Protocatechualdehyde

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    139-85-5

    Molecular formula
    C7H6O3

    SMILES
    C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=O)O)O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Phenolic 59.95%
    Vanilla 49.63%
    Burnt 48.99%
    Odorless 44.87%
    Spicy 40.4%
    Caramellic 35.92%
    Medicinal 35.2%
    Bitter 34.39%
    Smoky 33.24%
    Balsamic 31.55%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 68.66%
    Almond 48.93%
    Sweet 44.31%
    Phenolic 40.61%
    Vanilla 36.46%
    Medical 35.8%
    Mild 30.37%
    Creamy 28.72%
    Powdery 25.97%
    Nutty 25.27%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Medium

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    1.3

    pKa est.
    8.6 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    138.12 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    329°C

    Flash point

    • 142.51 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde
    • Protocatechualdehyde
    • 139-85-5
    • PROTOCATECHUIC ALDEHYDE
    • Rancinamycin IV
    • Benzaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxy-
    • 4-Formyl-1,2-dihydroxybenzene
    • 3,4-Dihydroxybenzenecarbonal
    • 3,4-dihydroxy-benzaldehyde
    • 4-Formyl-1,2-benzenediol
    • MFCD00003370
    • 1,2-Dihydroxy-4-formylbenzene
    • protocatechuicaldehyde
    • NSC 22961
    • CHEBI:50205
    • UNII-4PVP2HCH4T
    • 4PVP2HCH4T
    • 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde
    • EINECS 205-377-7
    • 3,4-Dihydroxybenzyl aldehyde
    • NSC-22961
    • MLS000069606
    • GM-W03
    • 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 97%
    • DIHYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE, 3,4-
    • SMR000059038
    • H6N
    • FIPEXIDE_met006
    • PIRIBEDIL_met002
    • Opera_ID_356
    • 3,4 dihydroxybenzaldehyde
    • 4,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde
    • 3, 4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde
    • 3,4-DHBAOP
    • SCHEMBL36350
    • MLS001148401
    • Protocatechualdehyde (Standard)
    • CHEMBL222021
    • MEGxm0_000158
    • DTXSID4074512
    • ACon1_001620
    • HY-N0295R
    • Nc 033
    • PROTOCATECHUALDEHYDE [MI]
    • HMS2236H03
    • HMS3370F03
    • BCP00880
    • HY-N0295
    • NSC22961
    • O HUI WHITE EXTREME CELLIGHT
    • BBL010377
    • s3952
    • STL146017
    • AKOS000119507
    • CCG-266142
    • CS-W009195
    • DB11268
    • FD09879
    • PS-5533
    • NCGC00180319-01
    • AC-10830
    • AC-34922
    • BP-11465
    • SY001411
    • D0566
    • NS00015818
    • EN300-17568
    • 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, analytical standard
    • A15221
    • AR-360/40191185
    • Q411602
    • doi:10.14272/IBGBGRVKPALMCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N.1
    • Protocatechualdehyde; 4-Formyl-1,2-dihydroxybenzene
    • 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, purum, >=97.0% (HPLC)
    • Z56957508
    • F2190-0614
    • 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 97%
    • InChI=1/C7H6O3/c8-4-5-1-2-6(9)7(10)3-5/h1-4,9-10
    • 205-377-7

  • Applications

    Protocatechualdehyde (CAS 139-85-5) is a versatile building block with applications across multiple industries. It serves as an intermediate for polyphenol derivatives and natural product analogs; it is used as a precursor in the development of catechol-containing polymers and bio-based resins, enabling adhesives, coatings, and compatible inks; it is often evaluated as an antioxidant or stabilizer additive in polymer formulations and protective coatings; in perfumery and cosmetics, it may function as a fragrance ingredient or fragrance intermediate and for formulation stabilization; in pharmaceutical research, it is employed as a synthetic intermediate for the preparation of more complex bioactive compounds.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 140.96
    methanol 257.86
    isopropanol 104.48
    water 13.97
    ethyl acetate 72.75
    n-propanol 87.97
    acetone 130.16
    n-butanol 65.05
    acetonitrile 55.03
    DMF 227.37
    toluene 3.09
    isobutanol 48.92
    1,4-dioxane 87.77
    methyl acetate 105.1
    THF 252.57
    2-butanone 90.23
    n-pentanol 45.36
    sec-butanol 76.11
    n-hexane 0.56
    ethylene glycol 109.33
    NMP 118.93
    cyclohexane 0.61
    DMSO 262.77
    n-butyl acetate 29.38
    n-octanol 32.3
    chloroform 2.58
    n-propyl acetate 38.38
    acetic acid 117.58
    dichloromethane 5.18
    cyclohexanone 34.7
    propylene glycol 59.44
    isopropyl acetate 46.94
    DMAc 231.62
    2-ethoxyethanol 168.87
    isopentanol 60.79
    n-heptane 2.67
    ethyl formate 39.26
    1,2-dichloroethane 9.94
    n-hexanol 43.16
    2-methoxyethanol 239.23
    isobutyl acetate 16.84
    tetrachloromethane 1.72
    n-pentyl acetate 27.54
    transcutol 279.05
    n-heptanol 34.37
    ethylbenzene 4.14
    MIBK 50.86
    2-propoxyethanol 103.54
    tert-butanol 160.3
    MTBE 75.21
    2-butoxyethanol 78.95
    propionic acid 72.15
    o-xylene 6.12
    formic acid 185.42
    diethyl ether 50.17
    m-xylene 5.98
    p-xylene 4.37
    chlorobenzene 2.94
    dimethyl carbonate 46.25
    n-octane 1.53
    formamide 388.11
    cyclopentanone 90.0
    2-pentanone 67.96
    anisole 28.47
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 48.37
    gamma-butyrolactone 125.01
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 142.0
    pyridine 25.96
    3-pentanone 35.48
    furfural 73.02
    n-dodecane 1.56
    diethylene glycol 131.87
    diisopropyl ether 16.04
    tert-amyl alcohol 107.53
    acetylacetone 81.59
    n-hexadecane 1.67
    acetophenone 29.73
    methyl propionate 69.64
    isopentyl acetate 27.44
    trichloroethylene 13.91
    n-nonanol 29.53
    cyclohexanol 23.64
    benzyl alcohol 26.53
    2-ethylhexanol 23.35
    isooctanol 27.11
    dipropyl ether 25.3
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 4.67
    ethyl lactate 33.13
    propylene carbonate 46.82
    n-methylformamide 152.13
    2-pentanol 49.53
    n-pentane 0.91
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 65.61
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 49.01
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 71.25
    mesitylene 5.33
    ε-caprolactone 47.65
    p-cymene 7.32
    epichlorohydrin 113.17
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 6.3
    2-aminoethanol 129.0
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 127.05
    sulfolane 128.81
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1.48
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 101.76
    n-hexyl acetate 38.12
    isooctane 1.6
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 102.99
    sec-butyl acetate 28.03
    tert-butyl acetate 66.21
    decalin 0.87
    glycerin 110.6
    diglyme 174.41
    acrylic acid 70.49
    isopropyl myristate 18.01
    n-butyric acid 57.9
    acetyl acetate 35.07
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 16.36
    ethyl propionate 33.72
    nitromethane 239.89
    1,2-diethoxyethane 58.63
    benzonitrile 13.3
    trioctyl phosphate 15.53
    1-bromopropane 4.04
    gamma-valerolactone 99.25
    n-decanol 22.76
    triethyl phosphate 17.98
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 34.39
    propionitrile 31.84
    vinylene carbonate 30.08
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 80.06
    DMS 28.96
    cumene 4.65
    2-octanol 22.09
    2-hexanone 35.8
    octyl acetate 24.14
    limonene 10.38
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 134.16
    ethyl orthosilicate 16.72
    tributyl phosphate 15.24
    diacetone alcohol 107.8
    N,N-dimethylaniline 22.27
    acrylonitrile 48.01
    aniline 13.23
    1,3-propanediol 131.91
    bromobenzene 1.75
    dibromomethane 2.12
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 11.11
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 22.93
    tetrabutyl urea 23.2
    diisobutyl methanol 18.76
    2-phenylethanol 29.03
    styrene 3.84
    dioctyl adipate 25.72
    dimethyl sulfate 69.61
    ethyl butyrate 27.65
    methyl lactate 56.68
    butyl lactate 26.76
    diethyl carbonate 19.81
    propanediol butyl ether 61.85
    triethyl orthoformate 20.31
    p-tert-butyltoluene 7.82
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 42.21
    morpholine 116.58
    tert-butylamine 52.03
    n-dodecanol 16.72
    dimethoxymethane 142.86
    ethylene carbonate 24.78
    cyrene 61.24
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 49.98
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 17.51
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 6.91
    4-methylpyridine 20.11
    dibutyl ether 21.01
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 18.76
    DEF 79.04
    dimethyl isosorbide 91.45
    tetrachloroethylene 9.95
    eugenol 44.93
    triacetin 41.46
    span 80 44.87
    1,4-butanediol 65.36
    1,1-dichloroethane 5.72
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 38.66
    methyl formate 104.91
    2-methyl-1-butanol 49.73
    n-decane 2.39
    butyronitrile 25.97
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 27.33
    1-chlorooctane 9.11
    1-chlorotetradecane 4.22
    n-nonane 2.09
    undecane 1.89
    tert-butylcyclohexane 1.26
    cyclooctane 0.59
    cyclopentanol 43.33
    tetrahydropyran 44.14
    tert-amyl methyl ether 52.95
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 126.02
    1-hexene 2.97
    2-isopropoxyethanol 103.37
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 75.0
    methyl butyrate 39.14

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction