Dronabinol

Overview IFRA Botanical Request a quote

  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    1972-08-3

    Molecular formula
    C21H30O2

    SMILES
    CCCCCC1=CC(=C2[C@@H]3C=C(CC[C@H]3C(OC2=C1)(C)C)C)O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Spicy 52.31%
    Woody 39.61%
    Phenolic 33.68%
    Animal 30.24%
    Sweet 29.46%
    Balsamic 29.16%
    Leathery 27.07%
    Dry 26.4%
    Fruity 25.32%
    Amber 25.15%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    7.0

    Molecular weight
    314.5 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 200 °C at 2.00E-02 mm Hg
    • 200 °C

    Boiling point

    • 392 °F at 0.02 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • BP: 200 °C at 0.02 mm Hg

    Flash point est.
    180.45 ˚C

    Solubility expt.

    • 2.8 mg/L at 73 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 2.8 mg/L (at 23 °C)
    • In water, 2.8 mg/L at 23 °C
    • Essentially insoluble in water
    • 1 part in 1 part of alcohol; 1 part in 1 part of acetone; 1 part in 3 parts of glycerol. In 0.15M sodium chloride, 0.77 mg/L at 23 °C. Soluble in fixed oils.
    • 2.63e-03 g/L

  • Synonyms

    • Dronabinol
    • TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL
    • Marinol
    • delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta9-THC
    • delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Deltanyne
    • Abbott 40566
    • delta-9-THC
    • 1972-08-3
    • delta(9)-THC
    • Dronabinolum
    • THC
    • delta1-THC
    • Namisol
    • delta(1)-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta(sup 1)-Thc
    • delta(sup 9)-Thc
    • QCD 84924
    • SP 104
    • delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • 1-trans-delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • 1-trans-delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • QCD-84924
    • Syndros
    • (-)-delta9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Dronabinolum [Latin]
    • 9-tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannibinol
    • delta1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta(sup 1)-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta(sup 9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • L-delta1-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • .DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Cannabinol, delta1-tetrahydro-
    • CCRIS 4726
    • CHEBI:66964
    • .DELTA.1-THC
    • .DELTA.9-THC
    • 3-Pentyl-6,6,9-trimethyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol
    • (l)-delta(sup 1)-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • NSC-134454
    • Tetrahydrocannabinols (-)-delta1-3,4-trans-form
    • ABBOTT-40566
    • DTXSID6021327
    • (-)-delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • 1-trans-delta(sup 9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • HSDB 6471
    • J882F
    • Cannabinol, 1-trans-delta(sup 9)-tetrahydro-
    • (6aR,10aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-1-ol
    • SP-104
    • 6465-30-1
    • CHEMBL465
    • 7J8897W37S
    • NSC 134454
    • (-)-delta(sup 1)-3,4-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (6aR,10aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydrobenzo[c]chromen-1-ol
    • .delta.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
    • 6H-Dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol, 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-, (6aR-trans)-
    • DTXCID101327
    • UNII-7J8897W37S
    • Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol
    • 6,6,9-Trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-1-ol
    • 6,6,9-Trimethyl-3-pentyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol
    • trans-6a,7,8,10a-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol
    • NSC134454
    • 6H-Dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol, 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-, (6aR,10aR)-
    • Dronabinolum (Latin)
    • delta(1)-THC
    • TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL, DELTA-9 TRANS
    • Tetrahydrocannabinols (-)-trans-.delta.9-form
    • DRONABINOL (MART.)
    • DRONABINOL [MART.]
    • (6aR,10aR)-6a,7,8,10a-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol
    • 6H-Dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol, 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-, trans-
    • 9-ene-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Dronabinol (USAN:USP:INN)
    • Dronabinol [USAN:USP:INN]
    • (-)-.DELTA.9-THC
    • Compassia
    • DRONABINOL (USP MONOGRAPH)
    • DRONABINOL [USP MONOGRAPH]
    • Relivar
    • (L)-.delta.1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (-)-.DELTA.1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (-)-.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • L-.delta.1-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • L-trans-.delta.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Delta 9-THC
    • (6aR,10aR)-6a,7,8,10a-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
    • (6aR-trans)-6a,7,8,10a-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol
    • 6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol, 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-, (6aR,10aR)-
    • (6AR,10AR)-6,6,9-TRIMETHYL-3-PENTYL-6A,7,8,10A-TETRAHYDRO-6H-DIBENZO(B,D)PYRAN-1-OL
    • (-)-.DELTA.9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (-)-trans-.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Marinol (TN)
    • DEA No. 7369
    • delta1-Tetrahydrocannabinol (VAN)
    • delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (VAN)
    • Dronabinol (USP/INN)
    • .DELTA.1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • 9 ene Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Tetrahydrocannabinol delta9
    • (-)-trans-Delta9-THC
    • Cannabinol, .DELTA.1-tetrahydro-
    • .DELTA.9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (l)-delta1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • L-.delta.1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (-)-delta1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • delta9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • trans-delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (6aR,10aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo(c)chromen-1-ol
    • (6aR-trans)-6a,7,8,10a-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
    • CAT-310
    • L-trans-delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • 6H-Dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol, 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-, (6aR-trans)-
    • DRG-0138
    • TCI
    • 14C-.DELTA.1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • trans-.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (-)-trans-Delta1-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • (-)-trans-delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    • .delta.-9-THC
    • 1-trans-delta(sup9)-tetrahydrocannabinol
    • Dronabinol (Synthetic)

  • Applications

    Dronabinol (CAS 1972-08-3) is a synthetic form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol that acts primarily at CB1 cannabinoid receptors and is used clinically to control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting refractory to standard antiemetics and to stimulate appetite and weight gain in patients with HIV/AIDS, and it is also leveraged in palliative care to address anorexia, nausea, pain, insomnia, and anxiety; additional off-label and research applications include refractory neuropathic and chronic pain, spasticity and pain related to multiple sclerosis, opioid-sparing strategies, refractory pruritus (for example cholestatic itch), short-term intraocular pressure reduction in glaucoma (not recommended for routine chronic use), tics in Tourette syndrome, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and obstructive sleep apnea; it is available as oral capsules and oral solution, with extended-release and transmucosal formulations under exploration to optimize response; key safety considerations include neuropsychiatric adverse effects (dizziness, sedation, euphoria or anxiety, cognitive impairment), dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, and fall risk, plus CYP2C9/CYP3A4 drug interactions and additive CNS depression with alcohol or sedatives, necessitating careful patient selection, individualized dosing, and close monitoring.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 420.39
    methanol 234.47
    isopropanol 322.02
    water 0.07
    ethyl acetate 530.64
    n-propanol 433.12
    acetone 602.82
    n-butanol 438.5
    acetonitrile 149.41
    DMF 635.9
    toluene 599.76
    isobutanol 319.22
    1,4-dioxane 1397.11
    methyl acetate 418.17
    THF 1856.75
    2-butanone 587.85
    n-pentanol 258.5
    sec-butanol 270.61
    n-hexane 28.82
    ethylene glycol 24.26
    NMP 665.5
    cyclohexane 137.58
    DMSO 409.65
    n-butyl acetate 573.04
    n-octanol 172.79
    chloroform 1520.31
    n-propyl acetate 332.02
    acetic acid 213.72
    dichloromethane 1296.7
    cyclohexanone 1097.09
    propylene glycol 67.98
    isopropyl acetate 393.1
    DMAc 603.46
    2-ethoxyethanol 302.01
    isopentanol 377.4
    n-heptane 29.67
    ethyl formate 252.58
    1,2-dichloroethane 847.61
    n-hexanol 393.9
    2-methoxyethanol 479.92
    isobutyl acetate 318.04
    tetrachloromethane 145.76
    n-pentyl acetate 424.61
    transcutol 1863.65
    n-heptanol 182.65
    ethylbenzene 192.64
    MIBK 337.98
    2-propoxyethanol 623.27
    tert-butanol 282.95
    MTBE 428.91
    2-butoxyethanol 352.83
    propionic acid 204.37
    o-xylene 227.06
    formic acid 35.94
    diethyl ether 595.53
    m-xylene 288.6
    p-xylene 264.91
    chlorobenzene 611.76
    dimethyl carbonate 190.94
    n-octane 13.89
    formamide 64.65
    cyclopentanone 991.24
    2-pentanone 529.99
    anisole 334.59
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 715.8
    gamma-butyrolactone 820.83
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 421.47
    pyridine 1004.79
    3-pentanone 399.04
    furfural 614.5
    n-dodecane 16.29
    diethylene glycol 298.57
    diisopropyl ether 163.08
    tert-amyl alcohol 208.78
    acetylacetone 515.22
    n-hexadecane 20.38
    acetophenone 306.72
    methyl propionate 420.3
    isopentyl acetate 550.69
    trichloroethylene 1491.97
    n-nonanol 172.68
    cyclohexanol 474.59
    benzyl alcohol 282.51
    2-ethylhexanol 247.4
    isooctanol 157.16
    dipropyl ether 296.74
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 439.52
    ethyl lactate 142.02
    propylene carbonate 478.21
    n-methylformamide 183.71
    2-pentanol 245.49
    n-pentane 36.8
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 454.85
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 563.08
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 368.8
    mesitylene 162.27
    ε-caprolactone 830.83
    p-cymene 135.18
    epichlorohydrin 1159.19
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 584.53
    2-aminoethanol 95.0
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 882.21
    sulfolane 684.78
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 25.03
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 1147.25
    n-hexyl acetate 559.86
    isooctane 20.89
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 562.24
    sec-butyl acetate 273.87
    tert-butyl acetate 378.01
    decalin 48.87
    glycerin 92.81
    diglyme 911.29
    acrylic acid 144.01
    isopropyl myristate 218.6
    n-butyric acid 429.75
    acetyl acetate 323.77
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 215.79
    ethyl propionate 252.34
    nitromethane 304.77
    1,2-diethoxyethane 726.01
    benzonitrile 383.58
    trioctyl phosphate 152.7
    1-bromopropane 513.96
    gamma-valerolactone 1355.96
    n-decanol 131.18
    triethyl phosphate 156.19
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 157.61
    propionitrile 219.34
    vinylene carbonate 442.21
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 506.93
    DMS 409.41
    cumene 125.76
    2-octanol 127.03
    2-hexanone 335.95
    octyl acetate 277.72
    limonene 198.31
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 618.39
    ethyl orthosilicate 161.92
    tributyl phosphate 187.75
    diacetone alcohol 328.3
    N,N-dimethylaniline 200.68
    acrylonitrile 208.71
    aniline 471.87
    1,3-propanediol 241.65
    bromobenzene 710.05
    dibromomethane 835.19
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 1197.99
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 324.8
    tetrabutyl urea 230.89
    diisobutyl methanol 122.06
    2-phenylethanol 374.76
    styrene 257.42
    dioctyl adipate 303.76
    dimethyl sulfate 207.79
    ethyl butyrate 314.63
    methyl lactate 160.18
    butyl lactate 284.49
    diethyl carbonate 204.78
    propanediol butyl ether 323.11
    triethyl orthoformate 256.99
    p-tert-butyltoluene 131.98
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 290.65
    morpholine 1478.17
    tert-butylamine 180.02
    n-dodecanol 103.4
    dimethoxymethane 719.19
    ethylene carbonate 424.55
    cyrene 281.62
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 606.7
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 462.41
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 534.25
    4-methylpyridine 918.27
    dibutyl ether 270.5
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 122.06
    DEF 513.08
    dimethyl isosorbide 592.83
    tetrachloroethylene 656.02
    eugenol 288.37
    triacetin 432.85
    span 80 356.07
    1,4-butanediol 80.0
    1,1-dichloroethane 681.18
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 273.61
    methyl formate 152.6
    2-methyl-1-butanol 344.93
    n-decane 27.4
    butyronitrile 320.46
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 199.87
    1-chlorooctane 149.58
    1-chlorotetradecane 66.29
    n-nonane 22.45
    undecane 20.58
    tert-butylcyclohexane 37.58
    cyclooctane 37.82
    cyclopentanol 377.75
    tetrahydropyran 1524.15
    tert-amyl methyl ether 275.23
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 602.77
    1-hexene 140.33
    2-isopropoxyethanol 269.36
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 54.93
    methyl butyrate 323.18

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Cannabis (Hemp) oil Cannabis sativa L., fam. Cannabinaceae 0.01%