Disodium 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    868-18-8

    Molecular formula
    C4H4Na2O6

    SMILES
    C(C(C(=O)[O-])O)(C(=O)[O-])O.[Na+].[Na+]

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 69.83%
    Sweet 37.88%
    Caramellic 35.64%
    Buttery 26.2%
    Sour 19.94%
    Burnt 19.82%
    Sharp 18.46%
    Milky 17.89%
    Clean 17.21%
    Creamy 16.89%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 66.91%
    Very mild 36.75%
    Caramellic 23.59%
    Sweet-like 23.35%
    Bland 23.34%
    Mild 22.81%
    Sour 22.45%
    Yeast 20.69%
    Very slight 18.11%
    Acetoin 18.1%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    pKa est.
    0.06 (strong acid)

    Molecular weight
    194.05 g/mol

    Melting point expt.

    • 120 undefined

    Flash point

    • 169.79 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • Soluble in cold water

  • Synonyms

    • Sodium tartrate
    • 868-18-8
    • disodium 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate
    • disodium;2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate
    • Sodium (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinate(x:1)
    • 51307-92-7
    • 14475-11-7
    • sodium-tartrate
    • sodium tartarate
    • SCHEMBL24913
    • sodium 2,3-dihydroxysuccinate
    • dl-tartaric acid disodium salt
    • CHEMBL3917380
    • Sodium (DL)-(+/-)-tartrate
    • AKOS006220952
    • SB47841
    • AS-56692
    • DB-056954
    • NS00080122
    • NS00081703
    • Q283499

  • Applications

    Disodium 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate (CAS number: 868-18-8) is commonly used as a buffering and pH-adjusting salt and as a chelating agent across several applications. In food processing and beverages it serves as a stabilizer and sequestrant to help maintain texture and color and to bind trace metals. In cosmetics and personal care it acts as a stabilizer and chelating agent to improve formulation stability and control metal ion content. In household and cleaning products it functions as a chelating agent to enhance detergent performance and reduce metal-induced discoloration. In industrial manufacturing it can serve as an intermediate or processing aid in chemical syntheses and as a complexing agent in plating and metal finishing baths, helping to stabilize metal ions and control reaction conditions.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 326.05
    methanol 617.93
    isopropanol 147.64
    water 701.99
    ethyl acetate 13.6
    n-propanol 141.66
    acetone 93.42
    n-butanol 83.62
    acetonitrile 26.44
    DMF 838.26
    toluene 5.94
    isobutanol 57.32
    1,4-dioxane 108.8
    methyl acetate 26.87
    THF 102.77
    2-butanone 42.67
    n-pentanol 38.69
    sec-butanol 85.66
    n-hexane 4.85
    ethylene glycol 413.71
    NMP 285.6
    cyclohexane 15.26
    DMSO 1835.08
    n-butyl acetate 5.01
    n-octanol 18.4
    chloroform 4.21
    n-propyl acetate 6.04
    acetic acid 71.98
    dichloromethane 13.21
    cyclohexanone 30.32
    propylene glycol 171.73
    isopropyl acetate 7.3
    DMAc 458.27
    2-ethoxyethanol 207.87
    isopentanol 45.75
    n-heptane 8.71
    ethyl formate 23.24
    1,2-dichloroethane 23.58
    n-hexanol 21.27
    2-methoxyethanol 460.2
    isobutyl acetate 1.44
    tetrachloromethane 2.36
    n-pentyl acetate 5.69
    transcutol 115.78
    n-heptanol 17.51
    ethylbenzene 3.71
    MIBK 11.45
    2-propoxyethanol 58.72
    tert-butanol 129.51
    MTBE 35.19
    2-butoxyethanol 40.79
    propionic acid 46.29
    o-xylene 9.19
    formic acid 348.59
    diethyl ether 49.76
    m-xylene 5.04
    p-xylene 3.29
    chlorobenzene 1.52
    dimethyl carbonate 25.11
    n-octane 4.43
    formamide 567.0
    cyclopentanone 40.66
    2-pentanone 29.73
    anisole 11.3
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 34.11
    gamma-butyrolactone 43.17
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 191.71
    pyridine 27.38
    3-pentanone 24.52
    furfural 39.43
    n-dodecane 2.39
    diethylene glycol 118.97
    diisopropyl ether 9.68
    tert-amyl alcohol 85.54
    acetylacetone 23.07
    n-hexadecane 2.46
    acetophenone 9.5
    methyl propionate 28.45
    isopentyl acetate 3.26
    trichloroethylene 10.27
    n-nonanol 16.47
    cyclohexanol 46.56
    benzyl alcohol 17.87
    2-ethylhexanol 8.39
    isooctanol 10.38
    dipropyl ether 16.83
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 1.86
    ethyl lactate 12.85
    propylene carbonate 9.64
    n-methylformamide 307.87
    2-pentanol 46.54
    n-pentane 12.81
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 31.32
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 9.74
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 29.12
    mesitylene 4.66
    ε-caprolactone 23.01
    p-cymene 3.32
    epichlorohydrin 46.13
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 2.92
    2-aminoethanol 354.34
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 205.41
    sulfolane 130.17
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 3.07
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 48.24
    n-hexyl acetate 7.51
    isooctane 1.67
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 49.42
    sec-butyl acetate 3.18
    tert-butyl acetate 8.74
    decalin 2.51
    glycerin 243.35
    diglyme 95.79
    acrylic acid 51.65
    isopropyl myristate 3.87
    n-butyric acid 24.48
    acetyl acetate 4.66
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 3.95
    ethyl propionate 7.36
    nitromethane 107.78
    1,2-diethoxyethane 21.87
    benzonitrile 4.22
    trioctyl phosphate 4.74
    1-bromopropane 11.17
    gamma-valerolactone 73.62
    n-decanol 12.9
    triethyl phosphate 4.67
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 15.04
    propionitrile 16.95
    vinylene carbonate 9.01
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 50.7
    DMS 6.29
    cumene 2.63
    2-octanol 11.43
    2-hexanone 9.85
    octyl acetate 6.09
    limonene 6.32
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 159.41
    ethyl orthosilicate 4.68
    tributyl phosphate 3.55
    diacetone alcohol 35.27
    N,N-dimethylaniline 16.62
    acrylonitrile 23.53
    aniline 16.33
    1,3-propanediol 247.94
    bromobenzene 1.11
    dibromomethane 9.57
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 13.84
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 3.34
    tetrabutyl urea 10.96
    diisobutyl methanol 6.93
    2-phenylethanol 9.62
    styrene 3.63
    dioctyl adipate 5.69
    dimethyl sulfate 64.29
    ethyl butyrate 5.36
    methyl lactate 45.83
    butyl lactate 8.74
    diethyl carbonate 3.45
    propanediol butyl ether 37.92
    triethyl orthoformate 5.87
    p-tert-butyltoluene 3.65
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 14.13
    morpholine 163.92
    tert-butylamine 63.09
    n-dodecanol 10.01
    dimethoxymethane 212.99
    ethylene carbonate 8.45
    cyrene 33.03
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 9.3
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 2.53
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 2.45
    4-methylpyridine 18.28
    dibutyl ether 10.16
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 6.93
    DEF 96.37
    dimethyl isosorbide 26.72
    tetrachloroethylene 13.46
    eugenol 15.55
    triacetin 8.69
    span 80 19.98
    1,4-butanediol 107.65
    1,1-dichloroethane 6.31
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 20.74
    methyl formate 141.51
    2-methyl-1-butanol 45.89
    n-decane 3.88
    butyronitrile 14.56
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 9.14
    1-chlorooctane 5.33
    1-chlorotetradecane 2.62
    n-nonane 4.33
    undecane 3.01
    tert-butylcyclohexane 1.34
    cyclooctane 7.24
    cyclopentanol 55.46
    tetrahydropyran 51.23
    tert-amyl methyl ether 32.35
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 74.72
    1-hexene 6.69
    2-isopropoxyethanol 64.17
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 51.88
    methyl butyrate 11.03

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction