    • Isotin
    • Isatinic acid anhydride
    • o-Aminobenzoylformic anhydride
    • 2,3-Dioxo-2,3-dihydroindole
    • 2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-2,3-dione
    • DTXSID3038694
    • NSC-9262
    • 82X95S7M06
    • DTXCID1018694
    • CHEBI:27539
    • 2,3 Dioxoindoline
    • RefChem:148910
    • Indoline-2,3-dione
    • 2,3-Indolinedione
    • Isatine
    • Tribulin
    • 2,3-Ketoindoline
    • MFCD00005718
    • NSC 9262
    • 84788-92-1
    • 2,3-dihydroindole-2,3-dione
    • CHEMBL326294
    • 1H-benzo[d]azoline-2,3-dione
    • 1186480-61-4
    • EINECS 202-077-8
    • BRN 0383659
    • AI3-03111
    • 3-Indolinedione
    • UNII-82X95S7M06
    • indol-2
    • Indole-2
    • hydroxy-3-indolone
    • Isatin, p.a.
    • 3-hydroxy-2-indolone
    • Isatin (Compound 1)
    • Isatin, technical grade
    • 2H-indole-2,3-dione
    • ISATIN [MI]
    • EC 202-077-8
    • WLN: T56 BMVVJ
    • SCHEMBL34016
    • 5-21-10-00221 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • MLS001066355
    • orb1300398
    • SCHEMBL1386281
    • SCHEMBL1501860
    • SCHEMBL1501879
    • SCHEMBL1809708
    • SCHEMBL7073534
    • SCHEMBL9027945
    • SCHEMBL28614049
    • SCHEMBL31087266
    • 2,3-Dihydro-indole-2,3-dione
    • BDBM11022
    • NSC9262
    • HMS2267D18
    • HMS3885P18
    • HMS5083G20
    • HMS6018N07
    • S00335a
    • BB_NC-02184
    • HY-Y0265
    • 2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2,3-dione
    • Tox21_202876
    • EBC-13637
    • s4717
    • SBB009100
    • STK387523
    • AKOS000119125
    • CCG-266182
    • CS-W020128
    • DB02095
    • FI02371
    • SB64041
    • CAS-91-56-5
    • NCGC00246983-01
    • NCGC00260422-01
    • AC-10666
    • AS-10908
    • SMR000471835
    • SY005277
    • DB-061345
    • I0080
    • NS00005535
    • ST50213409
    • EN300-17956
    • D70304
    • I-7801
    • A843979
    • F077309
    • Q421348
    • doi:10.14272/JXDYKVIHCLTXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N.1
    • F9995-1662
    • Isatin, for spectrophotometric det. of proline and thiophene, >=99.0%
    • InChI=1/C8H5NO2/c10-7-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)9-8(7)11/h1-4H,(H,9,10,11
    • 91-56-5

  • Applications

    Isatin (CAS 91-56-5) is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceutical and bioactive compounds, notably oxindole derivatives that play a role in drug discovery and development. It also serves as a key precursor for dyes and pigments, enabling the production of colorants through functionalization of the indole framework. Additionally, isatin is employed as a building block in organic synthesis to access various heterocyclic compounds, and it is used as a precursor for agrochemical candidates and other specialty chemicals. In industrial manufacturing, it is often evaluated as a versatile starting material for creating more complex molecules, with use cases governed by regulatory and formulation considerations.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 14.92
    methanol 28.56
    isopropanol 11.24
    water 0.57
    ethyl acetate 12.02
    n-propanol 11.56
    acetone 33.57
    n-butanol 11.43
    acetonitrile 21.1
    DMF 326.96
    toluene 1.59
    isobutanol 7.67
    1,4-dioxane 41.3
    methyl acetate 21.84
    THF 50.0
    2-butanone 18.72
    n-pentanol 11.38
    sec-butanol 9.47
    n-hexane 0.22
    ethylene glycol 26.83
    NMP 72.3
    cyclohexane 0.18
    DMSO 154.03
    n-butyl acetate 14.23
    n-octanol 24.09
    chloroform 7.04
    n-propyl acetate 9.53
    acetic acid 15.87
    dichloromethane 6.05
    cyclohexanone 18.31
    propylene glycol 15.42
    isopropyl acetate 11.31
    DMAc 160.96
    2-ethoxyethanol 61.84
    isopentanol 13.05
    n-heptane 0.57
    ethyl formate 16.66
    1,2-dichloroethane 10.49
    n-hexanol 15.45
    2-methoxyethanol 116.02
    isobutyl acetate 6.65
    tetrachloromethane 1.55
    n-pentyl acetate 18.52
    transcutol 826.38
    n-heptanol 15.27
    ethylbenzene 2.63
    MIBK 16.39
    2-propoxyethanol 60.97
    tert-butanol 19.71
    MTBE 8.74
    2-butoxyethanol 53.69
    propionic acid 12.26
    o-xylene 2.74
    formic acid 25.32
    diethyl ether 8.75
    m-xylene 2.76
    p-xylene 3.62
    chlorobenzene 4.87
    dimethyl carbonate 25.89
    n-octane 0.64
    formamide 59.67
    cyclopentanone 28.5
    2-pentanone 17.56
    anisole 15.33
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 10.72
    gamma-butyrolactone 33.32
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 75.72
    pyridine 14.15
    3-pentanone 9.96
    furfural 54.96
    n-dodecane 1.19
    diethylene glycol 97.41
    diisopropyl ether 3.27
    tert-amyl alcohol 15.02
    acetylacetone 36.78
    n-hexadecane 1.36
    acetophenone 18.63
    methyl propionate 16.08
    isopentyl acetate 14.92
    trichloroethylene 17.09
    n-nonanol 22.04
    cyclohexanol 6.19
    benzyl alcohol 16.63
    2-ethylhexanol 9.87
    isooctanol 12.27
    dipropyl ether 8.58
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 8.24
    ethyl lactate 20.85
    propylene carbonate 19.23
    n-methylformamide 79.49
    2-pentanol 8.33
    n-pentane 0.19
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 39.84
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 32.49
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 69.57
    mesitylene 2.93
    ε-caprolactone 17.53
    p-cymene 4.87
    epichlorohydrin 40.87
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 6.19
    2-aminoethanol 26.26
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 113.48
    sulfolane 57.28
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.35
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 13.12
    n-hexyl acetate 33.38
    isooctane 0.4
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 136.51
    sec-butyl acetate 7.41
    tert-butyl acetate 15.95
    decalin 0.54
    glycerin 48.38
    diglyme 219.63
    acrylic acid 17.25
    isopropyl myristate 14.25
    n-butyric acid 13.77
    acetyl acetate 12.1
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 16.18
    ethyl propionate 10.16
    nitromethane 72.46
    1,2-diethoxyethane 65.77
    benzonitrile 16.18
    trioctyl phosphate 12.65
    1-bromopropane 2.95
    gamma-valerolactone 59.1
    n-decanol 16.86
    triethyl phosphate 11.76
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 8.69
    propionitrile 14.79
    vinylene carbonate 19.42
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 50.95
    DMS 29.65
    cumene 3.27
    2-octanol 12.5
    2-hexanone 12.72
    octyl acetate 19.36
    limonene 5.07
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 92.75
    ethyl orthosilicate 10.21
    tributyl phosphate 14.61
    diacetone alcohol 38.72
    N,N-dimethylaniline 15.07
    acrylonitrile 29.8
    aniline 6.78
    1,3-propanediol 35.16
    bromobenzene 3.48
    dibromomethane 3.35
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 18.17
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 12.45
    tetrabutyl urea 25.61
    diisobutyl methanol 8.25
    2-phenylethanol 22.7
    styrene 2.8
    dioctyl adipate 19.28
    dimethyl sulfate 47.0
    ethyl butyrate 12.19
    methyl lactate 38.07
    butyl lactate 27.7
    diethyl carbonate 10.87
    propanediol butyl ether 78.95
    triethyl orthoformate 12.84
    p-tert-butyltoluene 5.05
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 30.68
    morpholine 39.33
    tert-butylamine 7.56
    n-dodecanol 12.66
    dimethoxymethane 96.66
    ethylene carbonate 14.68
    cyrene 39.84
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 38.84
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 10.72
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 10.0
    4-methylpyridine 12.44
    dibutyl ether 19.51
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 8.25
    DEF 36.67
    dimethyl isosorbide 72.46
    tetrachloroethylene 11.53
    eugenol 45.89
    triacetin 37.73
    span 80 39.1
    1,4-butanediol 19.36
    1,1-dichloroethane 5.45
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 11.6
    methyl formate 61.26
    2-methyl-1-butanol 9.83
    n-decane 1.6
    butyronitrile 12.52
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 17.91
    1-chlorooctane 8.33
    1-chlorotetradecane 4.2
    n-nonane 1.23
    undecane 1.38
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.64
    cyclooctane 0.16
    cyclopentanol 8.2
    tetrahydropyran 9.37
    tert-amyl methyl ether 8.93
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 146.28
    1-hexene 1.36
    2-isopropoxyethanol 37.73
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 16.88
    methyl butyrate 14.11

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction