Formamide

Overview IFRA Request a quote

  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    75-12-7

    Molecular formula
    CH3NO

    SMILES
    C(=O)N

    Safety labels

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 63.8%
    Pungent 47.45%
    Sharp 31.64%
    Cheesy 26.39%
    Fruity 26.24%
    Green 23.32%
    Radish 20.47%
    Alliaceous 19.96%
    Fermented 18.23%
    Sour 18.21%

     

    Flavor
    Pungent 55.9%
    Odorless 42.23%
    Mustard 41.29%
    Vinegar 33.64%
    Formyl 27.52%
    Bitter 27.07%
    Sulfur 26.1%
    Rotten 22.91%
    Garlic 22.66%
    Mousy 22.64%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

    Odor threshold

    • Odor recognition in water: 1.00X10+2 (chemically pure)
    • 150 mg/cu m (odor low) 150 mg/cu m (odor high)

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -0.8

    pKa est.
    7.18 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    45.041 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderate

    Melting point expt.

    • 36.5 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 2.55 °C
    • 2.5 °C
    • 37 °F

    Boiling point

    • 410 °F at 760 mmHg (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
    • 210.5 °C @ 760 mm Hg
    • BP: 200-212 °C with partial decomposition beginning approximately 180 °C
    • 411 °F (decomposes)
    • 411 °F (Decomposes)

    Flash point

    • 91.38 ˚C est.
    • 310 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 310 °F
    • 310 °F (OPEN CUP)
    • 120 °C c.c.
    • 310 °F (open-cup)
    • (oc) 310 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • Sol in alcohol and acetone
    • Miscible with methanol, phenol, dioxane, acetic acid, ethylene glycol, USP glycerol.
    • Insoluble in ethanol; very soluble in ethyl ether; miscible in chloroform, petroleum ether.
    • In water, 1.0X10+6 mg/l @ 25 °C.
    • 1000.0 mg/mL
    • Solubility in water: miscible
    • Miscible

  • Synonyms

    • formamide
    • 75-12-7
    • Methanamide
    • carbamaldehyde
    • Formimidic acid
    • Formic acid, amide
    • formamid
    • Methanoic acid, amide
    • Methanimidic acid
    • Amid kyseliny mravenci
    • NSC 748
    • HSDB 88
    • Methanamid
    • CCRIS 6240
    • Amid kyseliny mravenci [Czech]
    • DTXSID8025337
    • Formic amide
    • Ameisensaeureamid
    • AI3-15357
    • Methanamide;Formimidic acid
    • EINECS 200-842-0
    • MFCD00007941
    • Amide C1
    • Formamide (deionizde)
    • UNII-4781T907ZS
    • CHEBI:16397
    • NSC-748
    • HCONH2
    • 4781T907ZS
    • FORMAMIDE-1-D1
    • DTXCID805337
    • Formamide-13C-15N (9CI)
    • EC 200-842-0
    • 60100-09-6
    • FORMAMIDE (USP-RS)
    • FORMAMIDE [USP-RS]
    • CAS-75-12-7
    • Formamide, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.5% (GC/T)
    • imidoformic acid
    • Formamide; Carbamaldehyde; Formimidic acid; Methanamide; NSC 748
    • N-formyl amine
    • amino-formaldehyde
    • primary carboxamide
    • Imino-methylalkohol
    • Formamide,Deionized
    • primary carboxamides
    • MB8
    • Formamide, ACS reagent
    • NH2CHO
    • FORMAMIDE [MI]
    • FORMAMIDE [HSDB]
    • WLN: ZVH
    • bmse000267
    • Formamide, >=99.0%
    • Formamide, >=99.5%
    • Formamide, p.a., 99.5%
    • CHEMBL266160
    • GTPL4739
    • NSC748
    • Formamide, reagent grade, 98%
    • CHEBI:48431
    • HY-Y0842B
    • CHEBI:140324
    • DTXSID001318680
    • Formamide, Spectrophotometric Grade
    • HY-Y0842
    • Tox21_201942
    • Tox21_302824
    • MSK001220
    • STL197469
    • Formamide, ACS reagent, >=99.5%
    • Formamide, BioXtra, >=99% (GC)
    • AKOS009031608
    • Residual Solvent Class 2 - Formamide
    • FF39125
    • Formamide, SAJ first grade, >=98.5%
    • NCGC00091516-01
    • NCGC00091516-02
    • NCGC00256321-01
    • NCGC00259491-01
    • Formamide, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.5%
    • Formamide, JIS special grade, >=98.5%
    • Formamide, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
    • DB-055937
    • CS-0015817
    • CS-0898265
    • F0045
    • Formamide, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%
    • NS00008593
    • EN300-19895
    • Formamide, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.0% (GC)
    • C00488
    • InChI=1/CH3NO/c2-1-3/h1H,(H2,2,3
    • A838330
    • Q283917
    • Q27110288
    • F0001-1892
    • Formamide, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (T)
    • Formamide, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (GC), liquid
    • Formamide, >=99.5% (GC), BioReagent, for molecular biology
    • 200-842-0

  • Applications

    Formamide (CAS 75-12-7) is a polar, high-boiling solvent used as a processing medium in chemical manufacturing. It serves as a solvent for polymer and resin processing, including polymer systems and cellulose derivatives. In coatings, inks, and dyeing applications, it functions as a solvent for dissolving and thinning resins and additives. It is also a starting material and intermediate for the synthesis of formamide derivatives and heterocyclic compounds, which are used in pharmaceutical and agrochemical manufacture. Additionally, it is used as a solvent for processing steps and surface preparation in industrial cleaning, subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 41.36
    methanol 126.75
    isopropanol 19.74
    water 466.73
    ethyl acetate 12.25
    n-propanol 20.57
    acetone 32.54
    n-butanol 12.91
    acetonitrile 34.36
    DMF 461.51
    toluene 1.81
    isobutanol 12.25
    1,4-dioxane 24.49
    methyl acetate 23.6
    THF 24.56
    2-butanone 15.42
    n-pentanol 8.47
    sec-butanol 11.5
    n-hexane 0.54
    ethylene glycol 94.95
    NMP 195.79
    cyclohexane 0.6
    DMSO 188.01
    n-butyl acetate 5.53
    n-octanol 3.57
    chloroform 4.58
    n-propyl acetate 6.56
    acetic acid 117.82
    dichloromethane 6.96
    cyclohexanone 17.07
    propylene glycol 55.55
    isopropyl acetate 5.43
    DMAc 278.58
    2-ethoxyethanol 36.7
    isopentanol 7.72
    n-heptane 0.56
    ethyl formate 27.67
    1,2-dichloroethane 5.29
    n-hexanol 5.03
    2-methoxyethanol 89.5
    isobutyl acetate 3.35
    tetrachloromethane 1.49
    n-pentyl acetate 4.41
    transcutol 35.84
    n-heptanol 3.41
    ethylbenzene 0.89
    MIBK 4.36
    2-propoxyethanol 23.58
    tert-butanol 13.8
    MTBE 5.47
    2-butoxyethanol 13.68
    propionic acid 55.07
    o-xylene 2.11
    formic acid 254.16
    diethyl ether 5.74
    m-xylene 1.52
    p-xylene 1.46
    chlorobenzene 2.69
    dimethyl carbonate 23.39
    n-octane 0.25
    formamide 203.86
    cyclopentanone 28.86
    2-pentanone 8.73
    anisole 5.21
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 7.61
    gamma-butyrolactone 53.18
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 45.19
    pyridine 19.37
    3-pentanone 7.59
    furfural 73.67
    n-dodecane 0.23
    diethylene glycol 44.45
    diisopropyl ether 1.25
    tert-amyl alcohol 10.71
    acetylacetone 13.79
    n-hexadecane 0.24
    acetophenone 7.39
    methyl propionate 20.05
    isopentyl acetate 3.96
    trichloroethylene 8.87
    n-nonanol 3.22
    cyclohexanol 7.77
    benzyl alcohol 9.46
    2-ethylhexanol 2.58
    isooctanol 2.44
    dipropyl ether 3.44
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 2.9
    ethyl lactate 12.56
    propylene carbonate 24.68
    n-methylformamide 180.21
    2-pentanol 5.43
    n-pentane 0.66
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 13.56
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 9.44
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 15.27
    mesitylene 1.02
    ε-caprolactone 19.27
    p-cymene 1.17
    epichlorohydrin 23.43
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 2.4
    2-aminoethanol 76.51
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 139.1
    sulfolane 73.92
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.37
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 10.67
    n-hexyl acetate 5.52
    isooctane 0.19
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 16.63
    sec-butyl acetate 3.1
    tert-butyl acetate 4.09
    decalin 0.32
    glycerin 110.0
    diglyme 32.7
    acrylic acid 85.91
    isopropyl myristate 2.09
    n-butyric acid 28.96
    acetyl acetate 9.91
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 5.18
    ethyl propionate 7.34
    nitromethane 166.79
    1,2-diethoxyethane 6.33
    benzonitrile 9.36
    trioctyl phosphate 3.35
    1-bromopropane 2.22
    gamma-valerolactone 64.43
    n-decanol 2.39
    triethyl phosphate 4.36
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 2.72
    propionitrile 16.42
    vinylene carbonate 30.68
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 50.96
    DMS 10.27
    cumene 0.89
    2-octanol 2.15
    2-hexanone 5.13
    octyl acetate 3.56
    limonene 1.67
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 44.21
    ethyl orthosilicate 3.63
    tributyl phosphate 4.01
    diacetone alcohol 11.04
    N,N-dimethylaniline 5.6
    acrylonitrile 35.07
    aniline 9.47
    1,3-propanediol 49.88
    bromobenzene 1.49
    dibromomethane 3.37
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 7.08
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 3.6
    tetrabutyl urea 7.41
    diisobutyl methanol 1.59
    2-phenylethanol 5.34
    styrene 1.34
    dioctyl adipate 4.95
    dimethyl sulfate 49.65
    ethyl butyrate 5.22
    methyl lactate 36.25
    butyl lactate 8.78
    diethyl carbonate 4.73
    propanediol butyl ether 18.68
    triethyl orthoformate 4.7
    p-tert-butyltoluene 1.1
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 9.08
    morpholine 36.95
    tert-butylamine 6.35
    n-dodecanol 1.87
    dimethoxymethane 54.39
    ethylene carbonate 21.91
    cyrene 19.95
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 8.04
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 3.26
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 3.81
    4-methylpyridine 18.16
    dibutyl ether 2.27
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 1.59
    DEF 36.81
    dimethyl isosorbide 16.51
    tetrachloroethylene 5.99
    eugenol 12.25
    triacetin 10.25
    span 80 13.06
    1,4-butanediol 25.68
    1,1-dichloroethane 3.68
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 5.3
    methyl formate 111.61
    2-methyl-1-butanol 8.69
    n-decane 0.32
    butyronitrile 11.5
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 2.72
    1-chlorooctane 0.93
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.52
    n-nonane 0.3
    undecane 0.26
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.31
    cyclooctane 0.25
    cyclopentanol 14.06
    tetrahydropyran 8.86
    tert-amyl methyl ether 4.75
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 24.73
    1-hexene 1.45
    2-isopropoxyethanol 15.57
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 75.45
    methyl butyrate 11.23

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction