Oxalic Acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    144-62-7

    Molecular formula
    C2H2O4

    SMILES
    C(=O)(C(=O)O)O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 63.64%
    Sour 45.77%
    Caramellic 43.66%
    Burnt 37.72%
    Sharp 29.8%
    Buttery 23.82%
    Clean 21.39%
    Winey 20.48%
    Creamy 19.09%
    Pungent 16.51%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 57.32%
    Sour 46.26%
    Caramellic 32.17%
    Very mild 32.11%
    Acidic 24.67%
    Sharp 22.97%
    Nutty 22.0%
    Formyl 20.76%
    Acetoin 20.58%
    Urine 20.58%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -0.3

    pKa est.
    2.83 (strong acid)

    Molecular weight
    90.03 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Moderately fast

    Melting point expt.

    • 372 °F (Decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
    • 189.5 dec °C
    • 189.5 °C (DECOMPOSES)
    • 189.5 °C
    • 372 °F
    • 215 °F (Sublimes)

    Boiling point

    • Sublimes (NIOSH, 2024)
    • sublimes
    • Sublimes

    Flash point

    • 144.32 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 50 to 100 mg/mL at 75 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 220000 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • 100 G AQ SOLN SATURATED @ 15 °C CONTAINS 6.71 G; 100 G AQ SOLN SATURATED @ 20 °C CONTAINS 8.34 G; 100 G AQ SOLN SATURATED @ 25 °C CONTAINS 9.81 G
    • VERY SOL IN ETHANOL; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHER; INSOL IN BENZENE, CHLOROFORM, PETROLEUM ETHER
    • Water solubility of 220,000 mg/l at 25 °C
    • 220 mg/mL at 25 °C
    • Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 9-10 (moderate)
    • 14%

  • Synonyms

    • oxalic acid
    • ethanedioic acid
    • 144-62-7
    • Aktisal
    • Aquisal
    • Oxiric acid
    • Oxaalzuur
    • Oxalsaeure
    • Kyselina stavelova
    • Acide oxalique
    • Acido ossalico
    • Caswell No. 625
    • Acidum oxalicum
    • Ethanedionic acid
    • NCI-C55209
    • Ethane-1,2-dioic acid
    • Oxaalzuur [Dutch]
    • Oxalsaeure [German]
    • Acide oxalique [French]
    • CCRIS 1454
    • Acido ossalico [Italian]
    • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 009601
    • HSDB 1100
    • Kyselina stavelova [Czech]
    • HOOCCOOH
    • Oxalic acid anhydrous
    • AI3-26463
    • NSC 62774
    • Ethandisaeure
    • C2H2O4
    • BRN 0385686
    • Acid, Oxalic
    • EINECS 205-634-3
    • H2ox
    • UNII-9E7R5L6H31
    • DTXSID0025816
    • CHEBI:16995
    • 9E7R5L6H31
    • MFCD00002573
    • NSC-62774
    • DTXCID805816
    • Oxalicacid
    • EC 205-634-3
    • 4-02-00-01819 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • bis(5-azaspiro[2.5]octan-8-ol)
    • bis((2R)-azetidine-2-carbonitrile)
    • ETHANEDIOIC ACID DIHYDRATE
    • bis(1-(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)ethan-1-amine)
    • C00209
    • Oxalic acid alpha polymorph
    • Oxalic acid diammonium salt
    • CAS-144-62-7
    • OXD
    • OXALIPLATIN IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY)
    • OXALIPLATIN IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
    • NSC115893
    • Oxalic acid (aqueous)
    • Ethanedionate
    • Oxagel
    • 2dua
    • 2hwg
    • Oxalic Acid Dianion
    • Anhydrous oxalic acid
    • Ethane-1,2-dioate
    • Oxalic acid, 98%
    • Oxalic acid (8CI)
    • oxalic acid 2 hydrate
    • Oxalic acid, anhydrous
    • Oxalic acid 2-Hydrate
    • 1o4n
    • 1t5a
    • Oxalic acid 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
    • WLN: QVVQ
    • Ethanedioic acid (9CI)
    • OXALIC ACID [MI]
    • Oxalic acid dihydrate ACS
    • Ultraplast Activate S 52
    • bmse000106
    • OXALIC ACID [HSDB]
    • NCIOpen2_000770
    • NCIOpen2_001022
    • NCIOpen2_001042
    • NCIOpen2_001202
    • NCIOpen2_008831
    • OXALIC ACID [VANDF]
    • OXALIC ACID, 99%
    • Oxalic acid /Ethanedioic acid
    • OXALIC ACID [WHO-DD]
    • Oxalic acid, AR, >=99%
    • Oxalic acid, LR, >=98%
    • CHEMBL146755
    • Oxalic acid, 99% (Standard)
    • Ethanedioic acid;Aktisal;Aquisal
    • Oxalic acid, analytical standard
    • BDBM14674
    • HY-Y0262R
    • HY-Y0262
    • NSC62774
    • STR01359
    • Tox21_202122
    • Tox21_303346
    • BBL003000
    • NCI-55209
    • s9354
    • STK379550
    • AKOS005449445
    • CCG-266020
    • DB03902
    • FO26604
    • SB40938
    • SB40959
    • SB40985
    • Oxalic acid, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
    • NCGC00249170-01
    • NCGC00257376-01
    • NCGC00259671-01
    • BP-21133
    • Oxalic acid, SAJ first grade, >=97.0%
    • CS-0013716
    • NS00077150
    • Oxalic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
    • EN300-16428
    • G73503
    • Oxalic acid, purum, anhydrous, >=97.0% (RT)
    • Q184832
    • F1B1B2D7-C290-4CE6-8550-F25B202AFADE
    • F2191-0257
    • Oxalic acid, puriss. p.a., anhydrous, >=99.0% (RT)

  • Applications

    Oxalic acid (CAS 144-62-7) is widely used as a chelating agent to bind metal ions in cleaning formulations and related applications, and as a rust-removal additive in household and industrial products. It also acts as a reducing agent in metal finishing and electronics cleaning, aiding the removal of copper oxide from printed circuit boards. In the textile and paper industries it is used for bleaching and whitening, and in some dyeing processes it serves as a mordant for natural dyes. Additionally, it functions as an intermediate chemical and processing aid in various industrial syntheses and formulations.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 94.21
    methanol 140.67
    isopropanol 37.37
    water 104.31
    ethyl acetate 5.43
    n-propanol 38.38
    acetone 18.06
    n-butanol 24.37
    acetonitrile 7.01
    DMF 127.61
    toluene 0.89
    isobutanol 15.86
    1,4-dioxane 15.95
    methyl acetate 8.63
    THF 20.0
    2-butanone 11.35
    n-pentanol 12.54
    sec-butanol 24.22
    n-hexane 1.07
    ethylene glycol 84.19
    NMP 49.24
    cyclohexane 1.77
    DMSO 226.01
    n-butyl acetate 1.84
    n-octanol 4.69
    chloroform 1.31
    n-propyl acetate 1.85
    acetic acid 83.75
    dichloromethane 2.82
    cyclohexanone 5.14
    propylene glycol 49.83
    isopropyl acetate 3.04
    DMAc 77.0
    2-ethoxyethanol 49.69
    isopentanol 14.23
    n-heptane 1.97
    ethyl formate 10.59
    1,2-dichloroethane 3.71
    n-hexanol 6.32
    2-methoxyethanol 122.18
    isobutyl acetate 0.43
    tetrachloromethane 0.78
    n-pentyl acetate 2.68
    transcutol 35.36
    n-heptanol 6.33
    ethylbenzene 0.65
    MIBK 3.15
    2-propoxyethanol 18.43
    tert-butanol 28.55
    MTBE 9.82
    2-butoxyethanol 19.19
    propionic acid 19.79
    o-xylene 1.38
    formic acid 165.94
    diethyl ether 11.3
    m-xylene 0.78
    p-xylene 0.59
    chlorobenzene 0.3
    dimethyl carbonate 5.55
    n-octane 1.01
    formamide 231.07
    cyclopentanone 8.25
    2-pentanone 7.57
    anisole 1.84
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 6.12
    gamma-butyrolactone 10.09
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 52.96
    pyridine 6.34
    3-pentanone 5.4
    furfural 9.87
    n-dodecane 0.48
    diethylene glycol 33.09
    diisopropyl ether 2.47
    tert-amyl alcohol 25.15
    acetylacetone 5.76
    n-hexadecane 0.49
    acetophenone 1.89
    methyl propionate 7.22
    isopentyl acetate 1.15
    trichloroethylene 2.22
    n-nonanol 4.23
    cyclohexanol 8.66
    benzyl alcohol 4.01
    2-ethylhexanol 2.51
    isooctanol 3.86
    dipropyl ether 4.06
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.29
    ethyl lactate 3.37
    propylene carbonate 2.92
    n-methylformamide 81.81
    2-pentanol 13.76
    n-pentane 2.42
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 10.7
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 3.12
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 9.78
    mesitylene 0.7
    ε-caprolactone 5.8
    p-cymene 0.73
    epichlorohydrin 10.49
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.75
    2-aminoethanol 98.23
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 38.61
    sulfolane 22.68
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.87
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 11.78
    n-hexyl acetate 2.58
    isooctane 0.44
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 17.3
    sec-butyl acetate 1.06
    tert-butyl acetate 3.02
    decalin 0.43
    glycerin 74.86
    diglyme 29.26
    acrylic acid 21.47
    isopropyl myristate 1.05
    n-butyric acid 14.83
    acetyl acetate 2.07
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 1.09
    ethyl propionate 1.98
    nitromethane 46.75
    1,2-diethoxyethane 6.54
    benzonitrile 0.93
    trioctyl phosphate 1.45
    1-bromopropane 2.49
    gamma-valerolactone 16.12
    n-decanol 3.26
    triethyl phosphate 0.98
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 5.09
    propionitrile 4.06
    vinylene carbonate 2.29
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 14.56
    DMS 1.52
    cumene 0.57
    2-octanol 3.67
    2-hexanone 2.51
    octyl acetate 1.76
    limonene 1.23
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 29.36
    ethyl orthosilicate 1.19
    tributyl phosphate 1.05
    diacetone alcohol 11.47
    N,N-dimethylaniline 3.02
    acrylonitrile 5.38
    aniline 3.43
    1,3-propanediol 84.46
    bromobenzene 0.19
    dibromomethane 2.01
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 2.78
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.69
    tetrabutyl urea 2.87
    diisobutyl methanol 2.07
    2-phenylethanol 2.54
    styrene 0.62
    dioctyl adipate 1.32
    dimethyl sulfate 11.04
    ethyl butyrate 1.65
    methyl lactate 12.85
    butyl lactate 4.0
    diethyl carbonate 0.86
    propanediol butyl ether 15.57
    triethyl orthoformate 1.59
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.86
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 4.14
    morpholine 30.74
    tert-butylamine 13.32
    n-dodecanol 2.45
    dimethoxymethane 34.33
    ethylene carbonate 2.09
    cyrene 6.34
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 4.31
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.78
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.39
    4-methylpyridine 3.86
    dibutyl ether 2.64
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 2.07
    DEF 23.46
    dimethyl isosorbide 6.18
    tetrachloroethylene 2.92
    eugenol 5.05
    triacetin 2.21
    span 80 7.35
    1,4-butanediol 30.17
    1,1-dichloroethane 1.5
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 7.64
    methyl formate 34.97
    2-methyl-1-butanol 15.26
    n-decane 0.81
    butyronitrile 4.63
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 2.45
    1-chlorooctane 1.12
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.53
    n-nonane 0.89
    undecane 0.61
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.29
    cyclooctane 1.01
    cyclopentanol 12.81
    tetrahydropyran 8.46
    tert-amyl methyl ether 9.26
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 20.44
    1-hexene 1.8
    2-isopropoxyethanol 17.13
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 26.8
    methyl butyrate 3.25

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction