Carnosine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    305-84-0

    Molecular formula
    C9H14N4O3

    SMILES
    C1=C(NC=N1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCN

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 75.53%
    Savory 41.52%
    Meaty 33.81%
    Cooked 23.62%
    Fishy 23.35%
    Cooling 23.13%
    Roasted 18.33%
    Milky 15.78%
    Popcorn 15.57%
    Cheesy 14.93%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 63.01%
    Bitter 62.64%
    Bland 33.25%
    Mild 29.17%
    Very mild 23.57%
    Sweet-like 22.91%
    Yeast 21.18%
    Nitrile 19.94%
    Faint 19.76%
    Bread crust 19.24%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -4.0

    pKa est.
    6.66 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    226.23 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Fast

    Boiling point est.
    271°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 300 undefined
    • 253 - 256 °C

    Flash point

    • 286.31 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 384 mg/mL

  • Synonyms

    • L-Carnosine
    • Carnosine
    • 305-84-0
    • beta-Alanyl-L-histidine
    • Ignotine
    • Karnozin
    • Karnozzn
    • L-Histidine, beta-alanyl-
    • beta-Alanylhistidine
    • N-2-M
    • (2S)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid
    • CHEBI:15727
    • Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine
    • L-Ignotine
    • .beta.-Alanyl-L-histidine
    • 8HO6PVN24W
    • Polaprezinc
    • NSC 524045
    • BRN 0087671
    • (3-aminopropanoyl)-L-histidine
    • CARNOSINE [MI]
    • EINECS 206-169-9
    • CARNOSINE [VANDF]
    • L-HISTIDINE, N-beta-ALANYL-
    • MFCD00005207
    • N-beta-alanyl-L-histidine
    • CARNOSINE [WHO-DD]
    • (2S)-2-(3-aminopropanoylamino)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid
    • DTXSID80879594
    • 4-25-00-04381 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • N(alpha)-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine
    • NSC-524045
    • (S)-2-(3-Aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid
    • L-Histidine, .beta.-alanyl-
    • Z 103
    • Z-103
    • B-Ala-his-oh
    • (2S)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid
    • L Carnosine
    • (2~{S})-2-(3-azanylpropanoylamino)-3-(1~{H}-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid
    • beta Alanylhistidine
    • UNII-8HO6PVN24W
    • L-Histidine, N-.beta.-alanyl-
    • DTXSID50861860
    • Sevitin
    • LCarnosine
    • betaAla-His
    • b-Alanylhistidine
    • (2S)-2-((3-Amino-1-Oxopropyl)Amino)-3-(3H-Imidazol-4-Yl)Propanoic Acid
    • (2s)-2-[(3-amino-1-oxopropyl)amino]-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid
    • beta-Ala-His-OH
    • betaAlanylLhistidine
    • b-Alanyl-L-histidine
    • LHistidine, betaalanyl
    • beta-alanyl-l-histidin
    • .beta.-Alanylhistidine
    • LHistidine, Nbetaalanyl
    • Spectrum_001178
    • L-Carnosine (Standard)
    • N-b-alanyl-L-Histidine
    • SpecPlus_000374
    • CARNOSINE [INCI]
    • Spectrum2_000454
    • Spectrum3_001212
    • Spectrum4_001673
    • Spectrum5_000605
    • 3-aminopropionyl-histidine
    • bmse000246
    • bmse001002
    • C00386
    • N-(b-Alanyl)-L-histidine
    • SCHEMBL33769
    • BSPBio_002624
    • KBioGR_002225
    • KBioSS_001658
    • DivK1c_006470
    • SPECTRUM1500944
    • N-(3-Aminopropanoyl)histidine
    • SPBio_000528
    • CHEMBL242948
    • GTPL4559
    • SCHEMBL25425775
    • KBio1_001414
    • KBio2_001658
    • KBio2_004226
    • KBio2_006794
    • KBio3_002124
    • DTXCID90204277
    • L-Carnosine, ~99%, crystalline
    • DTXCID301017603
    • N-(3-aminopropanoyl)-L-histidine
    • (2S)-2-(3-aminopropanoylamino)-3-imidazol-4-ylpropanoic acid
    • HY-W013494R
    • TNP00340
    • BDBM50485554
    • CCG-38696
    • STL466172
    • ?-Ala-His-OH;?-Alanyl-L-histidine
    • AKOS010421481
    • AKOS015963345
    • CS-W014210
    • DB11695
    • FC04033
    • HY-W013494
    • SDCCGMLS-0066726.P001
    • NCGC00017390-01
    • NCGC00017390-02
    • NCGC00142487-01
    • AC-17084
    • AC-19690
    • AC-31940
    • AS-12570
    • A0222
    • L-Carnosine, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
    • S5226
    • EN300-302338
    • H11980
    • Q413822
    • SR-05000002473
    • SR-05000002473-1
    • (2S)-2-(3-azaniumylpropanoylamino)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoate
    • 1370422-07-3
    • 206-169-9
    • 8V0

  • Applications

    Carnosine, CAS 305-84-0, is a dipeptide (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) used primarily as an antioxidant and metal chelator in cosmetic and personal care formulations, helping to protect skin from oxidative stress and inhibit glycation-related damage in formulations. It is also marketed as a nutraceutical dietary supplement, valued for potential benefits in aging-related contexts. In research and certain industrial contexts, carnosine is explored as a stabilizer or additive in formulation systems and as a candidate for preservation or anti-glycation roles, with specific applications depending on regulatory approvals and formulation requirements.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.56
    methanol 3.29
    isopropanol 0.32
    water 157.81
    ethyl acetate 0.14
    n-propanol 0.52
    acetone 0.27
    n-butanol 0.37
    acetonitrile 0.28
    DMF 123.97
    toluene 0.07
    isobutanol 0.38
    1,4-dioxane 0.77
    methyl acetate 0.21
    THF 1.33
    2-butanone 0.37
    n-pentanol 0.31
    sec-butanol 0.42
    n-hexane 0.07
    ethylene glycol 11.12
    NMP 102.47
    cyclohexane 0.05
    DMSO 70.72
    n-butyl acetate 0.24
    n-octanol 0.07
    chloroform 0.11
    n-propyl acetate 0.18
    acetic acid 14.66
    dichloromethane 0.18
    cyclohexanone 1.62
    propylene glycol 8.31
    isopropyl acetate 0.12
    DMAc 79.7
    2-ethoxyethanol 4.59
    isopentanol 0.38
    n-heptane 0.05
    ethyl formate 1.09
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.16
    n-hexanol 0.33
    2-methoxyethanol 12.6
    isobutyl acetate 0.11
    tetrachloromethane 0.1
    n-pentyl acetate 0.1
    transcutol 2.62
    n-heptanol 0.18
    ethylbenzene 0.09
    MIBK 0.23
    2-propoxyethanol 2.92
    tert-butanol 0.54
    MTBE 0.13
    2-butoxyethanol 1.28
    propionic acid 2.49
    o-xylene 0.15
    formic acid 152.2
    diethyl ether 0.12
    m-xylene 0.09
    p-xylene 0.17
    chlorobenzene 0.06
    dimethyl carbonate 1.01
    n-octane 0.02
    formamide 92.41
    cyclopentanone 2.67
    2-pentanone 0.26
    anisole 0.18
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 0.56
    gamma-butyrolactone 5.34
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 4.48
    pyridine 0.91
    3-pentanone 0.38
    furfural 12.84
    n-dodecane 0.01
    diethylene glycol 11.27
    diisopropyl ether 0.05
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.62
    acetylacetone 0.58
    n-hexadecane 0.01
    acetophenone 0.53
    methyl propionate 0.48
    isopentyl acetate 0.29
    trichloroethylene 0.32
    n-nonanol 0.08
    cyclohexanol 0.7
    benzyl alcohol 0.66
    2-ethylhexanol 0.21
    isooctanol 0.15
    dipropyl ether 0.23
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.1
    ethyl lactate 1.21
    propylene carbonate 2.58
    n-methylformamide 26.14
    2-pentanol 0.22
    n-pentane 0.03
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 1.38
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 0.8
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 2.02
    mesitylene 0.08
    ε-caprolactone 2.03
    p-cymene 0.11
    epichlorohydrin 1.35
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.08
    2-aminoethanol 9.82
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 35.7
    sulfolane 28.02
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.02
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 0.55
    n-hexyl acetate 0.1
    isooctane 0.01
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 1.86
    sec-butyl acetate 0.12
    tert-butyl acetate 0.2
    decalin 0.03
    glycerin 47.65
    diglyme 3.75
    acrylic acid 6.92
    isopropyl myristate 0.06
    n-butyric acid 1.73
    acetyl acetate 0.19
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 0.32
    ethyl propionate 0.24
    nitromethane 11.13
    1,2-diethoxyethane 0.2
    benzonitrile 0.39
    trioctyl phosphate 0.18
    1-bromopropane 0.08
    gamma-valerolactone 12.5
    n-decanol 0.07
    triethyl phosphate 0.59
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.17
    propionitrile 0.31
    vinylene carbonate 2.62
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 13.43
    DMS 0.34
    cumene 0.09
    2-octanol 0.08
    2-hexanone 0.25
    octyl acetate 0.08
    limonene 0.13
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 4.32
    ethyl orthosilicate 0.5
    tributyl phosphate 0.25
    diacetone alcohol 1.47
    N,N-dimethylaniline 0.44
    acrylonitrile 0.82
    aniline 0.36
    1,3-propanediol 5.29
    bromobenzene 0.04
    dibromomethane 0.09
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 0.37
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.39
    tetrabutyl urea 0.55
    diisobutyl methanol 0.15
    2-phenylethanol 0.44
    styrene 0.08
    dioctyl adipate 0.17
    dimethyl sulfate 6.69
    ethyl butyrate 0.33
    methyl lactate 4.39
    butyl lactate 0.71
    diethyl carbonate 0.32
    propanediol butyl ether 1.9
    triethyl orthoformate 0.51
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.09
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 0.83
    morpholine 1.98
    tert-butylamine 0.19
    n-dodecanol 0.06
    dimethoxymethane 3.22
    ethylene carbonate 1.5
    cyrene 7.86
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 0.21
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.23
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.16
    4-methylpyridine 0.69
    dibutyl ether 0.06
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 0.15
    DEF 3.22
    dimethyl isosorbide 3.84
    tetrachloroethylene 0.36
    eugenol 1.53
    triacetin 0.45
    span 80 1.31
    1,4-butanediol 3.13
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.06
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.35
    methyl formate 10.64
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.5
    n-decane 0.01
    butyronitrile 0.24
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 0.09
    1-chlorooctane 0.02
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.01
    n-nonane 0.01
    undecane 0.01
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.02
    cyclooctane 0.02
    cyclopentanol 1.21
    tetrahydropyran 0.37
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.21
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 3.38
    1-hexene 0.13
    2-isopropoxyethanol 1.41
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 12.7
    methyl butyrate 0.54

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction