2-Chloropropionic acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    598-78-7

    Molecular formula
    C3H5ClO2

    SMILES
    CC(C(=O)O)Cl

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Cheesy 54.43%
    Odorless 51.17%
    Sour 46.88%
    Buttery 36.45%
    Milky 35.29%
    Dairy 33.87%
    Creamy 30.44%
    Fatty 25.67%
    Caramellic 25.58%
    Savory 24.44%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 64.24%
    Sour 27.86%
    Mild 26.71%
    Acidic 25.55%
    Bland 23.81%
    Yeast 22.31%
    Mousy 20.5%
    Very mild 20.43%
    Soy 20.3%
    Roquefort cheese 20.21%

     

    Odor impact est.
    High

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.8

    pKa est.
    6.18 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    108.52 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderately fast

    Melting point expt.

    • -12.1 °C
    • -12 °C

    Boiling point

    • 366 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)
    • 187 °C
    • 186 °C
    • 366 °F

    Flash point

    • 76.43 ˚C est.
    • 225 °F (USCG, 1999)
    • 225 °F (107 °C) (CLOSED CUP)
    • 106 °C c.c.
    • 225 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • SOL IN ALL PROP IN WATER, ALC, ETHER; SOL IN ACETONE
    • Solubility in water: miscible

  • Synonyms

    • 2-Chloropropionic acid
    • 2-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • 598-78-7
    • Propanoic acid, 2-chloro-
    • Propionic acid, 2-chloro-
    • (S)-(-)-2-Chloropropionic acid
    • alpha-Chloropropionic acid
    • R(+)-2-Chloropropionic acid
    • UNII-ADV1WUE1NB
    • HSDB 5713
    • NSC 173
    • EINECS 209-952-3
    • .alpha.-Chloropropionic acid
    • UN2511
    • BRN 1720259
    • (+/-)-2-Chloropropionic acid
    • DTXSID0021545
    • AI3-18182
    • Propionic acid, .alpha.-chloro-
    • NSC-173
    • 2-chloroproprionic acid
    • 2-Chloropropionate
    • ADV1WUE1NB
    • (+/-)-2-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • Propanoic acid, chloro-
    • DTXCID301545
    • .alpha.-Monochloropropionic acid
    • EC 209-952-3
    • 0-02-00-00248 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • Chloropropionic acid
    • (RS)-2-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • (RS)-2-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID
    • 28554-00-9
    • 2-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID [WHO-DD]
    • (+/-)-.ALPHA.-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • .ALPHA.-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID, (+/-)-
    • alpha-Monochloropropionic acid
    • Propionic acid, alpha-chloro-
    • (R)-(+)-2-ChloropropionicAcid
    • (+-)-2-Chloropropanoic acid
    • MFCD00064205
    • 2chloropropanoic acid
    • CH3CHClCOOH
    • 2-chloro-propionic acid
    • alphaChloropropionic acid
    • Propanoic acid, 2chloro
    • Propionic acid, 2chloro
    • WLN: QVYG1
    • alpha-chloro-propionic acid
    • Propionic acid, alphachloro
    • alphaMonochloropropionic acid
    • NCIOpen2_009382
    • SCHEMBL24339
    • S(-)-2-Chloropropionic acid
    • 2-Chloropropionic acid, 92%
    • NSC173
    • CHEMBL1743205
    • (S)-(-)-2-ChloropropionicAcid
    • DL-2-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID
    • (RS)-(+)-2-chloropropionic acid
    • BCP11281
    • STR00768
    • Tox21_200650
    • (+)-2-Chloropropionic acid, 94%
    • MFCD00004224
    • NSC401806
    • (+-)-2-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID
    • AKOS000121295
    • AKOS016843695
    • (RS)-ALPHA-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID
    • NSC-401806
    • (+-)-ALPHA-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • (.+-.)-2-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • (.+-.)-2-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID
    • NCGC00258204-01
    • (+/-)-ALPHA-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • 62138-52-7
    • CAS-598-78-7
    • SY018972
    • (.+-.)-ALPHA-CHLOROPROPANOIC ACID
    • DB-353182
    • ALPHA-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID, (+/-)-
    • NS00006498
    • EN300-22778
    • 2-Chloropropionic acid [UN2511] [Corrosive]
    • Q209361
    • (R)-2-chloropropanoic acid;D-2-Chloropropionic acid
    • F2190-0290
    • Z147646840
    • 209-952-3

  • Applications

    2-Chloropropionic acid (CAS 598-78-7) is a versatile starting material in organic synthesis, used as a building block for a range of complex, often chiral, compounds. Common applications include as an intermediate in pharmaceutical and fine chemical synthesis, as a precursor to α-substituted amino acids and peptidomimetics, and as a substrate for forming α-substituted esters and amides via SN2 reactions; it is also considered a precursor for specialty chemicals and, in some cases, agrochemical candidates. Its use is typically subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 49.05
    methanol 83.96
    isopropanol 25.58
    water 355.2
    ethyl acetate 4.37
    n-propanol 25.58
    acetone 19.05
    n-butanol 22.13
    acetonitrile 8.6
    DMF 112.54
    toluene 1.42
    isobutanol 19.73
    1,4-dioxane 18.45
    methyl acetate 7.78
    THF 23.69
    2-butanone 10.53
    n-pentanol 17.29
    sec-butanol 20.6
    n-hexane 1.86
    ethylene glycol 59.67
    NMP 106.54
    cyclohexane 1.58
    DMSO 93.07
    n-butyl acetate 3.97
    n-octanol 10.18
    chloroform 4.63
    n-propyl acetate 4.67
    acetic acid 73.23
    dichloromethane 6.06
    cyclohexanone 15.36
    propylene glycol 39.65
    isopropyl acetate 4.32
    DMAc 87.22
    2-ethoxyethanol 47.38
    isopentanol 21.91
    n-heptane 1.66
    ethyl formate 14.12
    1,2-dichloroethane 5.26
    n-hexanol 10.18
    2-methoxyethanol 73.4
    isobutyl acetate 3.26
    tetrachloromethane 2.63
    n-pentyl acetate 7.98
    transcutol 71.47
    n-heptanol 12.55
    ethylbenzene 1.98
    MIBK 8.12
    2-propoxyethanol 24.64
    tert-butanol 35.65
    MTBE 10.77
    2-butoxyethanol 30.65
    propionic acid 23.5
    o-xylene 3.3
    formic acid 149.61
    diethyl ether 5.54
    m-xylene 2.22
    p-xylene 3.16
    chlorobenzene 1.52
    dimethyl carbonate 6.02
    n-octane 1.05
    formamide 151.93
    cyclopentanone 21.27
    2-pentanone 8.21
    anisole 6.48
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 8.87
    gamma-butyrolactone 25.52
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 43.21
    pyridine 8.05
    3-pentanone 5.59
    furfural 36.73
    n-dodecane 0.75
    diethylene glycol 40.77
    diisopropyl ether 3.04
    tert-amyl alcohol 32.82
    acetylacetone 12.05
    n-hexadecane 0.77
    acetophenone 9.48
    methyl propionate 5.89
    isopentyl acetate 5.2
    trichloroethylene 7.31
    n-nonanol 9.25
    cyclohexanol 12.9
    benzyl alcohol 10.84
    2-ethylhexanol 6.67
    isooctanol 11.01
    dipropyl ether 4.14
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 2.61
    ethyl lactate 8.08
    propylene carbonate 14.82
    n-methylformamide 54.34
    2-pentanol 13.26
    n-pentane 1.79
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 15.89
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 7.64
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 31.54
    mesitylene 2.5
    ε-caprolactone 16.5
    p-cymene 2.65
    epichlorohydrin 17.78
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 3.22
    2-aminoethanol 67.81
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 73.62
    sulfolane 56.07
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1.87
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 15.0
    n-hexyl acetate 9.89
    isooctane 1.18
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 39.18
    sec-butyl acetate 3.38
    tert-butyl acetate 7.69
    decalin 1.27
    glycerin 73.33
    diglyme 61.8
    acrylic acid 30.03
    isopropyl myristate 4.24
    n-butyric acid 21.33
    acetyl acetate 4.52
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 9.55
    ethyl propionate 3.73
    nitromethane 58.27
    1,2-diethoxyethane 10.24
    benzonitrile 5.23
    trioctyl phosphate 6.74
    1-bromopropane 2.74
    gamma-valerolactone 42.12
    n-decanol 6.89
    triethyl phosphate 4.44
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 10.99
    propionitrile 4.97
    vinylene carbonate 12.89
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 33.24
    DMS 6.77
    cumene 2.8
    2-octanol 8.27
    2-hexanone 7.25
    octyl acetate 6.2
    limonene 3.63
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 45.69
    ethyl orthosilicate 4.63
    tributyl phosphate 6.62
    diacetone alcohol 25.76
    N,N-dimethylaniline 11.25
    acrylonitrile 7.56
    aniline 5.16
    1,3-propanediol 61.1
    bromobenzene 1.08
    dibromomethane 3.94
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 7.91
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 6.93
    tetrabutyl urea 11.36
    diisobutyl methanol 5.78
    2-phenylethanol 8.32
    styrene 1.88
    dioctyl adipate 8.2
    dimethyl sulfate 17.25
    ethyl butyrate 4.15
    methyl lactate 14.35
    butyl lactate 13.2
    diethyl carbonate 3.11
    propanediol butyl ether 37.07
    triethyl orthoformate 4.63
    p-tert-butyltoluene 2.91
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 19.4
    morpholine 26.82
    tert-butylamine 17.95
    n-dodecanol 5.17
    dimethoxymethane 26.08
    ethylene carbonate 9.07
    cyrene 35.66
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 11.78
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 3.78
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 3.57
    4-methylpyridine 7.78
    dibutyl ether 5.22
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 5.78
    DEF 21.67
    dimethyl isosorbide 33.77
    tetrachloroethylene 7.99
    eugenol 22.53
    triacetin 14.22
    span 80 25.25
    1,4-butanediol 32.17
    1,1-dichloroethane 3.02
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 18.44
    methyl formate 37.13
    2-methyl-1-butanol 20.56
    n-decane 1.15
    butyronitrile 6.6
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 9.2
    1-chlorooctane 2.77
    1-chlorotetradecane 1.45
    n-nonane 1.12
    undecane 0.89
    tert-butylcyclohexane 1.4
    cyclooctane 0.93
    cyclopentanol 19.78
    tetrahydropyran 8.12
    tert-amyl methyl ether 10.85
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 50.42
    1-hexene 3.36
    2-isopropoxyethanol 26.12
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 44.1
    methyl butyrate 7.64

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction