Cysteine Hydrochloride

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    52-89-1

    Molecular formula
    C3H8ClNO2S

    SMILES
    C([C@@H](C(=O)O)N)S.Cl

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 59.32%
    Sulfurous 59.21%
    Meaty 48.38%
    Savory 40.61%
    Roasted 27.81%
    Cooked 27.08%
    Onion 23.08%
    Cheesy 22.32%
    Garlic 20.36%
    Alliaceous 19.99%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 60.57%
    Sulfury 34.8%
    Mild 34.2%
    Sulfurous 26.42%
    Bland 25.4%
    Cooked 23.3%
    Yeast 22.79%
    Roasted 22.73%
    Faint 22.21%
    Sweet-like 21.89%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Medium

  • Properties

    pKa est.
    6.75 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    157.62 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    277°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 240 dec °C
    • 260 °C decomposes

    Flash point

    • 134.28 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 277000 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • Freely soluble in water
    • Freely soluble in alcohol, acetic acid, ammonia water; insoluble in ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, benzene, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride
    • Water solubility (per g/100 g H2O): 28 g/100 mL of solution at 25 °C; 16 g/100 mL of solution at 20 °C

  • Synonyms

    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride
    • 52-89-1
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous
    • Cystein chloride
    • l-Cysteine.HCl
    • L-CYSTEINE HCl anhydrous
    • L-Cysteine, hydrochloride
    • l-cysteine hcl
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE
    • Cysteine chlorhydrate
    • (R)-Cysteine hydrochloride
    • cysteine-hcl
    • L-(+)-Cysteine hydrochloride
    • Cysteine monohydrochloride
    • (R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid hydrochloride
    • Cysteine hydrochloride (anhydrous)
    • L-Cysteine monohydrochloride
    • 3-Mercaptoalanine hydrochloride
    • CCRIS 3613
    • Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous
    • Cysteine HCl (anhydrous)
    • NSC 8746
    • EINECS 200-157-7
    • H-Cys-OH.HCl
    • cysteine
    • Cysteine, L-, hydrochloride
    • WR 348
    • UNII-A9U1687S1S
    • EK 2367
    • AI3-18781
    • A9U1687S1S
    • L-Cysteine, hydrochloride (1:1)
    • MFCD00064553
    • L-Cysteine (hydrochloride)
    • Cysteine (as hydrochloride)
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS
    • DTXSID0020367
    • EC 200-157-7
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride, anhydrous
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate
    • ELCYS
    • NOURESS
    • NSC-755898
    • (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid;hydrochloride
    • L-Cysteine, HCl
    • (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid hydrochloride
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE (II)
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS (II)
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS [II]
    • Cysteine, L-, monohydrochloride
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE (USP MONOGRAPH)
    • 345909-32-2 (.xH2O)
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE (EP IMPURITY)
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE (EP MONOGRAPH)
    • cysteine-hydrochloride
    • L-cysteinium chloride
    • l-cysteine chlorhydrate
    • L-Cysteine hydro-chloride
    • SCHEMBL18161
    • DTXCID60367
    • L-Cysteinemethyl Hydrochloride
    • L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid monohydrochloride
    • MSK1405A
    • CHEMBL1200630
    • CHEBI:91247
    • HY-Y0337A
    • Tox21_200699
    • s4815
    • AKOS015849225
    • CCG-266272
    • CS-W018517
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-DD]
    • FC38705
    • CAS-52-89-1
    • NCGC00258253-01
    • (2R)-2-amino-3-mercapto-propionic acid
    • AC-12796
    • AS-11682
    • L-CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE [USP-RS]
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride, 98.0-102.0%
    • CYSTEINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANHYDROUS [MI]
    • E72644
    • EN300-219524
    • (R)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoicacidhydrochloride
    • (1R)-1-carboxy-2-sulfanylethan-1-aminium chloride
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride, anhydrous, >=98% (TLC)
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride, anhydrous, >=99.0% (RT)
    • Q27163158
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, >=98%
    • (R)-Cysteine HCl; (R)-1-carboxy-2-mercaptoethanaminium chloride; L-(+)-Cysteine hydrochloride
    • 200-157-7
    • L-Cysteine hydrochloride, anhydrous, from non-animal source, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, >=98.0%

  • Applications

    Cysteine Hydrochloride (CAS 52-89-1) is the hydrochloride salt of the amino acid cysteine and serves as a practical source of cysteine across several industries. In food processing, it is used as a dough conditioner to soften gluten and shorten mixing time. In pharmaceutical and nutritional applications, it provides cysteine for cell culture media and parenteral nutrition solutions and acts as a building block or intermediate for peptide synthesis and other drug-related compounds. In microbiology and analytical workflows, it is employed as a reducing agent and as a cysteine source for culture preparation and protein analysis. In industrial manufacturing, it can be a precursor for sulfur-containing compounds and related derivatives.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.75
    methanol 5.92
    isopropanol 0.24
    water 172.13
    ethyl acetate 0.06
    n-propanol 0.21
    acetone 12.09
    n-butanol 0.1
    acetonitrile 0.06
    DMF 8.22
    toluene 0.03
    isobutanol 0.06
    1,4-dioxane 0.21
    methyl acetate 0.08
    THF 0.85
    2-butanone 0.27
    n-pentanol 0.13
    sec-butanol 0.06
    n-hexane 0.04
    ethylene glycol 11.84
    NMP 14.48
    cyclohexane 0.05
    DMSO 44.98
    n-butyl acetate 0.18
    n-octanol 0.22
    chloroform 0.02
    n-propyl acetate 0.1
    acetic acid 13.26
    dichloromethane 0.03
    cyclohexanone 0.75
    propylene glycol 2.4
    isopropyl acetate 0.12
    DMAc 4.65
    2-ethoxyethanol 1.8
    isopentanol 0.12
    n-heptane 0.09
    ethyl formate 0.26
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.05
    n-hexanol 0.24
    2-methoxyethanol 3.77
    isobutyl acetate 0.08
    tetrachloromethane 0.04
    n-pentyl acetate 0.28
    transcutol 6.92
    n-heptanol 0.4
    ethylbenzene 0.03
    MIBK 0.38
    2-propoxyethanol 1.61
    tert-butanol 0.55
    MTBE 0.09
    2-butoxyethanol 1.84
    propionic acid 0.63
    o-xylene 0.08
    formic acid 70.31
    diethyl ether 0.06
    m-xylene 0.08
    p-xylene 0.07
    chlorobenzene 0.03
    dimethyl carbonate 0.22
    n-octane 0.05
    formamide 32.89
    cyclopentanone 1.57
    2-pentanone 0.36
    anisole 0.09
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 0.21
    gamma-butyrolactone 1.36
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 1.56
    pyridine 0.15
    3-pentanone 0.17
    furfural 2.9
    n-dodecane 0.03
    diethylene glycol 6.95
    diisopropyl ether 0.07
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.22
    acetylacetone 1.95
    n-hexadecane 0.03
    acetophenone 0.31
    methyl propionate 0.09
    isopentyl acetate 0.22
    trichloroethylene 0.08
    n-nonanol 0.25
    cyclohexanol 0.15
    benzyl alcohol 0.24
    2-ethylhexanol 0.2
    isooctanol 0.37
    dipropyl ether 0.19
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.04
    ethyl lactate 0.45
    propylene carbonate 0.57
    n-methylformamide 2.79
    2-pentanol 0.07
    n-pentane 0.03
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 1.07
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 0.56
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 3.06
    mesitylene 0.14
    ε-caprolactone 0.46
    p-cymene 0.15
    epichlorohydrin 0.26
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.03
    2-aminoethanol 4.51
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 5.21
    sulfolane 10.43
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.02
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 0.19
    n-hexyl acetate 0.3
    isooctane 0.03
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 3.95
    sec-butyl acetate 0.07
    tert-butyl acetate 0.38
    decalin 0.03
    glycerin 13.26
    diglyme 5.36
    acrylic acid 1.9
    isopropyl myristate 0.2
    n-butyric acid 0.47
    acetyl acetate 0.24
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 0.7
    ethyl propionate 0.07
    nitromethane 6.15
    1,2-diethoxyethane 0.35
    benzonitrile 0.08
    trioctyl phosphate 0.52
    1-bromopropane 0.02
    gamma-valerolactone 3.09
    n-decanol 0.22
    triethyl phosphate 0.28
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.13
    propionitrile 0.03
    vinylene carbonate 0.45
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 2.45
    DMS 0.32
    cumene 0.07
    2-octanol 0.21
    2-hexanone 0.23
    octyl acetate 0.28
    limonene 0.19
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 1.29
    ethyl orthosilicate 0.26
    tributyl phosphate 0.46
    diacetone alcohol 1.83
    N,N-dimethylaniline 0.26
    acrylonitrile 0.08
    aniline 0.1
    1,3-propanediol 2.18
    bromobenzene 0.02
    dibromomethane 0.03
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 0.08
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.39
    tetrabutyl urea 1.08
    diisobutyl methanol 0.3
    2-phenylethanol 0.38
    styrene 0.03
    dioctyl adipate 0.48
    dimethyl sulfate 1.3
    ethyl butyrate 0.18
    methyl lactate 0.88
    butyl lactate 0.9
    diethyl carbonate 0.12
    propanediol butyl ether 3.03
    triethyl orthoformate 0.26
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.17
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 1.74
    morpholine 0.26
    tert-butylamine 0.19
    n-dodecanol 0.19
    dimethoxymethane 1.45
    ethylene carbonate 0.25
    cyrene 5.02
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 0.56
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.16
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.07
    4-methylpyridine 0.11
    dibutyl ether 0.12
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 0.3
    DEF 0.47
    dimethyl isosorbide 4.57
    tetrachloroethylene 0.16
    eugenol 2.24
    triacetin 1.11
    span 80 3.08
    1,4-butanediol 1.2
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.02
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.13
    methyl formate 2.46
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.07
    n-decane 0.04
    butyronitrile 0.04
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 0.24
    1-chlorooctane 0.05
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.04
    n-nonane 0.04
    undecane 0.03
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.03
    cyclooctane 0.04
    cyclopentanol 0.3
    tetrahydropyran 0.08
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.09
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 6.23
    1-hexene 0.04
    2-isopropoxyethanol 0.83
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 5.9
    methyl butyrate 0.14

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction