Pyromellitic dianhydride

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    89-32-7

    Molecular formula
    C10H2O6

    SMILES
    C1=C2C(=CC3=C1C(=O)OC3=O)C(=O)OC2=O

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 55.11%
    Burnt 33.52%
    Sweet 33.15%
    Caramellic 27.69%
    Nutty 20.62%
    Bitter 20.5%
    Balsamic 18.82%
    Creamy 17.03%
    Sharp 15.92%
    Coumarinic 15.91%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 85.5%
    Odorless 26.17%
    Nitrile 18.42%
    Urine 17.96%
    Rotten 17.85%
    Formyl 17.65%
    Fenugreek 17.58%
    Very strong 17.48%
    Moth ball 17.36%
    Naphthelene 17.33%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    0.7

    pKa est.
    4.37 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    218.12 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 286 °C
    • 287 °C

    Boiling point

    • 397-400 °C

    Flash point

    • 168.31 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • Soluble in some organic solvents
    • In water, 130 mg/L @ 25 °C /Estimated/
    • Solubility in water: reaction

  • Synonyms

    • PYROMELLITIC DIANHYDRIDE
    • 89-32-7
    • Pyromellitic anhydride
    • PMDA
    • Pyromellitic acid anhydride
    • Pyromellitic acid dianhydride
    • 1H,3H-Benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']difuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone
    • 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride
    • Pyromellitic 1,2:4,5-dianhydride
    • NSC 4798
    • HSDB 6950
    • 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride
    • EINECS 201-898-9
    • Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic dianhydride
    • Benzene-1,2:4,5-tetracarboxylic dianhydride
    • UNII-2Z22T30QZQ
    • 1H,3H-Benzo(1,2-c:4,5-c')difuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone
    • furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone
    • 2Z22T30QZQ
    • pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)
    • 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic 1,2:4,5-dianhydride
    • NSC-4798
    • DTXSID1026536
    • NSC4798
    • 1,2,4,5 Benzenetetracarboxylic 1,2:4,5 dianhydride
    • Benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']difuran-1,3,5,7-tetraone
    • 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride
    • benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride
    • 1H,3H-furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone
    • DTXCID906536
    • 1,2,4,5-BENZENETETRACARBOXYLIC ACID 1,2:4,5-DIANHYDRIDE
    • CAS-89-32-7
    • Benzo[1,2-c
    • 1-PMDA
    • MFCD00005005
    • furo[3,4-f]isobenzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone
    • Oprea1_783432
    • SCHEMBL15763
    • Pyromellitic dianhydride, 97%
    • CHEMBL3182140
    • STR04559
    • Tox21_201714
    • Tox21_303118
    • STL477627
    • AKOS000120068
    • 4,5-c']difuran-1,3,5,7-tetraone
    • PYROMELLITIC DIANHYDRIDE [HSDB]
    • 5,11-dioxatricyclo[7.3.0.0^{3,7}]dodeca-1,3(7),8-triene-4,6,10,12-tetrone
    • NCGC00164170-01
    • NCGC00164170-02
    • NCGC00256972-01
    • NCGC00259263-01
    • 1.2.4.5-Benzenetetracarboxylic anhydride
    • AC-11735
    • DB-057127
    • B0040
    • NS00020125
    • P2103
    • EN300-18019
    • 1H,2-c:4,5-c']difuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone
    • D92186
    • A916668
    • Pyromellitic Dianhydride (purified by sublimation)
    • 1,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic 1,2:4,5-dianhydride
    • Q1407366
    • Z57127502
    • F0001-2194
    • 1H,3H-Benzo(1,2-c;4,5-c')difuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone
    • 5,11-dioxatricyclo[7.3.0.0,3,7]dodeca-1,3(7),8-triene-4,6,10,12-tetrone
    • 201-898-9
    • InChI=1/C10H2O6/c11-7-3-1-4-6(10(14)16-8(4)12)2-5(3)9(13)15-7/h1-2

  • Applications

    Pyromellitic dianhydride (CAS 89-32-7) is commonly used as a dianhydride monomer to synthesize polyimide resins and films with excellent thermo-oxidative stability, making it integral to electronics and aerospace, and as a building block for high-temperature coatings and inks; it also serves as a crosslinking or curing component in epoxy systems and industrial adhesives; it is an important intermediate in the preparation of specialty polyimides and related composites used in packaging and automotive applications.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 10.89
    methanol 22.94
    isopropanol 9.03
    water 2.84
    ethyl acetate 47.25
    n-propanol 8.73
    acetone 56.63
    n-butanol 7.96
    acetonitrile 14.59
    DMF 260.94
    toluene 9.9
    isobutanol 6.33
    1,4-dioxane 51.04
    methyl acetate 47.92
    THF 50.7
    2-butanone 57.76
    n-pentanol 7.8
    sec-butanol 10.97
    n-hexane 0.75
    ethylene glycol 15.2
    NMP 211.45
    cyclohexane 0.68
    DMSO 216.85
    n-butyl acetate 38.43
    n-octanol 17.18
    chloroform 3.96
    n-propyl acetate 25.45
    acetic acid 13.42
    dichloromethane 7.34
    cyclohexanone 57.34
    propylene glycol 10.5
    isopropyl acetate 31.92
    DMAc 261.01
    2-ethoxyethanol 44.39
    isopentanol 8.1
    n-heptane 1.74
    ethyl formate 25.25
    1,2-dichloroethane 11.43
    n-hexanol 13.03
    2-methoxyethanol 70.52
    isobutyl acetate 7.6
    tetrachloromethane 1.11
    n-pentyl acetate 33.3
    transcutol 99.69
    n-heptanol 13.66
    ethylbenzene 5.51
    MIBK 25.46
    2-propoxyethanol 65.22
    tert-butanol 12.14
    MTBE 17.14
    2-butoxyethanol 37.69
    propionic acid 22.37
    o-xylene 12.11
    formic acid 20.41
    diethyl ether 24.15
    m-xylene 8.9
    p-xylene 6.43
    chlorobenzene 5.66
    dimethyl carbonate 56.91
    n-octane 1.34
    formamide 56.97
    cyclopentanone 66.79
    2-pentanone 48.93
    anisole 17.53
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 27.37
    gamma-butyrolactone 83.02
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 59.91
    pyridine 33.79
    3-pentanone 52.68
    furfural 67.4
    n-dodecane 1.56
    diethylene glycol 70.61
    diisopropyl ether 9.25
    tert-amyl alcohol 14.52
    acetylacetone 70.15
    n-hexadecane 1.83
    acetophenone 31.94
    methyl propionate 63.59
    isopentyl acetate 23.69
    trichloroethylene 13.66
    n-nonanol 17.14
    cyclohexanol 12.79
    benzyl alcohol 16.85
    2-ethylhexanol 11.73
    isooctanol 10.09
    dipropyl ether 19.82
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 7.12
    ethyl lactate 30.94
    propylene carbonate 36.97
    n-methylformamide 82.85
    2-pentanol 9.59
    n-pentane 0.85
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 54.71
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 62.48
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 48.39
    mesitylene 6.73
    ε-caprolactone 54.04
    p-cymene 9.18
    epichlorohydrin 47.46
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 4.26
    2-aminoethanol 12.63
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 162.26
    sulfolane 134.75
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.88
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 32.32
    n-hexyl acetate 36.16
    isooctane 0.53
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 53.79
    sec-butyl acetate 17.76
    tert-butyl acetate 30.1
    decalin 0.82
    glycerin 32.15
    diglyme 80.77
    acrylic acid 25.93
    isopropyl myristate 18.72
    n-butyric acid 17.79
    acetyl acetate 22.68
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 15.36
    ethyl propionate 34.43
    nitromethane 65.87
    1,2-diethoxyethane 47.52
    benzonitrile 16.12
    trioctyl phosphate 14.05
    1-bromopropane 5.41
    gamma-valerolactone 110.58
    n-decanol 13.99
    triethyl phosphate 20.35
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 6.92
    propionitrile 15.31
    vinylene carbonate 32.6
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 48.32
    DMS 47.33
    cumene 4.21
    2-octanol 14.76
    2-hexanone 27.97
    octyl acetate 24.38
    limonene 12.12
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 69.15
    ethyl orthosilicate 16.73
    tributyl phosphate 16.08
    diacetone alcohol 44.36
    N,N-dimethylaniline 19.19
    acrylonitrile 25.6
    aniline 16.2
    1,3-propanediol 20.23
    bromobenzene 4.17
    dibromomethane 3.92
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 14.81
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 19.18
    tetrabutyl urea 33.05
    diisobutyl methanol 9.49
    2-phenylethanol 23.02
    styrene 5.41
    dioctyl adipate 22.65
    dimethyl sulfate 100.92
    ethyl butyrate 30.1
    methyl lactate 65.11
    butyl lactate 33.34
    diethyl carbonate 19.81
    propanediol butyl ether 36.01
    triethyl orthoformate 23.02
    p-tert-butyltoluene 8.78
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 36.53
    morpholine 52.98
    tert-butylamine 5.87
    n-dodecanol 10.74
    dimethoxymethane 115.58
    ethylene carbonate 29.59
    cyrene 49.99
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 52.27
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 21.67
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 10.2
    4-methylpyridine 36.82
    dibutyl ether 19.27
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 9.49
    DEF 102.87
    dimethyl isosorbide 64.78
    tetrachloroethylene 9.59
    eugenol 38.08
    triacetin 41.34
    span 80 31.97
    1,4-butanediol 12.12
    1,1-dichloroethane 5.8
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 7.63
    methyl formate 62.41
    2-methyl-1-butanol 8.09
    n-decane 2.46
    butyronitrile 11.92
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 12.5
    1-chlorooctane 7.77
    1-chlorotetradecane 3.85
    n-nonane 2.12
    undecane 1.96
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.69
    cyclooctane 0.61
    cyclopentanol 13.97
    tetrahydropyran 22.16
    tert-amyl methyl ether 22.12
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 66.99
    1-hexene 2.63
    2-isopropoxyethanol 30.55
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 17.7
    methyl butyrate 33.76

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction