(+-)-2-Hydroxyisovaleric acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    4026-18-0

    Molecular formula
    C5H10O3

    SMILES
    CC(C)C(C(=O)O)O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Fruity 83.93%
    Buttery 50.03%
    Cheesy 41.34%
    Caramellic 40.6%
    Milky 33.03%
    Dairy 32.17%
    Sour 32.12%
    Creamy 31.91%
    Odorless 26.45%
    Sweet 23.75%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 55.57%
    Fruity 41.58%
    Sour 35.57%
    Acidic 28.49%
    Buttery 24.21%
    Cheese 23.41%
    Very mild 23.17%
    Roquefort cheese 20.94%
    Sweet-like 20.74%
    Creamy 20.39%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.5

    pKa est.
    6.51 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    118.13 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Slow

    Boiling point est.
    216°C

    Flash point

    • 104.55 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 350 mg/mL

  • Synonyms

    • 2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid
    • 2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid
    • 4026-18-0
    • 2-Hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • Butanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-
    • 3-Methyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid
    • 02X1W97FWN
    • NSC-227884
    • CHEBI:60645
    • DTXSID10863305
    • RefChem:473463
    • DTXCID20203834
    • (+-)-2-HYDROXYISOVALERIC ACID
    • 223-697-5
    • 600-37-3
    • alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • 2-Oxyisovaleric acid
    • DL-2-Hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • MFCD00004242
    • DL-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid
    • 2-Hydroxyisopentanoic acid
    • 2-Oxyisovalerate
    • D-Valic acid
    • L-Valic acid
    • 2-Hydroxyisovalerate
    • (+/-)-2-HYDROXYISOVALERIC ACID
    • A-hydroxyisovalerate
    • 2-Hydroxyisopentanoate
    • alpha-hydroxyisovalerate
    • DL-a-hydroxyisovalerate
    • DL-2-Hydroxyisovalerate
    • DL-alpha-hydroxyisovalerate
    • 3-Methyl-2-hydroxybutyrate
    • DL-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate
    • NSC 227884
    • UNII-02X1W97FWN
    • 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl butyric acid
    • 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-butanoic acid
    • EINECS 209-994-2
    • EINECS 223-697-5
    • (1)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid
    • NSC227884
    • (+/-)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid
    • A-hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • D-a-Hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • L-a-Hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • DL-a-hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • SCHEMBL43434
    • (RS)-2-hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • 2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoicacid
    • DL-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid
    • orb1301934
    • SCHEMBL4831104
    • CHEMBL1162479
    • SCHEMBL27323652
    • SCHEMBL28239302
    • NGEWQZIDQIYUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-
    • 2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid #
    • LMFA01050478
    • MSK158249
    • s6098
    • .ALPHA.-HYDROXYISOVALERIC ACID
    • AKOS000278106
    • AKOS016182980
    • 2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid, 99%
    • AB88448
    • CS-W008150
    • FH09748
    • HY-W008150
    • DL-.ALPHA.-HYDROXYISOVALERIC ACID
    • AS-12349
    • PD099517
    • SY107317
    • (+/-)-2-HYDROXYISOPENTANOIC ACID
    • Butanoic acid,2-hydroxy-3-methyl-,(2R)-
    • BUTYRIC ACID, 2-HYDROXY-3-METHYL-
    • DB-021168
    • DB-293121
    • NS00014672
    • ST50758692
    • (+/-)-.ALPHA.-HYDROXYISOVALERIC ACID
    • EN300-115018
    • F19720
    • 026H180
    • F336693
    • Q27104874
    • InChI=1/C5H10O3/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3-4,6H,1-2H3,(H,7,8)
    • 600-37-3

  • Applications

    (+-)-2-Hydroxyisovaleric acid (CAS 4026-18-0) is primarily employed as an industrial chemical intermediate and building block in organic synthesis. Its dual functional groups enable conversion to esters, lactones and various derivatives, supporting downstream production of specialty chemicals used in pharmaceuticals and other fine chemicals. The racemic material can serve as a chiral building block or starting material for asymmetric syntheses. In addition, it may find use in cosmetics and personal-care formulations as a hydrophilic constituent or precursor to functionalized derivatives, and in polymer and plastics applications as a functionalized monomer or crosslinking intermediate. It can also be evaluated for fragrance/flavor applications as a potential odor precurs or fragrance component, and may appear in cleaning or household-product formulations as an intermediate. Actual usage is subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 13.23
    methanol 60.9
    isopropanol 2.66
    water 91.18
    ethyl acetate 2.9
    n-propanol 4.6
    acetone 1.64
    n-butanol 4.3
    acetonitrile 1.4
    DMF 2.42
    toluene 0.25
    isobutanol 3.89
    1,4-dioxane 10.86
    methyl acetate 1.82
    THF 12.7
    2-butanone 1.51
    n-pentanol 3.2
    sec-butanol 3.53
    n-hexane 0.43
    ethylene glycol 76.96
    NMP 62.84
    cyclohexane 0.4
    DMSO 59.88
    n-butyl acetate 5.09
    n-octanol 8.17
    chloroform 1.1
    n-propyl acetate 2.03
    acetic acid 92.54
    dichloromethane 1.52
    cyclohexanone 7.12
    propylene glycol 32.56
    isopropyl acetate 2.64
    DMAc 10.27
    2-ethoxyethanol 26.58
    isopentanol 5.95
    n-heptane 0.89
    ethyl formate 3.54
    1,2-dichloroethane 1.41
    n-hexanol 11.6
    2-methoxyethanol 46.72
    isobutyl acetate 1.5
    tetrachloromethane 0.89
    n-pentyl acetate 5.12
    transcutol 85.53
    n-heptanol 10.14
    ethylbenzene 0.57
    MIBK 4.28
    2-propoxyethanol 36.85
    tert-butanol 9.86
    MTBE 2.18
    2-butoxyethanol 25.95
    propionic acid 20.12
    o-xylene 1.0
    formic acid 244.03
    diethyl ether 1.21
    m-xylene 0.88
    p-xylene 0.78
    chlorobenzene 0.76
    dimethyl carbonate 1.74
    n-octane 0.48
    formamide 109.55
    cyclopentanone 8.69
    2-pentanone 2.21
    anisole 1.96
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 4.7
    gamma-butyrolactone 25.32
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 20.9
    pyridine 1.77
    3-pentanone 1.46
    furfural 28.82
    n-dodecane 0.43
    diethylene glycol 82.06
    diisopropyl ether 1.27
    tert-amyl alcohol 12.55
    acetylacetone 7.31
    n-hexadecane 0.44
    acetophenone 4.4
    methyl propionate 2.56
    isopentyl acetate 6.67
    trichloroethylene 2.68
    n-nonanol 7.59
    cyclohexanol 6.43
    benzyl alcohol 4.47
    2-ethylhexanol 8.57
    isooctanol 9.15
    dipropyl ether 2.36
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 2.0
    ethyl lactate 6.89
    propylene carbonate 14.09
    n-methylformamide 7.85
    2-pentanol 3.09
    n-pentane 0.29
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 22.32
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 12.05
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 33.71
    mesitylene 1.32
    ε-caprolactone 13.66
    p-cymene 2.28
    epichlorohydrin 10.41
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.86
    2-aminoethanol 55.66
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 43.16
    sulfolane 87.1
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.72
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 7.85
    n-hexyl acetate 9.13
    isooctane 0.64
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 46.39
    sec-butyl acetate 1.89
    tert-butyl acetate 7.35
    decalin 0.65
    glycerin 99.09
    diglyme 51.8
    acrylic acid 31.25
    isopropyl myristate 4.33
    n-butyric acid 12.64
    acetyl acetate 3.81
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 9.92
    ethyl propionate 2.14
    nitromethane 26.71
    1,2-diethoxyethane 5.98
    benzonitrile 2.08
    trioctyl phosphate 8.53
    1-bromopropane 0.52
    gamma-valerolactone 28.41
    n-decanol 6.04
    triethyl phosphate 5.22
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 5.02
    propionitrile 0.84
    vinylene carbonate 9.12
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 36.69
    DMS 6.89
    cumene 1.19
    2-octanol 5.47
    2-hexanone 1.96
    octyl acetate 6.37
    limonene 3.47
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 12.05
    ethyl orthosilicate 4.78
    tributyl phosphate 7.74
    diacetone alcohol 26.19
    N,N-dimethylaniline 3.09
    acrylonitrile 1.48
    aniline 1.55
    1,3-propanediol 40.07
    bromobenzene 0.57
    dibromomethane 1.01
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 3.01
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 8.56
    tetrabutyl urea 10.54
    diisobutyl methanol 6.58
    2-phenylethanol 9.49
    styrene 0.41
    dioctyl adipate 8.18
    dimethyl sulfate 9.03
    ethyl butyrate 3.96
    methyl lactate 10.43
    butyl lactate 12.62
    diethyl carbonate 2.76
    propanediol butyl ether 34.22
    triethyl orthoformate 4.27
    p-tert-butyltoluene 2.63
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 18.31
    morpholine 10.36
    tert-butylamine 3.87
    n-dodecanol 4.65
    dimethoxymethane 4.38
    ethylene carbonate 6.17
    cyrene 37.77
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 9.6
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 4.93
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 3.06
    4-methylpyridine 1.2
    dibutyl ether 2.29
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 6.58
    DEF 3.97
    dimethyl isosorbide 54.51
    tetrachloroethylene 4.52
    eugenol 22.0
    triacetin 14.35
    span 80 35.59
    1,4-butanediol 19.31
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.4
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 5.53
    methyl formate 7.33
    2-methyl-1-butanol 5.55
    n-decane 0.57
    butyronitrile 0.95
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 8.44
    1-chlorooctane 1.92
    1-chlorotetradecane 1.04
    n-nonane 0.54
    undecane 0.49
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.74
    cyclooctane 0.36
    cyclopentanol 9.06
    tetrahydropyran 2.38
    tert-amyl methyl ether 3.61
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 50.93
    1-hexene 0.6
    2-isopropoxyethanol 15.02
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 41.78
    methyl butyrate 2.87

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction