Benzyl Chloride

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    100-44-7

    Molecular formula
    C7H7Cl

    SMILES
    C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCl

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Acute Toxic
    Acute Toxic

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Floral 71.27%
    Sweet 57.19%
    Rose 52.77%
    Green 48.71%
    Balsamic 41.24%
    Herbal 35.62%
    Hyacinth 35.37%
    Earthy 33.41%
    Honey 32.59%
    Fruity 31.44%

     

    Flavor
    Sulfurous 37.52%
    Meaty 35.08%
    Phenolic 31.36%
    Floral 31.17%
    Fishy 30.52%
    Metallic 27.09%
    Garlic 26.5%
    Sweet 25.99%
    Mild 25.1%
    Horseradish 24.7%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Medium

    Odor threshold

    • Odor Threshold Low: 0.04 [mmHg]. Odor Threshold High: 0.04 [mmHg]. Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 0.041 ppm)
    • Low: 0.235 mg/cu m, High: 1.55 mg/cu m, Irritation Level: 41 mg/cu m /from table/
    • Odor recognition in air= 4.7x10-2 ppm /chemically pure/
    • Human volunteers exposed to benzyl chloride vapor for a single breath reported that the odor was perceptible at 8 ppm (42 mg/cu m), very unpleasant at 17 ppm (88 mg/cu m), painfully strong at 37 ppm (190 mg/cu m), and intolerable at 79 ppm (410 mg/cu m)

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    2.3

    pKa est.
    6.36 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    126.58 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Fast

    Melting point expt.

    • -54 to -45 °F (EPA, 1998)
    • -39.4 °C
    • MP: -48 to -43 °C. Specific gravity: 1.100 at 20 °C/20 °C. Rapidly decomposes when heated in the presence of iron
    • ~-43 °C
    • -38 °F

    Boiling point

    • 354 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)
    • 174 °C
    • BP: 99 °C at 62 mm Hg
    • 179 °C
    • 354 °F

    Flash point

    • 62.28 ˚C est.
    • 153 °F (EPA, 1998)
    • 153 °F
    • 153 °F (67 °C) (closed cup)
    • 74 °C (open cup)
    • 67 °C c.c.

    Solubility expt.

    • Reaction (NTP, 1992)
    • In water, 525 mg/L at 25 °C
    • Miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether, chloroform; slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride
    • Miscible in most organic solvents
    • Soluble in ethanol(>10%), ethyl ether(>10%), and chloroform(>10%)
    • Solubility in water, g/100ml:
    • 0.05%

  • Synonyms

    • BENZYL CHLORIDE
    • (Chloromethyl)benzene
    • 100-44-7
    • Chloromethylbenzene
    • Benzylchloride
    • alpha-Chlorotoluene
    • Benzylchlorid
    • Tolyl chloride
    • Chlorophenylmethane
    • Chlorure de benzyle
    • alpha-Chlortoluol
    • a-Chlorotoluene
    • Benzene, (chloromethyl)-
    • omega-Chlorotoluene
    • RCRA waste number P028
    • Toluene, alpha-chloro-
    • NCI-C06360
    • Benzile (cloruro di)
    • Benzyle (chlorure de)
    • CCRIS 79
    • Phenylmethyl chloride
    • 1-chloromethylbenzene
    • NSC 8043
    • HSDB 368
    • EINECS 202-853-6
    • chloromethyl-benzene
    • .alpha.-Chlortoluol
    • UNII-83H19HW7K6
    • .alpha.-Chlorotoluene
    • .omega.-Chlorotoluene
    • DTXSID0020153
    • AI3-15518
    • CHEBI:615597
    • 83H19HW7K6
    • 1-(chloromethyl)benzene
    • 33712-34-4
    • NSC-8043
    • Toluene, .alpha.-chloro-
    • DTXCID00153
    • EC 202-853-6
    • BENZYL CHLORIDE (II)
    • BENZYL CHLORIDE [II]
    • Benzylchlorid [German]
    • benzyl-chloride
    • alpha-Chlortoluol [German]
    • Chlorure de benzyle [French]
    • Benzile (cloruro di) [Italian]
    • Benzyle (chlorure de) [French]
    • (Chloromethyl)-benzene
    • UN1738
    • RCRA waste no. P028
    • Benzylchloride; Chloromethylbenzene; alpha-Chlorotoluene
    • benzyi chloride
    • benzyl choride
    • BnCl
    • alpha-chloro-toluene
    • alpha-Tolyl chloride
    • Benzile(cloruro di)
    • PhCH2Cl
    • MFCD00000889
    • Benzyle(chlorure de)
    • C6H5CH2Cl
    • Benzyl-?,?-d2 chloride
    • TOLUENE,ALPHA-CHLORO
    • SCHEMBL7413
    • WLN: G1R
    • BENZYL CHLORIDE [MI]
    • Benzyl chloride, unstabilized
    • BENZYL CHLORIDE [HSDB]
    • Benzene, (chloromethyl)- (VA
    • CHEMBL498878
    • NCI-CO6360
    • BENZENE,(CHLOROMETHYL)-
    • Benzyl chloride, AR, >=99%
    • BENZYL CHLORIDE [USP-RS]
    • NSC8043
    • IBA71234
    • TCA66111
    • Tox21_200266
    • AKOS000118784
    • UN 1738
    • Benzyl chloride [UN1738] [Poison]
    • NCGC00090818-01
    • NCGC00090818-02
    • NCGC00257820-01
    • CAS-100-44-7
    • Benzyl chloride, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
    • DB-058434
    • B0412
    • Benzyl chloride, puriss., >=99.5% (GC)
    • NS00010722
    • C19167
    • Q412260
    • BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE IMPURITY C [EP IMPURITY]
    • Benzyl chloride, unstabilized [UN1738] [Poison, Corrosive]
    • InChI=1/C7H7Cl/c8-6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H
    • Benzyl chloride, ReagentPlus(R), 99%, contains <=1% propylene oxide as stabilizer
    • 202-853-6
    • 9CL

  • Applications

    Benzyl Chloride (CAS 100-44-7) is a reactive alkyl halide widely used as a chemical intermediate in synthesis. In practice, it is employed to benzylate substrates to form benzyl ethers or benzylamines, providing protecting groups for alcohol and amine functionalities in pharmaceutical and fine chemical manufacturing. It also serves as a precursor to benzyl alcohol and various benzyl esters used as fragrance and cosmetic ingredients; and as a feedstock for the synthesis of quaternary ammonium compounds, including benzalkonium-type surfactants used in cleaners and disinfectants. Additionally, it is used to prepare benzyl derivatives for pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications, and can be used to introduce benzyl groups into polymers or coatings formulations.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 169.2
    methanol 118.54
    isopropanol 122.28
    water 0.38
    ethyl acetate 429.86
    n-propanol 172.48
    acetone 427.04
    n-butanol 173.06
    acetonitrile 317.65
    DMF 397.66
    toluene 450.11
    isobutanol 122.58
    1,4-dioxane 878.7
    methyl acetate 386.57
    THF 712.11
    2-butanone 422.95
    n-pentanol 150.05
    sec-butanol 139.58
    n-hexane 85.38
    ethylene glycol 33.6
    NMP 376.25
    cyclohexane 128.99
    DMSO 388.54
    n-butyl acetate 510.65
    n-octanol 112.97
    chloroform 1132.53
    n-propyl acetate 372.89
    acetic acid 237.4
    dichloromethane 1033.46
    cyclohexanone 618.05
    propylene glycol 38.77
    isopropyl acetate 229.19
    DMAc 294.34
    2-ethoxyethanol 215.35
    isopentanol 152.48
    n-heptane 123.21
    ethyl formate 226.56
    1,2-dichloroethane 783.44
    n-hexanol 241.65
    2-methoxyethanol 258.74
    isobutyl acetate 236.78
    tetrachloromethane 249.59
    n-pentyl acetate 219.95
    transcutol 1401.34
    n-heptanol 115.0
    ethylbenzene 207.21
    MIBK 221.92
    2-propoxyethanol 325.45
    tert-butanol 174.81
    MTBE 262.09
    2-butoxyethanol 206.03
    propionic acid 195.46
    o-xylene 213.94
    formic acid 50.39
    diethyl ether 470.06
    m-xylene 223.39
    p-xylene 231.02
    chlorobenzene 435.14
    dimethyl carbonate 138.38
    n-octane 36.99
    formamide 92.44
    cyclopentanone 596.87
    2-pentanone 350.64
    anisole 373.33
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 401.94
    gamma-butyrolactone 579.7
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 202.27
    pyridine 882.91
    3-pentanone 300.16
    furfural 589.66
    n-dodecane 23.52
    diethylene glycol 177.4
    diisopropyl ether 142.29
    tert-amyl alcohol 159.01
    acetylacetone 380.76
    n-hexadecane 27.44
    acetophenone 295.43
    methyl propionate 292.21
    isopentyl acetate 353.85
    trichloroethylene 1332.23
    n-nonanol 108.04
    cyclohexanol 206.54
    benzyl alcohol 197.62
    2-ethylhexanol 201.83
    isooctanol 105.08
    dipropyl ether 429.28
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 361.54
    ethyl lactate 104.88
    propylene carbonate 339.98
    n-methylformamide 168.11
    2-pentanol 132.9
    n-pentane 62.9
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 288.03
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 344.71
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 234.88
    mesitylene 136.66
    ε-caprolactone 483.69
    p-cymene 140.8
    epichlorohydrin 767.21
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 695.27
    2-aminoethanol 65.96
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 547.16
    sulfolane 553.16
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 33.26
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 541.9
    n-hexyl acetate 255.6
    isooctane 30.53
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 341.94
    sec-butyl acetate 227.36
    tert-butyl acetate 250.7
    decalin 66.73
    glycerin 66.91
    diglyme 746.68
    acrylic acid 174.4
    isopropyl myristate 123.78
    n-butyric acid 276.18
    acetyl acetate 266.93
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 95.37
    ethyl propionate 261.43
    nitromethane 408.79
    1,2-diethoxyethane 639.96
    benzonitrile 321.84
    trioctyl phosphate 69.65
    1-bromopropane 448.78
    gamma-valerolactone 722.84
    n-decanol 83.63
    triethyl phosphate 125.3
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 94.7
    propionitrile 267.52
    vinylene carbonate 355.13
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 415.9
    DMS 228.8
    cumene 127.81
    2-octanol 81.64
    2-hexanone 340.54
    octyl acetate 142.23
    limonene 205.79
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 547.03
    ethyl orthosilicate 130.69
    tributyl phosphate 89.69
    diacetone alcohol 234.56
    N,N-dimethylaniline 221.33
    acrylonitrile 303.64
    aniline 281.85
    1,3-propanediol 117.34
    bromobenzene 521.08
    dibromomethane 704.88
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 884.1
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 230.81
    tetrabutyl urea 124.58
    diisobutyl methanol 127.85
    2-phenylethanol 234.38
    styrene 299.59
    dioctyl adipate 168.74
    dimethyl sulfate 198.38
    ethyl butyrate 366.69
    methyl lactate 98.64
    butyl lactate 135.27
    diethyl carbonate 214.44
    propanediol butyl ether 155.96
    triethyl orthoformate 232.02
    p-tert-butyltoluene 130.91
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 219.88
    morpholine 764.47
    tert-butylamine 137.43
    n-dodecanol 70.11
    dimethoxymethane 323.0
    ethylene carbonate 295.12
    cyrene 186.42
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 332.82
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 321.02
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 394.19
    4-methylpyridine 637.7
    dibutyl ether 275.66
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 127.85
    DEF 358.79
    dimethyl isosorbide 407.98
    tetrachloroethylene 681.01
    eugenol 212.44
    triacetin 261.87
    span 80 200.86
    1,4-butanediol 51.33
    1,1-dichloroethane 619.21
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 150.72
    methyl formate 157.25
    2-methyl-1-butanol 141.57
    n-decane 40.95
    butyronitrile 285.76
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 139.72
    1-chlorooctane 136.21
    1-chlorotetradecane 56.84
    n-nonane 43.51
    undecane 29.55
    tert-butylcyclohexane 60.49
    cyclooctane 54.0
    cyclopentanol 171.96
    tetrahydropyran 768.25
    tert-amyl methyl ether 211.29
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 475.57
    1-hexene 238.14
    2-isopropoxyethanol 187.2
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 86.68
    methyl butyrate 343.41

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction