4H-pyran-4-one

Overview IFRA Botanical Request a quote

  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    108-97-4

    Molecular formula
    C5H4O2

    SMILES
    C1=COC=CC1=O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Sweet 89.06%
    Caramellic 59.33%
    Nutty 49.07%
    Burnt 47.08%
    Spicy 44.5%
    Coumarinic 42.96%
    Almond 39.02%
    Balsamic 37.43%
    Coconut 33.97%
    Fruity 33.86%

     

    Flavor
    Sweet 83.11%
    Almond 50.99%
    Bitter 48.6%
    Tonka 43.6%
    Green 42.75%
    Balsam 33.26%
    Woody 31.91%
    Caramel 30.05%
    Tobacco 28.89%
    Bread 28.69%

     

    Odor impact est.
    High

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.1

    pKa est.
    6.07 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    96.08 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra fast

    Boiling point est.
    143°C

    Flash point

    • 60.24 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • 4H-PYRAN-4-ONE
    • 108-97-4
    • gamma-Pyrone
    • Pyran-4-one
    • 4-Pyrone
    • .gamma.-Pyrone
    • UNII-UJ7X07IM7Z
    • UJ7X07IM7Z
    • 4-oxo-4H-pyran
    • 4H-Pyran, 4-oxo-
    • EINECS 203-634-8
    • MFCD00006576
    • CHEBI:37966
    • DTXSID20148352
    • 4-Pyranone
    • |A-Pyrone
    • g-Pyrone
    • 4-oxo-1H-pyran
    • 4H-pyran-4-on
    • DTXCID2070843
    • 4H-Pyran-4-one, >=98%
    • AKOS016008736
    • AS-56532
    • SY051693
    • DB-040854
    • CS-0108723
    • NS00023510
    • EN300-49123
    • Q3411301
    • Z586248016
    • 203-634-8

  • Applications

    4H‑pyran‑4‑one (CAS 108‑97‑4) is a versatile conjugated lactone heterocycle used broadly as a building block in organic synthesis to assemble chromone and flavone cores and to prepare kojic‑acid‑, maltol‑ and ethyl‑maltol‑type derivatives for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, flavors/fragrances, and agrochemicals; the activated 4‑pyrone ring acts as a Michael acceptor and a lactone that undergoes nucleophile‑promoted ring opening (amines, alcohols, thiols) to give dicarbonyl intermediates amenable to further elaboration (e.g., tyrosinase inhibitors, metal‑chelating motifs, coordination ligands), and serves as a precursor in condensations, hydrogenations, halogenations, and annulations to access diverse O‑heterocycles, enabling development of organic materials, sensors, and synthetic intermediates at both laboratory and manufacturing scales.

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 92.59
    methanol 183.48
    isopropanol 58.93
    water 17.21
    ethyl acetate 109.41
    n-propanol 54.46
    acetone 177.93
    n-butanol 38.47
    acetonitrile 323.41
    DMF 397.28
    toluene 18.73
    isobutanol 39.84
    1,4-dioxane 130.25
    methyl acetate 187.34
    THF 143.55
    2-butanone 136.33
    n-pentanol 28.74
    sec-butanol 45.93
    n-hexane 2.04
    ethylene glycol 45.13
    NMP 281.15
    cyclohexane 2.22
    DMSO 359.87
    n-butyl acetate 26.18
    n-octanol 10.47
    chloroform 155.02
    n-propyl acetate 41.18
    acetic acid 159.58
    dichloromethane 181.18
    cyclohexanone 79.41
    propylene glycol 40.29
    isopropyl acetate 43.7
    DMAc 509.12
    2-ethoxyethanol 92.37
    isopentanol 34.75
    n-heptane 2.51
    ethyl formate 86.93
    1,2-dichloroethane 89.0
    n-hexanol 16.31
    2-methoxyethanol 191.22
    isobutyl acetate 21.28
    tetrachloromethane 23.04
    n-pentyl acetate 19.11
    transcutol 215.1
    n-heptanol 10.73
    ethylbenzene 9.37
    MIBK 34.77
    2-propoxyethanol 50.47
    tert-butanol 68.53
    MTBE 49.93
    2-butoxyethanol 35.68
    propionic acid 116.98
    o-xylene 19.0
    formic acid 132.12
    diethyl ether 49.25
    m-xylene 13.4
    p-xylene 15.93
    chlorobenzene 29.24
    dimethyl carbonate 64.18
    n-octane 0.95
    formamide 305.34
    cyclopentanone 134.73
    2-pentanone 67.35
    anisole 50.14
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 48.65
    gamma-butyrolactone 197.55
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 109.71
    pyridine 139.64
    3-pentanone 65.13
    furfural 178.6
    n-dodecane 0.97
    diethylene glycol 56.29
    diisopropyl ether 9.95
    tert-amyl alcohol 55.55
    acetylacetone 87.3
    n-hexadecane 1.05
    acetophenone 51.84
    methyl propionate 114.36
    isopentyl acetate 22.33
    trichloroethylene 186.34
    n-nonanol 9.9
    cyclohexanol 26.34
    benzyl alcohol 41.06
    2-ethylhexanol 11.95
    isooctanol 9.91
    dipropyl ether 18.42
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 30.63
    ethyl lactate 24.99
    propylene carbonate 83.88
    n-methylformamide 260.2
    2-pentanol 23.2
    n-pentane 2.13
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 34.35
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 39.64
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 48.0
    mesitylene 8.21
    ε-caprolactone 81.16
    p-cymene 8.72
    epichlorohydrin 179.17
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 78.46
    2-aminoethanol 73.1
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 245.24
    sulfolane 186.41
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 2.37
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 94.4
    n-hexyl acetate 23.23
    isooctane 1.27
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 56.26
    sec-butyl acetate 25.43
    tert-butyl acetate 36.65
    decalin 2.17
    glycerin 68.1
    diglyme 131.62
    acrylic acid 118.21
    isopropyl myristate 10.08
    n-butyric acid 86.9
    acetyl acetate 62.66
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 13.4
    ethyl propionate 40.63
    nitromethane 516.34
    1,2-diethoxyethane 44.11
    benzonitrile 59.2
    trioctyl phosphate 8.08
    1-bromopropane 35.67
    gamma-valerolactone 186.83
    n-decanol 7.37
    triethyl phosphate 17.0
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 15.26
    propionitrile 131.3
    vinylene carbonate 80.14
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 153.53
    DMS 36.36
    cumene 8.62
    2-octanol 6.61
    2-hexanone 40.83
    octyl acetate 13.54
    limonene 10.84
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 142.29
    ethyl orthosilicate 15.51
    tributyl phosphate 11.46
    diacetone alcohol 59.87
    N,N-dimethylaniline 38.87
    acrylonitrile 200.42
    aniline 54.87
    1,3-propanediol 78.59
    bromobenzene 24.26
    dibromomethane 82.42
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 114.9
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 19.94
    tetrabutyl urea 18.54
    diisobutyl methanol 9.52
    2-phenylethanol 25.02
    styrene 13.99
    dioctyl adipate 19.46
    dimethyl sulfate 122.41
    ethyl butyrate 27.22
    methyl lactate 60.5
    butyl lactate 19.88
    diethyl carbonate 21.6
    propanediol butyl ether 31.04
    triethyl orthoformate 21.18
    p-tert-butyltoluene 7.95
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 35.04
    morpholine 165.68
    tert-butylamine 36.39
    n-dodecanol 5.77
    dimethoxymethane 138.82
    ethylene carbonate 64.16
    cyrene 50.13
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 37.34
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 17.9
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 42.99
    4-methylpyridine 115.29
    dibutyl ether 14.41
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 9.52
    DEF 138.46
    dimethyl isosorbide 67.84
    tetrachloroethylene 75.29
    eugenol 33.98
    triacetin 40.81
    span 80 28.24
    1,4-butanediol 27.89
    1,1-dichloroethane 92.1
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 29.69
    methyl formate 164.6
    2-methyl-1-butanol 34.5
    n-decane 1.47
    butyronitrile 80.58
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 13.09
    1-chlorooctane 5.82
    1-chlorotetradecane 2.84
    n-nonane 1.31
    undecane 1.14
    tert-butylcyclohexane 2.37
    cyclooctane 0.92
    cyclopentanol 42.16
    tetrahydropyran 60.03
    tert-amyl methyl ether 37.91
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 89.34
    1-hexene 8.51
    2-isopropoxyethanol 53.26
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 105.59
    methyl butyrate 54.73

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Tamarind 1 dried fruit Tamarindus indica L., fam. Leguminosae 0.19%