2-Furoic acid

Overview IFRA Botanical Request a quote

  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    88-14-2

    Molecular formula
    C5H4O3

    SMILES
    C1=COC(=C1)C(=O)O

  • Odor profile

    Odorless 54.79%
    Caramellic 49.82%
    Burnt 44.38%
    Sour 42.35%
    Roasted 25.62%
    Nutty 25.16%
    Coffee 24.31%
    Milky 22.96%
    Sharp 22.69%
    Buttery 22.06%

    Scent© AI

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.5

    Molecular weight
    112.08 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 133.5 °C

    Boiling point

    • 230.00 to 232.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

    Flash point est.
    102.53 ˚C

    Solubility expt.

    • 37.1 mg/mL at 15 °C

  • Synonyms

    • 2-FUROIC ACID
    • Furan-2-carboxylic acid
    • 88-14-2
    • 2-Furancarboxylic acid
    • Pyromucic acid
    • 2-Carboxyfuran
    • FUROIC ACID
    • Furancarboxylic acid
    • alpha-Furoic acid
    • 2-furanoic acid
    • alpha-Furancarboxylic acid
    • 26447-28-9
    • Kyselina 2-furoova
    • Kyselina pyroslizova
    • .alpha.-Furoic acid
    • NSC 8842
    • .alpha.-Furancarboxylic acid
    • MFCD00003238
    • DTXSID6041420
    • CHEBI:30845
    • NSC-8842
    • P577F6494A
    • Kyselina 2-furoova [Czech]
    • Kyselina pyroslizova [Czech]
    • CCRIS 2157
    • NSC-58965
    • EINECS 201-803-0
    • EINECS 247-713-5
    • BRN 0110149
    • Pyromucate
    • Furoate
    • Furoica
    • furanoic acid
    • Furancarboxylate
    • alpha-Furoate
    • furic acid
    • beta-Furoate
    • 2-Furoic acid [per EINECS]
    • AI3-16500
    • a-Furoate
    • b-Furoate
    • a-Furoic acid
    • b-Furoic acid
    • acido 2-furoico
    • beta-Furoic acid
    • UNII-P577F6494A
    • 2-Furanoate
    • a-Furancarboxylate
    • acide 2-furoique
    • b-Furancarboxylate
    • Furancarbonylic acid
    • beta-Furancarboxylate
    • Furan-2-carbonsaeure
    • alpha-Furancarboxylate
    • a-Furancarboxylic acid
    • b-Furancarboxylic acid
    • Furan-2-carboxylicacid
    • 2-Furanecarboxylic acid
    • 2-Furoic acid 98%
    • 2-furan carboxylic acid
    • beta-Furancarboxylic acid
    • furane-2-carboxylic acid
    • 2-Furoic acid, 98%
    • Furancarboxylic acid-(2)
    • bmse000330
    • 2-Furoic acid (Standard)
    • SCHEMBL24446
    • 5-18-06-00102 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • 2-FUROIC ACID [MI]
    • CHEMBL1232797
    • DTXCID4021420
    • NSC8842
    • 2-Furoic acid, analytical standard
    • HY-W012946R
    • STR01019
    • WGC36563
    • Tox21_301128
    • BBL009679
    • s4864
    • STK256918
    • 2-FUROIC ACID [USP IMPURITY]
    • AKOS000119036
    • CCG-266054
    • CS-W013662
    • FF14744
    • HY-W012946
    • PS-3380
    • CAS-88-14-2
    • NCGC00248301-01
    • NCGC00255027-01
    • DA-63636
    • F0081
    • NS00014683
    • EN300-19302
    • C01546
    • AB00375923-02
    • AC-907/25014051
    • Q2210953
    • F9995-1642
    • Z104473462
    • InChI=1/C5H4O3/c6-5(7)4-2-1-3-8-4/h1-3H,(H,6,7

  • Applications

    2-Furoic acid (CAS 88-14-2) is a biomass‑derived platform building block obtained by oxidation of furfural; it is widely used as a synthesis intermediate in pharmaceuticals (providing furoate derivatives for corticosteroids, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑allergic agents; a handle for ring functionalization via halogenation, nitration, amidation), in agrochemicals and specialty chemicals; its furoate esters serve as fragrance ingredients and fixatives, specialized solvents and plasticizers; its salts and esters can contribute antimicrobial and antifungal preservation in technical formulations; additionally, 2-furoic acid is a precursor to furoyl chloride, amides, hydrazides and functional materials, and is leveraged in catalysis, green organic synthesis, and as an analytical standard owing to its stability, moderate acidity, and versatile reactivity at both the furan ring and carboxylic group.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 495.7
    methanol 1405.74
    isopropanol 305.11
    water 43.3
    ethyl acetate 206.07
    n-propanol 326.18
    acetone 449.3
    n-butanol 241.33
    acetonitrile 163.53
    DMF 1572.71
    toluene 13.37
    isobutanol 171.2
    1,4-dioxane 256.67
    methyl acetate 324.06
    THF 398.96
    2-butanone 263.36
    n-pentanol 174.58
    sec-butanol 206.67
    n-hexane 1.58
    ethylene glycol 326.8
    NMP 550.1
    cyclohexane 2.24
    DMSO 1655.36
    n-butyl acetate 64.6
    n-octanol 75.53
    chloroform 15.11
    n-propyl acetate 89.67
    acetic acid 237.67
    dichloromethane 40.76
    cyclohexanone 154.24
    propylene glycol 157.97
    isopropyl acetate 102.39
    DMAc 607.2
    2-ethoxyethanol 570.44
    isopentanol 176.74
    n-heptane 4.63
    ethyl formate 161.66
    1,2-dichloroethane 64.57
    n-hexanol 91.11
    2-methoxyethanol 948.12
    isobutyl acetate 30.09
    tetrachloromethane 3.16
    n-pentyl acetate 64.98
    transcutol 905.85
    n-heptanol 57.0
    ethylbenzene 8.37
    MIBK 157.15
    2-propoxyethanol 268.28
    tert-butanol 319.91
    MTBE 141.57
    2-butoxyethanol 149.33
    propionic acid 196.12
    o-xylene 15.39
    formic acid 577.48
    diethyl ether 165.17
    m-xylene 17.99
    p-xylene 9.13
    chlorobenzene 19.31
    dimethyl carbonate 125.86
    n-octane 2.87
    formamide 1028.8
    cyclopentanone 243.42
    2-pentanone 265.21
    anisole 62.6
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 135.68
    gamma-butyrolactone 329.86
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 552.48
    pyridine 107.03
    3-pentanone 126.74
    furfural 253.33
    n-dodecane 3.43
    diethylene glycol 333.94
    diisopropyl ether 34.73
    tert-amyl alcohol 202.12
    acetylacetone 218.56
    n-hexadecane 3.66
    acetophenone 72.55
    methyl propionate 244.31
    isopentyl acetate 51.26
    trichloroethylene 75.7
    n-nonanol 65.15
    cyclohexanol 89.12
    benzyl alcohol 87.13
    2-ethylhexanol 41.32
    isooctanol 44.33
    dipropyl ether 48.7
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 20.55
    ethyl lactate 74.57
    propylene carbonate 99.57
    n-methylformamide 883.33
    2-pentanol 163.74
    n-pentane 4.5
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 160.61
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 104.11
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 151.25
    mesitylene 13.47
    ε-caprolactone 152.13
    p-cymene 12.27
    epichlorohydrin 321.39
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 15.97
    2-aminoethanol 400.84
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 534.36
    sulfolane 393.96
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 3.58
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 235.07
    n-hexyl acetate 90.2
    isooctane 3.83
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 259.57
    sec-butyl acetate 45.67
    tert-butyl acetate 114.5
    decalin 2.08
    glycerin 280.77
    diglyme 395.39
    acrylic acid 194.83
    isopropyl myristate 36.63
    n-butyric acid 174.93
    acetyl acetate 58.35
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 36.23
    ethyl propionate 81.48
    nitromethane 642.59
    1,2-diethoxyethane 172.16
    benzonitrile 59.83
    trioctyl phosphate 30.08
    1-bromopropane 27.96
    gamma-valerolactone 375.9
    n-decanol 48.87
    triethyl phosphate 27.44
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 82.37
    propionitrile 119.04
    vinylene carbonate 89.88
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 169.04
    DMS 73.82
    cumene 8.21
    2-octanol 47.0
    2-hexanone 102.22
    octyl acetate 50.39
    limonene 20.23
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 446.89
    ethyl orthosilicate 26.31
    tributyl phosphate 34.25
    diacetone alcohol 230.8
    N,N-dimethylaniline 49.17
    acrylonitrile 190.93
    aniline 54.52
    1,3-propanediol 439.14
    bromobenzene 11.05
    dibromomethane 20.7
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 53.6
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 37.55
    tetrabutyl urea 57.2
    diisobutyl methanol 34.24
    2-phenylethanol 61.85
    styrene 11.39
    dioctyl adipate 53.93
    dimethyl sulfate 203.84
    ethyl butyrate 52.63
    methyl lactate 170.52
    butyl lactate 60.93
    diethyl carbonate 30.43
    propanediol butyl ether 163.11
    triethyl orthoformate 37.93
    p-tert-butyltoluene 12.33
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 81.67
    morpholine 386.42
    tert-butylamine 116.29
    n-dodecanol 35.8
    dimethoxymethane 658.22
    ethylene carbonate 71.98
    cyrene 130.51
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 124.47
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 33.49
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 27.9
    4-methylpyridine 109.93
    dibutyl ether 56.02
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 34.24
    DEF 347.91
    dimethyl isosorbide 192.34
    tetrachloroethylene 36.88
    eugenol 94.82
    triacetin 92.62
    span 80 104.28
    1,4-butanediol 223.4
    1,1-dichloroethane 31.98
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 103.37
    methyl formate 591.89
    2-methyl-1-butanol 144.97
    n-decane 5.29
    butyronitrile 106.81
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 59.92
    1-chlorooctane 21.6
    1-chlorotetradecane 9.67
    n-nonane 4.71
    undecane 4.19
    tert-butylcyclohexane 2.39
    cyclooctane 1.63
    cyclopentanol 129.22
    tetrahydropyran 137.74
    tert-amyl methyl ether 110.85
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 289.15
    1-hexene 9.65
    2-isopropoxyethanol 262.7
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 120.07
    methyl butyrate 110.95

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Orris butter 8002-73-1 Iris florentina L., fam. Iridaceae 0.01%
Chicory root, roasted 2 68650-43-1 Cichorium intybus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.1%