Glyceryl monocitrate

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    36291-32-4

    Molecular formula
    C9H14O9

    SMILES
    C(C(COC(=O)CC(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O)O)O

    Safety labels

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 59.24%
    Sweet 33.67%
    Buttery 29.73%
    Sour 29.35%
    Caramellic 26.4%
    Winey 23.58%
    Clean 23.4%
    Milky 21.81%
    Creamy 21.7%
    Savory 21.7%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 71.47%
    Very mild 40.21%
    Mild 32.45%
    Bland 29.02%
    Sour 27.63%
    Sweet-like 25.66%
    Yeast 23.1%
    Caramellic 23.03%
    Very slight 20.07%
    Acetoin 19.74%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -3.0

    pKa est.
    3.73 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    266.2 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    599°C

    Flash point

    • 251.62 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • Monoglyceride citrate
    • 36291-32-4
    • 2-[2-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-oxoethyl]-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid
    • Citric acid, ester with glycerol
    • Glyceryl monocitrate
    • EINECS 252-951-8
    • 4987GT719I
    • 1,2,3-Propanetriol mono(2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate)
    • 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol
    • GLYCERYL CITRATE (II)
    • GLYCERYL CITRATE [II]
    • glyceryl citrate
    • 2-(2-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-oxoethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid
    • Glycerin monocitrate
    • RefChem:663550
    • Monoglyceride citrate [NF]
    • DTXSID301059746
    • Citric acid, monoester with glycerol
    • 1,1'-Monoglyceride citrate
    • 9KXW8132HH
    • UNII-9KXW8132HH
    • 109350-12-1
    • 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 1-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ester
    • SCHEMBL168114
    • UNII-4987GT719I
    • CHEBI:166458
    • NS00057686
    • Q27272685
    • 2-(2-(2,3-Dihydroxypropoxy)-2-oxoethyl)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid
    • 36291-32-4

  • Applications

    Glyceryl monocitrate is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of citrate esters and, as an additive, can act as a plasticizer for polymers and coatings to improve flexibility and processability. In the polymer and coatings/inks sector, it can function as a plasticizing component and formulation aid to tailor film properties and adhesion. In cosmetics and personal care, it may serve as a humectant or emollient in emulsion systems, within regulatory limits. In cleaning and industrial formulations, it can provide solubility-enhancing or stabilizing effects and may participate in chelating-related roles as part of formulation systems, depending on the recipe. These applications are subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 113.78
    methanol 363.13
    isopropanol 53.78
    water 315.92
    ethyl acetate 4.45
    n-propanol 59.93
    acetone 51.27
    n-butanol 25.63
    acetonitrile 10.31
    DMF 1844.74
    toluene 1.43
    isobutanol 20.45
    1,4-dioxane 46.68
    methyl acetate 9.22
    THF 85.94
    2-butanone 17.25
    n-pentanol 12.61
    sec-butanol 27.8
    n-hexane 0.89
    ethylene glycol 348.46
    NMP 468.87
    cyclohexane 1.51
    DMSO 1514.16
    n-butyl acetate 1.74
    n-octanol 4.64
    chloroform 0.65
    n-propyl acetate 3.37
    acetic acid 65.25
    dichloromethane 1.33
    cyclohexanone 19.05
    propylene glycol 220.86
    isopropyl acetate 3.16
    DMAc 704.99
    2-ethoxyethanol 187.86
    isopentanol 14.71
    n-heptane 1.22
    ethyl formate 12.84
    1,2-dichloroethane 3.09
    n-hexanol 6.31
    2-methoxyethanol 535.61
    isobutyl acetate 0.96
    tetrachloromethane 0.38
    n-pentyl acetate 1.6
    transcutol 58.29
    n-heptanol 4.58
    ethylbenzene 1.26
    MIBK 7.07
    2-propoxyethanol 59.45
    tert-butanol 67.27
    MTBE 10.12
    2-butoxyethanol 22.73
    propionic acid 24.5
    o-xylene 2.5
    formic acid 448.56
    diethyl ether 11.34
    m-xylene 1.36
    p-xylene 1.13
    chlorobenzene 0.32
    dimethyl carbonate 27.28
    n-octane 0.55
    formamide 615.56
    cyclopentanone 40.55
    2-pentanone 14.48
    anisole 7.34
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 21.43
    gamma-butyrolactone 47.05
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 238.76
    pyridine 12.3
    3-pentanone 10.61
    furfural 42.49
    n-dodecane 0.31
    diethylene glycol 135.49
    diisopropyl ether 2.1
    tert-amyl alcohol 38.98
    acetylacetone 18.23
    n-hexadecane 0.33
    acetophenone 7.26
    methyl propionate 16.87
    isopentyl acetate 1.31
    trichloroethylene 2.4
    n-nonanol 4.48
    cyclohexanol 16.35
    benzyl alcohol 10.96
    2-ethylhexanol 2.45
    isooctanol 2.98
    dipropyl ether 7.41
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.49
    ethyl lactate 15.29
    propylene carbonate 11.31
    n-methylformamide 480.67
    2-pentanol 13.3
    n-pentane 1.16
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 26.64
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 7.35
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 25.07
    mesitylene 1.23
    ε-caprolactone 15.66
    p-cymene 0.92
    epichlorohydrin 29.84
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.6
    2-aminoethanol 377.4
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 288.38
    sulfolane 175.12
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.43
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 21.32
    n-hexyl acetate 2.64
    isooctane 0.2
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 33.93
    sec-butyl acetate 1.69
    tert-butyl acetate 5.8
    decalin 0.51
    glycerin 481.76
    diglyme 71.95
    acrylic acid 36.1
    isopropyl myristate 1.33
    n-butyric acid 14.69
    acetyl acetate 2.11
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 2.12
    ethyl propionate 4.88
    nitromethane 113.07
    1,2-diethoxyethane 7.08
    benzonitrile 2.07
    trioctyl phosphate 2.03
    1-bromopropane 1.26
    gamma-valerolactone 99.25
    n-decanol 3.37
    triethyl phosphate 3.09
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 5.41
    propionitrile 7.32
    vinylene carbonate 9.97
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 56.39
    DMS 3.54
    cumene 0.96
    2-octanol 2.6
    2-hexanone 5.19
    octyl acetate 2.04
    limonene 1.55
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 156.34
    ethyl orthosilicate 3.03
    tributyl phosphate 1.83
    diacetone alcohol 36.45
    N,N-dimethylaniline 12.03
    acrylonitrile 13.98
    aniline 6.3
    1,3-propanediol 205.41
    bromobenzene 0.21
    dibromomethane 0.75
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 3.61
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 2.26
    tetrabutyl urea 6.24
    diisobutyl methanol 2.08
    2-phenylethanol 4.78
    styrene 1.13
    dioctyl adipate 2.61
    dimethyl sulfate 78.93
    ethyl butyrate 2.83
    methyl lactate 62.57
    butyl lactate 5.3
    diethyl carbonate 1.84
    propanediol butyl ether 26.62
    triethyl orthoformate 3.76
    p-tert-butyltoluene 1.0
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 9.35
    morpholine 99.69
    tert-butylamine 18.77
    n-dodecanol 2.49
    dimethoxymethane 286.88
    ethylene carbonate 7.82
    cyrene 57.24
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 3.0
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.95
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.79
    4-methylpyridine 9.54
    dibutyl ether 2.65
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 2.08
    DEF 72.49
    dimethyl isosorbide 32.95
    tetrachloroethylene 2.68
    eugenol 13.08
    triacetin 5.12
    span 80 15.25
    1,4-butanediol 77.25
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.82
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 6.59
    methyl formate 198.51
    2-methyl-1-butanol 14.93
    n-decane 0.57
    butyronitrile 4.93
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 2.68
    1-chlorooctane 0.89
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.45
    n-nonane 0.59
    undecane 0.4
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.33
    cyclooctane 0.76
    cyclopentanol 28.38
    tetrahydropyran 16.98
    tert-amyl methyl ether 11.98
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 55.74
    1-hexene 1.66
    2-isopropoxyethanol 53.22
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 43.29
    methyl butyrate 8.73

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction