Crotonic acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    107-93-7

    Molecular formula
    C4H6O2

    SMILES
    C/C=C/C(=O)O

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Caramellic 65.96%
    Pungent 58.68%
    Spicy 58.18%
    Sour 56.72%
    Sharp 56.59%
    Burnt 53.43%
    Roasted 37.27%
    Phenolic 36.77%
    Sweet 34.72%
    Fruity 32.84%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 40.71%
    Sour 33.56%
    Pungent 30.87%
    Acidic 28.94%
    Phenolic 28.41%
    Sharp 26.1%
    Vinegar 24.68%
    Formyl 21.86%
    Soy 21.06%
    Mousy 20.86%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.7

    pKa est.
    7.67 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    86.09 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderate

    Melting point expt.

    • 72 °C

    Boiling point

    • 184.7 °C
    • 185 °C
    • Boiling point = 169 °C /CIS ISOMER/
    • BOILING POINT: 185 °C @ 760 MM HG; 128 °C @ 100 MM HG; 165.5 °C @ 400 MM HG; 146 °C @ 200 MM HG; 116.7 °C @ 60 MM HG; 80 °C @ 10 MM HG; 93 °C @ 20 MM HG; 107.8 °C @ 40 MM HG /TRANS ISOMER/
    • 185.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
    • 189 °C

    Flash point

    • 72.11 ˚C est.
    • 190 °F (NFPA, 2010)
    • 190 °F (OPEN CUP)
    • 88 °C o.c.

    Solubility expt.

    • 94000 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • VERY SOL IN WATER; SOL IN ETHER, ACETONE & IN HOT PETROLEUM ETHER
    • IN ETHANOL @ 25 °C: 52.5% WT/WT; ACETONE @ 25 °C: 53.0% W/W; IN TOLUENE @ 25 °C: 37.5% WT/WT
    • Water solubility: 8.6X10+4 mg/l at 25 °C
    • 555 g/l in water at 20 °C
    • 8.60E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
    • Solubility in water at 20 °C: soluble
    • Slightly soluble in water
    • Soluble (in ethanol)

  • Synonyms

    • CROTONIC ACID
    • 107-93-7
    • (E)-but-2-enoic acid
    • trans-2-Butenoic acid
    • 3724-65-0
    • trans-Crotonic acid
    • (E)-2-Butenoic acid
    • BUTENOIC ACID
    • 2-Butenoic acid
    • (E)-Crotonic acid
    • but-2-enoic acid
    • 3-Methylacrylic acid
    • (2E)-but-2-enoic acid
    • alpha-Butenoic acid
    • 2-butenoic acid, (2E)-
    • beta-Methylacrylic acid
    • alpha-Crotonic acid
    • Solid crotonic acid
    • beta-Methacrylic acid
    • 2-Butenoic acid, (E)-
    • Kyselina krotonova
    • Crotonic acid, (E)-
    • (2E)-2-Butenoic acid
    • NSC 8751
    • 2-Butenoate
    • 2E-butenoic acid
    • NSC 206946
    • Acrylic acid, 3-methyl-
    • NSC-8751
    • MFCD00002701
    • YW5WZZ4O5Q
    • CHEBI:41131
    • NSC8751
    • .alpha.-Crotonic acid
    • Crotonicacid
    • (2E)-2-butenoate
    • (E)-but-2-enoate
    • DTXCID507544
    • Kyselina krotonova [Czech]
    • CH3CH=CHCOOH
    • CAS-3724-65-0
    • HSDB 2814
    • EINECS 203-533-9
    • EINECS 223-077-4
    • UNII-YW5WZZ4O5Q
    • UN2823
    • DTXSID7027544
    • CHEBI:17217
    • BRN 1098434
    • BRN 1719943
    • Crotonsaeure
    • Butenoate
    • a-butenoate
    • a-butenoic acid
    • a-crotonic acid
    • acide crotonique
    • AI3-06287
    • 2-Butenoicacid
    • 2-butenic acid
    • NSC-206946
    • UN 2823
    • (2E)-2-Butenoic acid; (E)-Crotonic acid; trans-2-Butenoic acid; trans-Crotonic acid
    • b-methacrylic acid
    • Crotonic acid, solid
    • Crotonic acid, liquid
    • E-but-2-enoic acid
    • 3-methyl-Acrylic acid
    • Crotonic acid, 98%
    • Crotonic acid, solid [UN2823] [Corrosive]
    • EC 203-533-9
    • CROTONIC ACID [MI]
    • CROTONIC ACID [HSDB]
    • 4-02-00-01498 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • CROTONIC ACID, TRANS-
    • .BETA.-METHACRYLIC ACID
    • CHEMBL1213528
    • FEMA NO. 3908
    • DTXSID30880973
    • HY-Y1644
    • Tox21_201730
    • Tox21_303208
    • BBL027395
    • BDBM50427207
    • LMFA01030195
    • RB8002
    • STL146356
    • (E)-2-BUTENOIC ACID [FHFI]
    • AKOS000119656
    • AT32243
    • DB02074
    • FC14803
    • FC34395
    • NCGC00249105-01
    • NCGC00257147-01
    • NCGC00259279-01
    • DB-029600
    • DB-029602
    • CS-0017976
    • NS00002825
    • EN300-19907
    • C01771
    • Crotonic acid, liquid [UN2823] [Corrosive]
    • EN300-306935
    • A902650
    • Q414207
    • F2191-0211
    • Z104476026
    • (E)-2-Butenoic acid; (E)-Crotonic acid; trans-2-Butenoic acid; trans-Crotonic acid; NSC 8751

  • Applications

    Crotonic acid (CAS 107-93-7) is primarily used as an organic intermediate and monomer for crotonate esters and related functional monomers, enabling resin systems for coatings, inks, and adhesives; it also serves as a building block in fragrance and flavor chemistry through crotonate derivatives; in polymer synthesis it provides unsaturation for crosslinking and tailoring polymer properties; and it can act as a starting material in pharmaceutical synthesis for more complex compounds.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 846.49
    methanol 898.93
    isopropanol 761.7
    water 86.64
    ethyl acetate 592.24
    n-propanol 602.92
    acetone 786.32
    n-butanol 493.83
    acetonitrile 467.67
    DMF 1839.64
    toluene 21.67
    isobutanol 368.82
    1,4-dioxane 622.82
    methyl acetate 422.78
    THF 1048.63
    2-butanone 412.04
    n-pentanol 318.44
    sec-butanol 449.99
    n-hexane 18.85
    ethylene glycol 365.16
    NMP 941.25
    cyclohexane 8.4
    DMSO 1324.74
    n-butyl acetate 147.5
    n-octanol 147.39
    chloroform 52.72
    n-propyl acetate 190.43
    acetic acid 999.06
    dichloromethane 71.23
    cyclohexanone 358.43
    propylene glycol 391.84
    isopropyl acetate 263.87
    DMAc 541.71
    2-ethoxyethanol 517.32
    isopentanol 327.8
    n-heptane 12.15
    ethyl formate 300.99
    1,2-dichloroethane 102.92
    n-hexanol 255.05
    2-methoxyethanol 1012.21
    isobutyl acetate 87.46
    tetrachloromethane 9.87
    n-pentyl acetate 126.02
    transcutol 888.64
    n-heptanol 113.17
    ethylbenzene 17.98
    MIBK 237.72
    2-propoxyethanol 490.24
    tert-butanol 706.54
    MTBE 218.31
    2-butoxyethanol 220.34
    propionic acid 603.27
    o-xylene 24.84
    formic acid 611.22
    diethyl ether 300.27
    m-xylene 33.99
    p-xylene 22.47
    chlorobenzene 40.39
    dimethyl carbonate 171.52
    n-octane 6.26
    formamide 684.48
    cyclopentanone 629.76
    2-pentanone 502.18
    anisole 102.44
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 344.71
    gamma-butyrolactone 889.83
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 862.08
    pyridine 150.57
    3-pentanone 233.05
    furfural 466.45
    n-dodecane 6.94
    diethylene glycol 428.22
    diisopropyl ether 72.6
    tert-amyl alcohol 372.07
    acetylacetone 441.6
    n-hexadecane 7.39
    acetophenone 103.68
    methyl propionate 456.56
    isopentyl acetate 106.89
    trichloroethylene 132.21
    n-nonanol 118.93
    cyclohexanol 251.01
    benzyl alcohol 113.13
    2-ethylhexanol 97.43
    isooctanol 80.52
    dipropyl ether 104.18
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 40.87
    ethyl lactate 129.67
    propylene carbonate 353.74
    n-methylformamide 887.76
    2-pentanol 381.57
    n-pentane 17.94
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 318.42
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 202.11
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 199.61
    mesitylene 25.9
    ε-caprolactone 391.89
    p-cymene 20.18
    epichlorohydrin 574.74
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 51.9
    2-aminoethanol 520.57
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 780.05
    sulfolane 890.46
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 9.68
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 634.76
    n-hexyl acetate 217.68
    isooctane 10.82
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 350.86
    sec-butyl acetate 110.25
    tert-butyl acetate 241.86
    decalin 8.16
    glycerin 473.01
    diglyme 419.69
    acrylic acid 508.91
    isopropyl myristate 73.38
    n-butyric acid 619.5
    acetyl acetate 208.41
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 69.52
    ethyl propionate 208.99
    nitromethane 1379.91
    1,2-diethoxyethane 200.96
    benzonitrile 104.93
    trioctyl phosphate 62.08
    1-bromopropane 56.93
    gamma-valerolactone 776.77
    n-decanol 89.2
    triethyl phosphate 46.67
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 164.19
    propionitrile 246.46
    vinylene carbonate 255.9
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 286.03
    DMS 136.83
    cumene 19.96
    2-octanol 90.79
    2-hexanone 204.06
    octyl acetate 111.49
    limonene 33.82
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 543.38
    ethyl orthosilicate 42.74
    tributyl phosphate 73.7
    diacetone alcohol 437.04
    N,N-dimethylaniline 70.26
    acrylonitrile 319.33
    aniline 88.18
    1,3-propanediol 646.59
    bromobenzene 23.68
    dibromomethane 46.28
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 107.95
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 73.33
    tetrabutyl urea 99.91
    diisobutyl methanol 59.44
    2-phenylethanol 108.45
    styrene 20.13
    dioctyl adipate 98.41
    dimethyl sulfate 268.12
    ethyl butyrate 102.43
    methyl lactate 284.59
    butyl lactate 123.18
    diethyl carbonate 55.52
    propanediol butyl ether 267.95
    triethyl orthoformate 62.94
    p-tert-butyltoluene 21.21
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 119.95
    morpholine 815.56
    tert-butylamine 271.85
    n-dodecanol 66.71
    dimethoxymethane 667.49
    ethylene carbonate 218.15
    cyrene 174.39
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 180.7
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 70.66
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 55.68
    4-methylpyridine 171.42
    dibutyl ether 98.44
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 59.44
    DEF 514.19
    dimethyl isosorbide 295.16
    tetrachloroethylene 61.37
    eugenol 141.53
    triacetin 158.58
    span 80 212.28
    1,4-butanediol 252.11
    1,1-dichloroethane 83.14
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 207.86
    methyl formate 581.93
    2-methyl-1-butanol 279.78
    n-decane 10.58
    butyronitrile 254.45
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 106.15
    1-chlorooctane 43.85
    1-chlorotetradecane 19.92
    n-nonane 10.31
    undecane 8.27
    tert-butylcyclohexane 10.93
    cyclooctane 4.1
    cyclopentanol 436.97
    tetrahydropyran 414.93
    tert-amyl methyl ether 160.41
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 333.32
    1-hexene 63.68
    2-isopropoxyethanol 303.25
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 312.47
    methyl butyrate 245.41

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction