4-Hydroxyisovaleric acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    77220-86-1

    Molecular formula
    C5H10O3

    SMILES
    CC(CC(=O)O)CO

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Cheesy 52.73%
    Fruity 49.96%
    Sour 38.02%
    Odorless 37.69%
    Buttery 35.02%
    Dairy 29.9%
    Milky 29.39%
    Sweaty 26.39%
    Creamy 23.9%
    Savory 23.72%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 61.58%
    Sour 43.82%
    Acidic 38.54%
    Cheese 30.43%
    Pungent 28.84%
    Sweat 28.12%
    Rancid 27.9%
    Cheesy 23.5%
    Sharp 23.17%
    Soy 22.73%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -0.2

    pKa est.
    7.29 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    118.13 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    262°C

    Flash point

    • 134.13 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • 4-Hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • 77220-86-1
    • 4-Hydroxyisopentanoic acid
    • Butanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-
    • RefChem:524040
    • 4-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid
    • 4-Hydroxyisovalerate
    • 4-Hydroxyisopentanoate
    • Butanoic acid,4-hydroxy-3-methyl-
    • 4-hydroxy-isovaleric acid
    • 3-methyl-4-hydroxy-butanoic acid
    • SCHEMBL43435
    • SCHEMBL96227
    • (RS)-4-hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • 4-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoicacid
    • CHEMBL353863
    • SCHEMBL8912460
    • SCHEMBL10406061
    • SCHEMBL11033953
    • SCHEMBL21828408
    • CHEBI:90005
    • DTXSID60868426
    • ZGYGEPZZMAXSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    • LMFA01050399
    • AKOS006373039
    • PD182198
    • NS00127191
    • EN300-187788
    • Q27162231
    • 4-Hydroxyisovaleric acid sodium salt hydrate, analytical standard
    • 77220-86-1

  • Applications

    4-Hydroxyisovaleric acid (CAS 77220-86-1) is primarily used as an intermediate in organic synthesis and as a feedstock to prepare esters, lactones, and related derivatives. It can serve as a precursor for fragrance materials and other aroma compounds in the fragrance industry, and when converted to ester or polymerizable derivatives, it may find applications in polymer and materials science such as polyesters or polyhydroxy acid–based formulations. In cosmetics and personal care, it is sometimes evaluated as a source material for derivative synthesis to produce specialty ingredients intended for specific applications. In pharmaceuticals and agriculture, it is occasionally employed as a chiral building block or precursor for complex multi-step syntheses. Use is subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 53.81
    methanol 114.55
    isopropanol 29.62
    water 556.11
    ethyl acetate 11.61
    n-propanol 35.37
    acetone 22.58
    n-butanol 22.11
    acetonitrile 9.1
    DMF 129.53
    toluene 1.78
    isobutanol 23.39
    1,4-dioxane 41.69
    methyl acetate 10.42
    THF 87.4
    2-butanone 11.03
    n-pentanol 17.61
    sec-butanol 23.15
    n-hexane 1.41
    ethylene glycol 289.09
    NMP 189.32
    cyclohexane 0.86
    DMSO 181.22
    n-butyl acetate 11.92
    n-octanol 18.18
    chloroform 5.71
    n-propyl acetate 8.68
    acetic acid 178.51
    dichloromethane 5.69
    cyclohexanone 33.05
    propylene glycol 169.04
    isopropyl acetate 9.87
    DMAc 104.8
    2-ethoxyethanol 95.98
    isopentanol 22.75
    n-heptane 1.9
    ethyl formate 20.97
    1,2-dichloroethane 5.37
    n-hexanol 40.12
    2-methoxyethanol 169.09
    isobutyl acetate 5.9
    tetrachloromethane 4.04
    n-pentyl acetate 9.52
    transcutol 93.58
    n-heptanol 26.12
    ethylbenzene 2.83
    MIBK 16.6
    2-propoxyethanol 114.89
    tert-butanol 68.88
    MTBE 10.45
    2-butoxyethanol 57.98
    propionic acid 76.89
    o-xylene 4.49
    formic acid 393.32
    diethyl ether 4.92
    m-xylene 5.26
    p-xylene 3.37
    chlorobenzene 2.97
    dimethyl carbonate 10.65
    n-octane 0.89
    formamide 190.68
    cyclopentanone 57.49
    2-pentanone 14.0
    anisole 11.89
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 24.43
    gamma-butyrolactone 89.75
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 99.18
    pyridine 9.46
    3-pentanone 7.97
    furfural 86.19
    n-dodecane 0.87
    diethylene glycol 187.2
    diisopropyl ether 3.75
    tert-amyl alcohol 53.28
    acetylacetone 32.57
    n-hexadecane 0.91
    acetophenone 17.51
    methyl propionate 13.71
    isopentyl acetate 13.13
    trichloroethylene 10.92
    n-nonanol 16.29
    cyclohexanol 26.71
    benzyl alcohol 21.2
    2-ethylhexanol 20.66
    isooctanol 20.76
    dipropyl ether 8.67
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 5.72
    ethyl lactate 24.85
    propylene carbonate 39.99
    n-methylformamide 89.1
    2-pentanol 15.24
    n-pentane 0.81
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 60.02
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 25.24
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 59.97
    mesitylene 5.42
    ε-caprolactone 39.91
    p-cymene 5.28
    epichlorohydrin 39.94
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 5.17
    2-aminoethanol 231.89
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 149.85
    sulfolane 164.72
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1.32
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 35.03
    n-hexyl acetate 16.07
    isooctane 1.46
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 71.77
    sec-butyl acetate 6.75
    tert-butyl acetate 18.74
    decalin 1.45
    glycerin 334.28
    diglyme 91.25
    acrylic acid 99.46
    isopropyl myristate 8.14
    n-butyric acid 49.94
    acetyl acetate 11.0
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 17.94
    ethyl propionate 9.63
    nitromethane 101.07
    1,2-diethoxyethane 11.01
    benzonitrile 9.78
    trioctyl phosphate 15.33
    1-bromopropane 1.89
    gamma-valerolactone 104.43
    n-decanol 12.47
    triethyl phosphate 11.68
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 16.23
    propionitrile 6.28
    vinylene carbonate 30.94
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 105.22
    DMS 13.05
    cumene 4.35
    2-octanol 12.88
    2-hexanone 9.76
    octyl acetate 12.15
    limonene 7.22
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 69.36
    ethyl orthosilicate 10.34
    tributyl phosphate 13.18
    diacetone alcohol 70.56
    N,N-dimethylaniline 14.77
    acrylonitrile 13.34
    aniline 8.25
    1,3-propanediol 149.87
    bromobenzene 2.07
    dibromomethane 3.42
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 12.82
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 17.81
    tetrabutyl urea 21.17
    diisobutyl methanol 13.22
    2-phenylethanol 27.74
    styrene 2.31
    dioctyl adipate 14.66
    dimethyl sulfate 36.56
    ethyl butyrate 11.24
    methyl lactate 45.71
    butyl lactate 22.27
    diethyl carbonate 7.4
    propanediol butyl ether 64.45
    triethyl orthoformate 9.93
    p-tert-butyltoluene 5.71
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 37.44
    morpholine 53.91
    tert-butylamine 22.56
    n-dodecanol 9.59
    dimethoxymethane 41.45
    ethylene carbonate 22.99
    cyrene 82.92
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 13.64
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 9.2
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 7.26
    4-methylpyridine 9.33
    dibutyl ether 5.2
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 13.22
    DEF 28.59
    dimethyl isosorbide 88.98
    tetrachloroethylene 14.1
    eugenol 50.28
    triacetin 22.84
    span 80 58.38
    1,4-butanediol 83.22
    1,1-dichloroethane 3.03
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 21.47
    methyl formate 68.05
    2-methyl-1-butanol 22.23
    n-decane 1.17
    butyronitrile 6.41
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 18.14
    1-chlorooctane 4.14
    1-chlorotetradecane 2.14
    n-nonane 1.07
    undecane 0.97
    tert-butylcyclohexane 1.83
    cyclooctane 0.77
    cyclopentanol 57.92
    tetrahydropyran 12.71
    tert-amyl methyl ether 12.15
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 88.44
    1-hexene 2.59
    2-isopropoxyethanol 53.87
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 108.41
    methyl butyrate 14.86

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction