Betonicine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    515-25-3

    Molecular formula
    C7H13NO3

    SMILES
    C[N+]1(C[C@@H](C[C@H]1C(=O)[O-])O)C

    Safety labels

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 57.03%
    Sweet 33.98%
    Mint 23.81%
    Cooling 23.16%
    Creamy 16.39%
    Nutty 16.19%
    Woody 16.11%
    Bitter 16.04%
    Milky 15.96%
    Dry 15.1%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 46.85%
    Odorless 37.48%
    Bland 22.08%
    Sweet-like 21.66%
    Mild 21.62%
    Cedarleaf 19.78%
    Leaves 19.5%
    Extremely sweet 19.16%
    Cotton candy 19.12%
    Fenugreek 19.03%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.1

    pKa est.
    3.82 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    159.18 g/mol

    Melting point expt.

    • 252 °C

    Flash point

    • -162.89 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • Betonicine
    • 515-25-3
    • (-)-Betonicine
    • (2S,4R)-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylate
    • trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline betaine
    • (2S-trans)-2-Carboxylato-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium
    • UNII-FBA654632Q
    • FBA654632Q
    • BETONICINE [MI]
    • 4-Hydroxyproline betaine
    • EINECS 208-195-6
    • NSC 655264
    • trans-hydroxyproline betaine
    • CHEBI:85533
    • 4-Hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate
    • NSC-655264
    • (2,4R)-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate
    • 4-HYDROXYPROLINE BETAINE, TRANS-
    • Pyrrolidinium, 2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, (2S-trans)-
    • 2-CARBOXY-4-HYDROXY-1,1-DIMETHYLPYRROLIDINIUM HYDROXIDE, INNER SALT, L-TRANS-
    • PYRROLIDINIUM, 2-CARBOXY-4-HYDROXY-1,1-DIMETHYL-, INNER SALT, (2S,4R)-
    • PYRROLIDINIUM, 2-CARBOXY-4-HYDROXY-1,1-DIMETHYL-, INNER SALT, (2S-TRANS)-
    • RefChem:119560
    • 4-Hydroxy-L-prolinebetaine
    • trans-4-Hydroxyproline betaine
    • (2R)-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylic acid
    • (2R,4S)-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylate
    • Achillein
    • Achilleine
    • 4-hydroxy-stachydrine
    • Betonicin
    • MFCD00063554
    • (2s,4r)-4-Hydroxy-1,1-Dimethylpyrrolidinium-2-Carboxylate
    • SCHEMBL893616
    • Betonicin;(2S-trans)-; Achillein;(2S-trans)-; Achillein;Betonicine
    • orb1705874
    • DTXSID30965830
    • MUNWAHDYFVYIKH-RITPCOANSA-N
    • AKOS040744484
    • Betonicine; L-4-Hydroxyproline betaine
    • FB34887
    • FS-6831
    • HY-12547
    • CS-0012003
    • NS00043615
    • C08269
    • E77629
    • Q63390490
    • (2S,4R)-2-Carboxy-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium inner salt
    • (2S,4R)-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-pyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylate
    • (2S,4R)-4-hydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-pyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylic acid
    • (2S,4R)-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-1,1,-dimethylpyrrolidinium inner salt; Achillein
    • 515-25-3

  • Applications

    Betonicine (CAS 515-25-3) is a volatile aroma-related compound typically used as a fragrance ingredient, contributing scent in perfumery and fragrance research, and may serve as an aroma component in cosmetics and personal care formulations. It is sometimes viewed as a precursor or intermediate for the synthesis of related aroma compounds. In household products such as cleaners and air fresheners, it can be employed to impart or reinforce odor characteristics. It may also be incorporated into coatings, inks, and polymer formulations where fragrance contribution is desired. Use is subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 53.61
    methanol 243.89
    isopropanol 6.14
    water 1203.18
    ethyl acetate 3.22
    n-propanol 15.26
    acetone 1.49
    n-butanol 6.01
    acetonitrile 3.11
    DMF 14.98
    toluene 0.41
    isobutanol 3.76
    1,4-dioxane 9.82
    methyl acetate 3.27
    THF 7.6
    2-butanone 1.15
    n-pentanol 1.33
    sec-butanol 4.12
    n-hexane 0.1
    ethylene glycol 350.86
    NMP 60.18
    cyclohexane 0.24
    DMSO 28.66
    n-butyl acetate 2.33
    n-octanol 2.91
    chloroform 9.79
    n-propyl acetate 1.02
    acetic acid 333.69
    dichloromethane 10.9
    cyclohexanone 4.77
    propylene glycol 99.17
    isopropyl acetate 1.39
    DMAc 16.99
    2-ethoxyethanol 21.77
    isopentanol 1.88
    n-heptane 0.24
    ethyl formate 9.48
    1,2-dichloroethane 3.79
    n-hexanol 5.26
    2-methoxyethanol 131.08
    isobutyl acetate 0.57
    tetrachloromethane 3.21
    n-pentyl acetate 1.89
    transcutol 44.27
    n-heptanol 4.82
    ethylbenzene 0.38
    MIBK 0.81
    2-propoxyethanol 33.4
    tert-butanol 3.49
    MTBE 0.39
    2-butoxyethanol 19.58
    propionic acid 48.29
    o-xylene 0.88
    formic acid 1939.81
    diethyl ether 0.87
    m-xylene 0.82
    p-xylene 0.53
    chlorobenzene 1.39
    dimethyl carbonate 3.63
    n-octane 0.14
    formamide 834.28
    cyclopentanone 5.66
    2-pentanone 0.96
    anisole 1.21
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 1.98
    gamma-butyrolactone 27.61
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 29.23
    pyridine 5.36
    3-pentanone 0.92
    furfural 48.68
    n-dodecane 0.1
    diethylene glycol 107.13
    diisopropyl ether 0.26
    tert-amyl alcohol 2.99
    acetylacetone 3.17
    n-hexadecane 0.11
    acetophenone 2.66
    methyl propionate 3.95
    isopentyl acetate 1.96
    trichloroethylene 10.29
    n-nonanol 2.7
    cyclohexanol 4.51
    benzyl alcohol 3.97
    2-ethylhexanol 2.24
    isooctanol 2.73
    dipropyl ether 1.0
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 2.78
    ethyl lactate 6.26
    propylene carbonate 15.18
    n-methylformamide 67.11
    2-pentanol 1.6
    n-pentane 0.14
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 13.14
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 6.13
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 14.98
    mesitylene 0.7
    ε-caprolactone 12.14
    p-cymene 1.18
    epichlorohydrin 13.07
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 1.93
    2-aminoethanol 246.66
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 55.95
    sulfolane 40.67
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.11
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 3.43
    n-hexyl acetate 2.83
    isooctane 0.08
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 20.57
    sec-butyl acetate 0.6
    tert-butyl acetate 1.45
    decalin 0.14
    glycerin 277.03
    diglyme 26.4
    acrylic acid 94.6
    isopropyl myristate 1.03
    n-butyric acid 24.27
    acetyl acetate 4.11
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 4.24
    ethyl propionate 1.38
    nitromethane 89.41
    1,2-diethoxyethane 1.91
    benzonitrile 2.52
    trioctyl phosphate 2.85
    1-bromopropane 0.95
    gamma-valerolactone 29.7
    n-decanol 1.84
    triethyl phosphate 2.75
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 1.05
    propionitrile 1.87
    vinylene carbonate 20.23
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 89.75
    DMS 4.89
    cumene 0.49
    2-octanol 1.74
    2-hexanone 0.49
    octyl acetate 1.8
    limonene 1.27
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 7.36
    ethyl orthosilicate 2.28
    tributyl phosphate 2.85
    diacetone alcohol 6.28
    N,N-dimethylaniline 1.45
    acrylonitrile 5.52
    aniline 3.18
    1,3-propanediol 121.65
    bromobenzene 0.99
    dibromomethane 4.58
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 8.1
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 2.95
    tetrabutyl urea 3.93
    diisobutyl methanol 1.32
    2-phenylethanol 6.99
    styrene 0.32
    dioctyl adipate 2.34
    dimethyl sulfate 11.2
    ethyl butyrate 1.97
    methyl lactate 18.41
    butyl lactate 6.59
    diethyl carbonate 1.89
    propanediol butyl ether 20.3
    triethyl orthoformate 2.07
    p-tert-butyltoluene 1.14
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 7.96
    morpholine 16.94
    tert-butylamine 1.32
    n-dodecanol 1.26
    dimethoxymethane 8.36
    ethylene carbonate 10.96
    cyrene 22.12
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 4.33
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 1.6
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 4.06
    4-methylpyridine 2.18
    dibutyl ether 0.57
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 1.32
    DEF 3.89
    dimethyl isosorbide 21.95
    tetrachloroethylene 12.56
    eugenol 13.34
    triacetin 6.11
    span 80 14.93
    1,4-butanediol 20.39
    1,1-dichloroethane 1.6
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.9
    methyl formate 39.74
    2-methyl-1-butanol 2.6
    n-decane 0.16
    butyronitrile 1.28
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 2.04
    1-chlorooctane 0.64
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.28
    n-nonane 0.14
    undecane 0.12
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.12
    cyclooctane 0.14
    cyclopentanol 7.3
    tetrahydropyran 2.11
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.68
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 21.63
    1-hexene 0.22
    2-isopropoxyethanol 6.22
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 206.28
    methyl butyrate 1.78

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction