D-Glucosamine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    3416-24-8

    Molecular formula
    C6H13NO5

    SMILES
    C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)N)O)O)O

    Safety labels

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 74.87%
    Sweet 41.57%
    Caramellic 19.97%
    Alcoholic 19.04%
    Woody 18.66%
    Fishy 17.38%
    Bitter 17.11%
    Cooling 15.82%
    Savory 15.6%
    Smoky 15.56%

     

    Flavor
    Sweet 77.64%
    Odorless 59.34%
    Bitter 45.16%
    Sweet-like 30.79%
    Cauliflower 22.69%
    Very slight 22.66%
    Alkaline 20.94%
    Soup 20.8%
    Mentholic 20.75%
    Fenugreek 20.18%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -2.8

    pKa est.
    4.87 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    179.17 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    705°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 88 °C

    Flash point

    • 202.65 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 330 mg/mL

  • Synonyms

    • D-glucosamine
    • chitosamine
    • 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose
    • (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4,5-triol
    • Glucosamina
    • Mediflex
    • GlcN
    • 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose
    • 2-Deoxy-2-amino-D-glucose
    • D-GlcN
    • CHEBI:47977
    • 2-deoxy-2-amino-d-glucopyranose
    • 2-deoxy-2-amino-glucose
    • 2-amino-2-deoxy-glucopyranose
    • 2-Deoxy-2-Amino-Glucopyranose
    • 2-amino-2-deoxy-glucopyranoside
    • 2-Deoxy-2-Amino-Glucopyranoside
    • 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranoside
    • 2-Deoxy-2-Amino-D-Glucopyranoside
    • 2-Amino-2-deoxy-glucose
    • Glucosaminum
    • D-Glucose, 2-amino-2-deoxy-
    • N08U5BOQ1K
    • Dona S
    • SNFG:GlcN
    • Sulfate, Glucosamine
    • GlcN (SNFG)
    • RefChem:7390
    • 2 Amino 2 Deoxyglucose
    • GlyTouCan:G80384UV
    • CHEBI:5417
    • CHEBI:17315
    • M01AX05
    • DTXCID401746823
    • G80384UV
    • (3S,4S,5R,6S)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4,5-triol
    • 222-311-2
    • (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4,5-triol
    • 3416-24-8
    • DTXSID4023098
    • Glucosamine
    • 90-77-7
    • (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triol
    • Glucosamine free base
    • D-Glucosamine;Chitosamine
    • 2-amino-2-deoxyglucose
    • 3416-24-8 (free base)
    • 2-Aminoglucose
    • Glucosaminum [INN-Latin]
    • Glucosamina [INN-Spanish]
    • EN300-57128
    • GlcNH2
    • MFCD09025572
    • 2-Deoxy-2-aminoglucose
    • Glucosamine (USAN/INN)
    • Glucosamine [USAN:INN]
    • bmse000247
    • Epitope ID:151531
    • SCHEMBL167831
    • 2-Amino-2-deoxyhexopyranose #
    • CHEMBL493287
    • SCHEMBL3712419
    • SCHEMBL20511985
    • MSK3257
    • BDBM626186
    • 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose-
    • (3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2,4,5-triol
    • BBL009288
    • EBC-26138
    • STK801823
    • AKOS005622471
    • (+)-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose
    • DB01296
    • DB-017621
    • DB-181941
    • C00329
    • D04334
    • F88954
    • F868123
    • Q327506
    • (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanal--(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triol (1/1)
    • 3416-24-8

  • Applications

    D-Glucosamine (CAS 3416-24-8) is an amino sugar that serves as a versatile building block in several industrial contexts. In pharmaceutical and biotech workflows, it is used as an intermediate and starting material for the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans and chitosan derivatives, as well as other bioactive molecules. In cosmetics and personal care, it functions as a humectant and conditioning ingredient to support moisturization and skin feel. It is widely marketed as a dietary supplement ingredient (nutraceuticals), and may be evaluated for use in agricultural formulations as a plant biostimulant or defense elicitor. In industrial manufacturing, it serves as a chemical intermediate for specialty polymers and glycosylated products. Subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.26
    methanol 1.43
    isopropanol 0.13
    water 313.1
    ethyl acetate 0.14
    n-propanol 0.12
    acetone 0.15
    n-butanol 0.13
    acetonitrile 0.15
    DMF 12.57
    toluene 0.06
    isobutanol 0.09
    1,4-dioxane 1.06
    methyl acetate 0.06
    THF 0.44
    2-butanone 0.1
    n-pentanol 0.1
    sec-butanol 0.12
    n-hexane 0.03
    ethylene glycol 12.7
    NMP 19.3
    cyclohexane 0.15
    DMSO 96.87
    n-butyl acetate 0.1
    n-octanol 0.15
    chloroform 0.05
    n-propyl acetate 0.05
    acetic acid 1.29
    dichloromethane 0.09
    cyclohexanone 0.65
    propylene glycol 2.64
    isopropyl acetate 0.1
    DMAc 8.63
    2-ethoxyethanol 1.79
    isopentanol 0.12
    n-heptane 0.16
    ethyl formate 0.13
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.11
    n-hexanol 0.21
    2-methoxyethanol 5.24
    isobutyl acetate 0.03
    tetrachloromethane 0.07
    n-pentyl acetate 0.09
    transcutol 1.82
    n-heptanol 0.28
    ethylbenzene 0.05
    MIBK 0.11
    2-propoxyethanol 1.51
    tert-butanol 0.17
    MTBE 0.05
    2-butoxyethanol 1.04
    propionic acid 0.33
    o-xylene 0.15
    formic acid 65.78
    diethyl ether 0.1
    m-xylene 0.1
    p-xylene 0.06
    chlorobenzene 0.03
    dimethyl carbonate 0.4
    n-octane 0.06
    formamide 28.28
    cyclopentanone 0.56
    2-pentanone 0.15
    anisole 0.07
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 0.35
    gamma-butyrolactone 0.88
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 2.45
    pyridine 0.25
    3-pentanone 0.17
    furfural 2.03
    n-dodecane 0.02
    diethylene glycol 7.84
    diisopropyl ether 0.06
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.18
    acetylacetone 0.42
    n-hexadecane 0.03
    acetophenone 0.18
    methyl propionate 0.26
    isopentyl acetate 0.08
    trichloroethylene 0.12
    n-nonanol 0.15
    cyclohexanol 0.46
    benzyl alcohol 0.24
    2-ethylhexanol 0.16
    isooctanol 0.19
    dipropyl ether 0.22
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.06
    ethyl lactate 0.38
    propylene carbonate 0.34
    n-methylformamide 3.19
    2-pentanol 0.11
    n-pentane 0.04
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 0.91
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 0.41
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 0.87
    mesitylene 0.12
    ε-caprolactone 0.61
    p-cymene 0.12
    epichlorohydrin 0.35
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.03
    2-aminoethanol 3.81
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 13.37
    sulfolane 9.83
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.02
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 0.23
    n-hexyl acetate 0.1
    isooctane 0.01
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 1.26
    sec-butyl acetate 0.04
    tert-butyl acetate 0.12
    decalin 0.04
    glycerin 27.05
    diglyme 2.48
    acrylic acid 0.9
    isopropyl myristate 0.05
    n-butyric acid 0.34
    acetyl acetate 0.15
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 0.13
    ethyl propionate 0.09
    nitromethane 1.64
    1,2-diethoxyethane 0.2
    benzonitrile 0.11
    trioctyl phosphate 0.12
    1-bromopropane 0.04
    gamma-valerolactone 2.62
    n-decanol 0.12
    triethyl phosphate 0.2
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.1
    propionitrile 0.06
    vinylene carbonate 0.36
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 4.49
    DMS 0.17
    cumene 0.05
    2-octanol 0.14
    2-hexanone 0.07
    octyl acetate 0.08
    limonene 0.19
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 0.93
    ethyl orthosilicate 0.18
    tributyl phosphate 0.09
    diacetone alcohol 0.69
    N,N-dimethylaniline 0.19
    acrylonitrile 0.16
    aniline 0.16
    1,3-propanediol 2.39
    bromobenzene 0.03
    dibromomethane 0.06
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 0.18
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.12
    tetrabutyl urea 0.25
    diisobutyl methanol 0.15
    2-phenylethanol 0.28
    styrene 0.03
    dioctyl adipate 0.09
    dimethyl sulfate 2.48
    ethyl butyrate 0.13
    methyl lactate 1.74
    butyl lactate 0.29
    diethyl carbonate 0.08
    propanediol butyl ether 1.13
    triethyl orthoformate 0.2
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.12
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 0.45
    morpholine 1.27
    tert-butylamine 0.08
    n-dodecanol 0.1
    dimethoxymethane 1.51
    ethylene carbonate 0.26
    cyrene 3.25
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 0.17
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.08
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.07
    4-methylpyridine 0.17
    dibutyl ether 0.08
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 0.15
    DEF 1.32
    dimethyl isosorbide 1.65
    tetrachloroethylene 0.27
    eugenol 0.65
    triacetin 0.25
    span 80 0.92
    1,4-butanediol 1.28
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.03
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.09
    methyl formate 1.14
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.11
    n-decane 0.04
    butyronitrile 0.07
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 0.1
    1-chlorooctane 0.06
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.03
    n-nonane 0.05
    undecane 0.03
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.02
    cyclooctane 0.11
    cyclopentanol 0.43
    tetrahydropyran 0.24
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.11
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 2.39
    1-hexene 0.03
    2-isopropoxyethanol 0.68
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 3.95
    methyl butyrate 0.11

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction