2-Hydroxypropanedial

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    497-15-4

    Molecular formula
    C3H4O3

    SMILES
    C(=O)C(C=O)O

    Safety labels

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Caramellic 47.31%
    Odorless 45.86%
    Pungent 37.41%
    Sharp 33.99%
    Burnt 32.7%
    Green 30.67%
    Sour 27.74%
    Buttery 26.27%
    Fatty 23.84%
    Ethereal 23.23%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 43.21%
    Sour 31.07%
    Caramellic 25.46%
    Pungent 24.91%
    Acidic 22.91%
    Very mild 22.12%
    Formyl 21.98%
    Soy 20.52%
    Acetoin 20.15%
    Sweet 19.9%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Medium

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.2

    pKa est.
    5.97 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    88.06 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Very slow

    Boiling point est.
    281°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 143 °C

    Flash point

    • 102.55 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • 2-hydroxypropanedial
    • 497-15-4
    • Reductone
    • Triose reductone
    • Tartronic aldehyde
    • 2-Hydroxymalonaldehyde
    • 5R0YG3SBR7
    • 2-hydroxy-1,3-propanedial
    • RefChem:909948
    • Hydroxypropanedial
    • Tartronaldehyde
    • Glucic acid
    • Tartronal
    • Glucose-reductone
    • Glucosereductone
    • Propanedial, hydroxy-
    • Propanedial, 2-hydroxy-
    • propanolonal
    • Hydroxy-Propanedial
    • BRN 1740168
    • UNII-5R0YG3SBR7
    • 4-01-00-04145 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • SCHEMBL313772
    • SCHEMBL557723
    • Propanedial, hydroxy- (9CI)
    • SCHEMBL3188225
    • SCHEMBL6572606
    • SCHEMBL21357884
    • DTXSID60902415
    • CHEBI:173321
    • GLUCOSE-REDUCTONE TARTRONAL
    • AKOS006277080
    • FH24484
    • DB-297653
    • Q5572308
    • 497-15-4

  • Applications

    2-Hydroxypropanedial (CAS 497-15-4) is primarily used as an intermediate in organic synthesis for polymers and specialty chemicals; it serves as a building block for resins and plastics by introducing aldehyde and hydroxyl functionalities. It is commonly employed as a crosslinking agent in coatings, inks, and adhesives to form network structures. It can serve as a precursor for reactive resins and functional polymer materials, and is used as a laboratory reagent/intermediate in organic synthesis for R&D applications. Its use is subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 147.67
    methanol 420.56
    isopropanol 65.25
    water 1058.65
    ethyl acetate 13.22
    n-propanol 79.0
    acetone 71.9
    n-butanol 44.36
    acetonitrile 65.57
    DMF 690.4
    toluene 1.87
    isobutanol 37.69
    1,4-dioxane 41.24
    methyl acetate 31.12
    THF 40.4
    2-butanone 36.3
    n-pentanol 24.19
    sec-butanol 42.15
    n-hexane 1.11
    ethylene glycol 293.44
    NMP 361.64
    cyclohexane 3.15
    DMSO 734.03
    n-butyl acetate 8.75
    n-octanol 8.69
    chloroform 6.86
    n-propyl acetate 11.04
    acetic acid 250.43
    dichloromethane 15.08
    cyclohexanone 35.28
    propylene glycol 129.29
    isopropyl acetate 6.6
    DMAc 417.78
    2-ethoxyethanol 109.55
    isopentanol 24.33
    n-heptane 2.66
    ethyl formate 38.4
    1,2-dichloroethane 15.49
    n-hexanol 12.98
    2-methoxyethanol 254.18
    isobutyl acetate 4.47
    tetrachloromethane 2.39
    n-pentyl acetate 5.54
    transcutol 114.64
    n-heptanol 7.79
    ethylbenzene 1.86
    MIBK 8.85
    2-propoxyethanol 44.71
    tert-butanol 51.53
    MTBE 12.53
    2-butoxyethanol 26.11
    propionic acid 99.14
    o-xylene 4.12
    formic acid 661.63
    diethyl ether 12.14
    m-xylene 2.11
    p-xylene 2.47
    chlorobenzene 2.57
    dimethyl carbonate 23.97
    n-octane 0.98
    formamide 728.01
    cyclopentanone 47.47
    2-pentanone 17.64
    anisole 8.04
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 14.22
    gamma-butyrolactone 71.72
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 104.12
    pyridine 27.47
    3-pentanone 16.81
    furfural 82.55
    n-dodecane 0.82
    diethylene glycol 105.14
    diisopropyl ether 3.12
    tert-amyl alcohol 39.75
    acetylacetone 21.08
    n-hexadecane 0.82
    acetophenone 14.43
    methyl propionate 27.48
    isopentyl acetate 6.33
    trichloroethylene 17.39
    n-nonanol 7.37
    cyclohexanol 29.86
    benzyl alcohol 17.56
    2-ethylhexanol 7.34
    isooctanol 6.33
    dipropyl ether 9.66
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 3.72
    ethyl lactate 20.2
    propylene carbonate 25.97
    n-methylformamide 395.85
    2-pentanol 18.89
    n-pentane 2.18
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 28.73
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 12.76
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 32.15
    mesitylene 2.11
    ε-caprolactone 34.37
    p-cymene 3.16
    epichlorohydrin 39.88
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 4.02
    2-aminoethanol 239.71
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 213.03
    sulfolane 146.94
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1.26
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 23.48
    n-hexyl acetate 7.5
    isooctane 0.72
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 37.5
    sec-butyl acetate 4.77
    tert-butyl acetate 7.12
    decalin 1.2
    glycerin 226.29
    diglyme 76.57
    acrylic acid 140.56
    isopropyl myristate 3.57
    n-butyric acid 50.08
    acetyl acetate 9.37
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 6.63
    ethyl propionate 9.86
    nitromethane 293.21
    1,2-diethoxyethane 14.06
    benzonitrile 11.45
    trioctyl phosphate 5.38
    1-bromopropane 5.39
    gamma-valerolactone 89.8
    n-decanol 5.8
    triethyl phosphate 8.17
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 8.01
    propionitrile 31.74
    vinylene carbonate 30.73
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 79.83
    DMS 10.02
    cumene 2.07
    2-octanol 4.72
    2-hexanone 10.99
    octyl acetate 5.37
    limonene 5.47
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 88.27
    ethyl orthosilicate 6.98
    tributyl phosphate 6.2
    diacetone alcohol 27.71
    N,N-dimethylaniline 13.15
    acrylonitrile 62.92
    aniline 12.1
    1,3-propanediol 174.63
    bromobenzene 1.45
    dibromomethane 7.93
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 14.67
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 7.8
    tetrabutyl urea 14.38
    diisobutyl methanol 6.07
    2-phenylethanol 10.55
    styrene 2.3
    dioctyl adipate 8.38
    dimethyl sulfate 59.31
    ethyl butyrate 10.28
    methyl lactate 50.48
    butyl lactate 12.42
    diethyl carbonate 7.91
    propanediol butyl ether 34.03
    triethyl orthoformate 8.98
    p-tert-butyltoluene 3.04
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 15.92
    morpholine 81.92
    tert-butylamine 22.87
    n-dodecanol 4.75
    dimethoxymethane 88.71
    ethylene carbonate 21.7
    cyrene 44.93
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 9.13
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 4.78
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 5.27
    4-methylpyridine 17.92
    dibutyl ether 5.68
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 6.07
    DEF 80.96
    dimethyl isosorbide 35.85
    tetrachloroethylene 13.48
    eugenol 19.57
    triacetin 15.06
    span 80 21.13
    1,4-butanediol 82.43
    1,1-dichloroethane 6.02
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 15.57
    methyl formate 180.15
    2-methyl-1-butanol 28.83
    n-decane 1.09
    butyronitrile 20.81
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 7.43
    1-chlorooctane 2.57
    1-chlorotetradecane 1.41
    n-nonane 1.1
    undecane 0.91
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.93
    cyclooctane 1.3
    cyclopentanol 38.19
    tetrahydropyran 19.77
    tert-amyl methyl ether 11.99
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 58.84
    1-hexene 2.74
    2-isopropoxyethanol 41.11
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 157.54
    methyl butyrate 17.76

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction