Piperazine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    110-85-0

    Molecular formula
    C4H10N2

    SMILES
    C1CNCCN1

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Fishy 79.48%
    Animal 38.04%
    Odorless 31.49%
    Cheesy 26.85%
    Nutty 26.21%
    Popcorn 24.22%
    Sweet 20.25%
    Ripe 20.17%
    Roasted 17.08%
    Musty 16.2%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 49.22%
    Animal 40.86%
    Ammoniacal 34.26%
    Amine 31.49%
    Egg 28.37%
    Alkaline 27.7%
    Roasted 24.41%
    Shrimp 22.5%
    Cereal 21.21%
    Sweet 20.83%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.5

    pKa est.
    7.51 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    86.14 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Very fast

    Melting point expt.

    • 223 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 106 °C
    • MP: 82-83 °C /Piperazine hydrochloride monohydrate/

    Boiling point

    • 295 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • 146 °C

    Flash point

    • 54.44 ˚C est.
    • 190 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 81 °C
    • 107 °C (Cleveland Open Cup)
    • 65 °C

    Solubility expt.

    • Very soluble (NTP, 1992)
    • 1000000 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • Mol wt 184.13. Minute crystals. Very slightly sol in water. pH of saturated aq soln 6.5 /Phosphate/
    • Mol wt 184.13. Minute crystals. Very slightly sol in water. pH of saturated aq soln 6.5 /Phosphate/
    • Freely soluble in glycerol, glycols; one gram dissolves in 2 ml of 95% alcohol. Insoluble in ether.
    • Very soluble in chloroform.
    • Readily soluble in methanol, but only slightly soluble in benzene and heptane.
    • Freely soluble in water.
    • 3.71e+02 g/L
    • Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 15
    • Soluble in water
    • Soluble (in ethanol)

  • Synonyms

    • piperazine
    • 110-85-0
    • Diethylenediamine
    • 1,4-Diazacyclohexane
    • Piperazin
    • Hexahydropyrazine
    • Piperazidine
    • Antiren
    • 1,4-Piperazine
    • Diethyleneimine
    • Pipersol
    • Eraverm
    • Dispermine
    • Lumbrical
    • Wurmirazin
    • Uvilon
    • Piperazine, anhydrous
    • Vermex
    • Worm-A-Ton
    • 1,4-Diethylenediamine
    • Asca-Trol No. 3
    • Pyrazine hexahydride
    • Hexahydro-1,4-diazine
    • Pyrazine, hexahydro-
    • Piperazine anhydrous
    • Piperazine (USP)
    • Vermizine (TN)
    • NSC 474
    • MFCD00005953
    • CCRIS 5950
    • HSDB 1093
    • UNII-1RTM4PAL0V
    • 1RTM4PAL0V
    • EINECS 203-808-3
    • Piperazine [USP]
    • BRN 0102555
    • PIPERAZINUM
    • 1,4 Diazacyclohexane
    • DTXSID1021164
    • CHEBI:28568
    • NSC-474
    • DTXCID701164
    • NSC474
    • FEMA NO. 4250
    • EC 203-808-3
    • 5-23-01-00030 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • Eraverm (VAN)
    • Piperazin [German]
    • NCGC00094762-03
    • Vermizine
    • PIPERAZINE (II)
    • PIPERAZINE [II]
    • Upixon
    • PIPERAZINE (MART.)
    • PIPERAZINE [MART.]
    • PIPERAZINE (USP-RS)
    • PIPERAZINE [USP-RS]
    • Anhydrous piperazine
    • Piperazin [Germany]
    • Piperazina
    • PIPERAZINE (USP MONOGRAPH)
    • PIPERAZINE [USP MONOGRAPH]
    • 1,4 Piperazine
    • CAS-110-85-0
    • PZE
    • UN2579
    • piperizine
    • piperzine
    • piprazine
    • exahydropyrazine
    • Piperazine-
    • Hexahydropirazine
    • 7-piperazine
    • 4-diazacyclohexane
    • Piperazine,anhydrous
    • Piperazine, 99%
    • Tasnon (Salt/Mix)
    • Exelmin (Salt/Mix)
    • Vermidol (Salt/Mix)
    • Piperazine - anhydrous
    • Vermizine (Salt/Mix)
    • Spectrum_001113
    • PIPERAZINE [MI]
    • Spectrum5_001817
    • PIPERAZINE [FHFI]
    • PIPERAZINE [HSDB]
    • PIPERAZINE (anhydrous)
    • WLN: T6M DMTJ
    • PIPERAZINE [VANDF]
    • PIPERAZINUM [HPUS]
    • Piperazine, p.a., 98%
    • CHEMBL1412
    • NCIOpen2_000984
    • NCIOpen2_000988
    • NCIOpen2_001024
    • NCIOpen2_001031
    • NCIOpen2_001033
    • NCIOpen2_001071
    • NCIOpen2_001073
    • NCIOpen2_001111
    • NCIOpen2_001151
    • NCIOpen2_001231
    • NCIOpen2_001262
    • NCIOpen2_001269
    • NCIOpen2_004830
    • NCIOpen2_004834
    • NCIOpen2_004862
    • NCIOpen2_004874
    • NCIOpen2_004904
    • NCIOpen2_004910
    • NCIOpen2_004914
    • NCIOpen2_004942
    • NCIOpen2_004952
    • NCIOpen2_004954
    • NCIOpen2_004982
    • NCIOpen2_004992
    • NCIOpen2_004994
    • NCIOpen2_005022
    • NCIOpen2_005032
    • NCIOpen2_005034
    • NCIOpen2_005062
    • NCIOpen2_005072
    • NCIOpen2_005102
    • NCIOpen2_005108
    • NCIOpen2_005145
    • NCIOpen2_005182
    • NCIOpen2_005185
    • NCIOpen2_005187

  • Applications

    Piperazine is widely used as a versatile building block and intermediate in industrial synthesis: it serves as an intermediate in pharmaceutical and agrochemical production, a precursor for dyes and pigments, and a building block for specialty polymers and resins; in coatings and adhesives, it acts as an epoxy-curing agent for epoxy systems and provides a platform for functional diversification to develop specialized chemicals.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 180.33
    methanol 395.47
    isopropanol 59.66
    water 144.51
    ethyl acetate 40.05
    n-propanol 120.6
    acetone 39.02
    n-butanol 80.6
    acetonitrile 63.06
    DMF 183.97
    toluene 6.59
    isobutanol 50.34
    1,4-dioxane 50.03
    methyl acetate 49.28
    THF 117.38
    2-butanone 38.89
    n-pentanol 38.74
    sec-butanol 45.83
    n-hexane 2.55
    ethylene glycol 186.88
    NMP 226.75
    cyclohexane 5.42
    DMSO 214.22
    n-butyl acetate 29.5
    n-octanol 13.65
    chloroform 202.52
    n-propyl acetate 17.03
    acetic acid 506.86
    dichloromethane 160.76
    cyclohexanone 65.17
    propylene glycol 125.78
    isopropyl acetate 12.18
    DMAc 111.44
    2-ethoxyethanol 87.83
    isopentanol 29.34
    n-heptane 5.64
    ethyl formate 88.51
    1,2-dichloroethane 60.12
    n-hexanol 39.99
    2-methoxyethanol 247.19
    isobutyl acetate 7.37
    tetrachloromethane 47.23
    n-pentyl acetate 17.86
    transcutol 94.84
    n-heptanol 23.35
    ethylbenzene 2.57
    MIBK 6.57
    2-propoxyethanol 94.08
    tert-butanol 29.14
    MTBE 8.06
    2-butoxyethanol 60.5
    propionic acid 245.21
    o-xylene 4.91
    formic acid 699.24
    diethyl ether 18.63
    m-xylene 3.92
    p-xylene 3.83
    chlorobenzene 23.27
    dimethyl carbonate 15.42
    n-octane 1.76
    formamide 511.38
    cyclopentanone 117.69
    2-pentanone 22.69
    anisole 7.62
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 33.13
    gamma-butyrolactone 227.88
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 98.8
    pyridine 84.32
    3-pentanone 20.54
    furfural 223.67
    n-dodecane 0.94
    diethylene glycol 113.61
    diisopropyl ether 2.47
    tert-amyl alcohol 26.53
    acetylacetone 19.22
    n-hexadecane 0.95
    acetophenone 12.96
    methyl propionate 43.2
    isopentyl acetate 14.84
    trichloroethylene 137.6
    n-nonanol 12.16
    cyclohexanol 41.55
    benzyl alcohol 25.44
    2-ethylhexanol 17.45
    isooctanol 13.5
    dipropyl ether 17.09
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 23.76
    ethyl lactate 21.49
    propylene carbonate 88.86
    n-methylformamide 295.1
    2-pentanol 25.42
    n-pentane 4.16
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 56.26
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 26.37
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 23.14
    mesitylene 2.3
    ε-caprolactone 78.35
    p-cymene 5.35
    epichlorohydrin 123.61
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 38.61
    2-aminoethanol 237.19
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 139.97
    sulfolane 234.95
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1.41
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 58.51
    n-hexyl acetate 16.0
    isooctane 0.57
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 41.88
    sec-butyl acetate 6.6
    tert-butyl acetate 7.68
    decalin 1.43
    glycerin 229.27
    diglyme 63.44
    acrylic acid 271.39
    isopropyl myristate 4.64
    n-butyric acid 203.68
    acetyl acetate 25.42
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 10.74
    ethyl propionate 14.99
    nitromethane 318.82
    1,2-diethoxyethane 19.22
    benzonitrile 28.03
    trioctyl phosphate 7.97
    1-bromopropane 27.53
    gamma-valerolactone 157.59
    n-decanol 8.07
    triethyl phosphate 11.82
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 7.41
    propionitrile 54.84
    vinylene carbonate 89.16
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 234.43
    DMS 14.09
    cumene 2.37
    2-octanol 9.25
    2-hexanone 10.5
    octyl acetate 8.74
    limonene 8.63
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 42.8
    ethyl orthosilicate 10.65
    tributyl phosphate 9.8
    diacetone alcohol 20.24
    N,N-dimethylaniline 7.01
    acrylonitrile 95.19
    aniline 38.74
    1,3-propanediol 191.58
    bromobenzene 15.61
    dibromomethane 85.19
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 110.29
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 12.06
    tetrabutyl urea 13.12
    diisobutyl methanol 6.04
    2-phenylethanol 25.33
    styrene 4.25
    dioctyl adipate 8.78
    dimethyl sulfate 36.37
    ethyl butyrate 19.36
    methyl lactate 54.41
    butyl lactate 26.95
    diethyl carbonate 11.75
    propanediol butyl ether 43.53
    triethyl orthoformate 14.75
    p-tert-butyltoluene 4.94
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 17.43
    morpholine 106.32
    tert-butylamine 16.44
    n-dodecanol 5.7
    dimethoxymethane 41.82
    ethylene carbonate 64.48
    cyrene 34.3
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 24.49
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 13.14
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 29.39
    4-methylpyridine 41.84
    dibutyl ether 8.87
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 6.04
    DEF 60.46
    dimethyl isosorbide 39.11
    tetrachloroethylene 119.41
    eugenol 24.81
    triacetin 18.8
    span 80 34.25
    1,4-butanediol 68.57
    1,1-dichloroethane 42.75
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 17.23
    methyl formate 139.71
    2-methyl-1-butanol 38.18
    n-decane 1.67
    butyronitrile 45.62
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 8.91
    1-chlorooctane 5.76
    1-chlorotetradecane 2.05
    n-nonane 1.73
    undecane 1.19
    tert-butylcyclohexane 1.15
    cyclooctane 1.78
    cyclopentanol 85.8
    tetrahydropyran 43.07
    tert-amyl methyl ether 8.52
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 39.86
    1-hexene 6.92
    2-isopropoxyethanol 32.26
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 242.31
    methyl butyrate 23.11

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction