N,N-Dimethylformamide

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    68-12-2

    Molecular formula
    C3H7NO

    SMILES
    CN(C)C=O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Fruity 64.21%
    Cheesy 47.64%
    Pungent 47.25%
    Green 37.17%
    Ethereal 31.91%
    Sharp 30.15%
    Fresh 28.52%
    Fermented 26.25%
    Ripe 23.44%
    Cocoa 20.81%

     

    Flavor
    Fruity 42.73%
    Pungent 39.1%
    Green 32.51%
    Oily 29.17%
    Ethereal 28.0%
    Nutty 27.57%
    Floral 26.33%
    Cheese 25.98%
    Fatty 25.46%
    Butter 23.55%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

    Odor threshold

    • Odor Threshold Low: 0.47 [mmHg]. Odor Threshold High: 100.0 [mmHg]. [ACGIH] Odor threshold from AIHA
    • 300 mg/cu m (odor low) 300 mg/cu m (odor high)

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.0

    pKa est.
    6.46 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    73.09 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Very fast

    Melting point expt.

    • -78 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • -60.4 °C
    • -60.3 °C
    • -61 °C
    • -78 °F

    Boiling point

    • 300 to 313 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • 153 °C
    • 152.8 °C
    • BP: 76 °C at 39 mm Hg; 25 °C at 3.7 mm Hg
    • 307 °F

    Flash point

    • 42.4 ˚C est.
    • 153 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 58 °C, closed cup
    • 67 °C (open cup); 58 °C (Closed cup)
    • 136 °F (58 °C)
    • 58 °C c.c.
    • 136 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 1000000 mg/L (at 25 °C)
    • Miscible with water and most common organic solvents
    • Miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, benzene; slightly soluble in ligroin
    • 1000000 mg/L at 25 °C
    • Solubility in water: miscible
    • Miscible

  • Synonyms

    • N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
    • Dimethylformamide
    • 68-12-2
    • Dimethyl formamide
    • N,N-Dimethylmethanamide
    • N-Formyldimethylamine
    • Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-
    • Dimethylformamid
    • DMF
    • DMFA
    • Dimetilformamide
    • Dwumetyloformamid
    • Formyldimethylamine
    • N,N-Dimethyl formamide
    • Dimetylformamidu
    • DMF (amide)
    • Dimethylforamide
    • NCI-C60913
    • N,N Dimethylformamide
    • Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci
    • Caswell No. 366A
    • dimethyl-Formamide
    • n,n,dimethylformamide
    • N,N-Dimetilformamida
    • HSDB 78
    • CCRIS 1638
    • DTXSID6020515
    • U-4224
    • NSC 5356
    • NSC-5356
    • Formic acid, amide, N,N-dimethyl-
    • EINECS 200-679-5
    • MFCD00003284
    • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 366200
    • UNII-8696NH0Y2X
    • CHEBI:17741
    • AI3-03311
    • n,n-dimethyl-Formamide
    • NSC5356
    • N,N- Dimethylformamide
    • 8696NH0Y2X
    • N,N-Dimethylformaldehyde
    • DTXCID20515
    • EC 200-679-5
    • N,N-Dimethylformamid
    • DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (MART.)
    • DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE [MART.]
    • N,N-Dimethylformamide, HPLC Grade
    • Dimetylformamidu [Czech]
    • Dimethylformamid [German]
    • N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (IARC)
    • N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE [IARC]
    • Dimetilformamide [Italian]
    • Dwumetyloformamid [Polish]
    • CAS-68-12-2
    • MFCD00003286
    • N,N-Dimetilformamida [Spanish]
    • DMF; Dimethylformamide; N,N-Dimethylformamide
    • N,N-Dimethylformamide, for HPLC, >=99.9%
    • N, N-dimethylformamide
    • N,N-Dimethylformamide, ACS reagent, >=99.8%
    • N, N-dimethyl formamide
    • UN2265
    • Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci [Czech]
    • dimethlforamide
    • dimethlformamide
    • dimethyformamide
    • dimetylformamide
    • dimehtylformamide
    • dimethlyformamide
    • dimethyiformamide
    • dimethy formamide
    • dimethy1formamide
    • dimethyl foramide
    • dimethyl formamid
    • dimehtylformarnide
    • dimethylformarnide
    • dimethylforrnamide
    • dirnethylformamide
    • di-methylformamide
    • dimethylf ormamide
    • dimethylform amide
    • dimethylform-amide
    • dimethylformamid e
    • dimethylformamide-
    • dirnethylformarnide
    • n-dimethylformamide
    • dimethyl form-amide
    • dimethyl- formamide
    • dimethylfor- mamide
    • N,n-dimethylforamide
    • formamide, dimethyl-
    • N,N-dimethlformamide
    • N,N-dimethyformamide
    • N,N-dimetylformamide
    • n,n.dimethylformamide
    • N,N'dimethylformamide
    • N,N-dimethvlformamide
    • N.N-dimethylformamide
    • HCONMe2
    • Formamide,N-dimethyl-
    • N, N-dimethylforamide
    • N,N'-dimethylforamide
    • N,N-dimethl formamide
    • N,N-dimethy formamide
    • N,N-dimethyl foramide
    • N,N-dimethyl formamid
    • N,N-dimethylformarnide
    • N,N-dimethylforrnamide
    • N,N-dimetyl formamide
    • N,N-dirnethylformamide
    • n,n,-dimethylformamide
    • N, N dimethylformamide
    • N,N -dimethylformamide
    • N,N dimethyl formamide
    • N,N' dimethylformamide
    • N,N-di methylformamide
    • N,N-di-methylformamide
    • N,N-dime-thylformamide
    • N,N-dimehtyl formamide
    • N,N-dimethylfor mamide
    • N,N-dimethylfor-mamide
    • N,N-dimethylform-amide
    • N,N-dimethylformamide-
    • N,N-di-methylforrnamide
    • DMF (dimethylformamide)
    • n,n,-dimethyl formamide
    • N, N'-dimethylformamide

  • Applications

    N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF, CAS 68-12-2) is a high-boiling polar aprotic solvent with broad solvency, used as a reaction medium and processing solvent in organic synthesis (generation of the Vilsmeier–Haack formylating reagent, catalytic promotion of acyl chloride formation from acids with oxalyl or thionyl chloride, peptide couplings and cross-couplings), in pharmaceuticals (API synthesis, purification and recrystallization), in polymer industries (dissolving and processing PAN, PVDF, PU, PVC; acrylic fiber spinning; polyurethane synthetic leather; adhesives and resins), coatings and inks (solubilizing high-performance polymers), textile dyeing (as a dye carrier for hard-to-dye fibers), membranes and electrochemical materials (casting PVDF/PAN membranes, MOF film formation, perovskite inks), and selective extraction/separation processes; it is also used for sample pretreatment, polymer swelling/decomposition, and catalyst regeneration, but requires strict handling due to hepatotoxicity, skin absorption, and reproductive toxicity classification.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 197.69
    methanol 374.83
    isopropanol 80.04
    water 425.18
    ethyl acetate 22.13
    n-propanol 111.8
    acetone 26.19
    n-butanol 72.69
    acetonitrile 51.96
    DMF 86.14
    toluene 4.23
    isobutanol 56.53
    1,4-dioxane 43.11
    methyl acetate 41.87
    THF 39.11
    2-butanone 27.77
    n-pentanol 21.54
    sec-butanol 66.05
    n-hexane 1.87
    ethylene glycol 199.45
    NMP 118.22
    cyclohexane 2.97
    DMSO 45.03
    n-butyl acetate 14.46
    n-octanol 13.19
    chloroform 99.87
    n-propyl acetate 9.82
    acetic acid 605.97
    dichloromethane 72.01
    cyclohexanone 33.07
    propylene glycol 133.17
    isopropyl acetate 7.97
    DMAc 91.64
    2-ethoxyethanol 56.64
    isopentanol 29.38
    n-heptane 2.96
    ethyl formate 42.23
    1,2-dichloroethane 25.32
    n-hexanol 28.52
    2-methoxyethanol 170.88
    isobutyl acetate 5.42
    tetrachloromethane 29.6
    n-pentyl acetate 9.98
    transcutol 72.36
    n-heptanol 18.96
    ethylbenzene 2.78
    MIBK 5.32
    2-propoxyethanol 59.35
    tert-butanol 54.38
    MTBE 12.12
    2-butoxyethanol 41.0
    propionic acid 203.97
    o-xylene 5.79
    formic acid 682.12
    diethyl ether 12.57
    m-xylene 3.45
    p-xylene 4.86
    chlorobenzene 13.17
    dimethyl carbonate 12.18
    n-octane 1.14
    formamide 346.0
    cyclopentanone 44.4
    2-pentanone 12.0
    anisole 9.28
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 14.19
    gamma-butyrolactone 82.01
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 69.74
    pyridine 48.84
    3-pentanone 12.81
    furfural 101.02
    n-dodecane 0.85
    diethylene glycol 79.66
    diisopropyl ether 2.27
    tert-amyl alcohol 53.66
    acetylacetone 12.16
    n-hexadecane 0.87
    acetophenone 13.02
    methyl propionate 26.92
    isopentyl acetate 11.26
    trichloroethylene 74.27
    n-nonanol 11.49
    cyclohexanol 39.17
    benzyl alcohol 20.17
    2-ethylhexanol 14.08
    isooctanol 12.15
    dipropyl ether 8.7
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 14.77
    ethyl lactate 17.16
    propylene carbonate 47.16
    n-methylformamide 126.71
    2-pentanol 26.21
    n-pentane 3.1
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 35.55
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 15.01
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 29.98
    mesitylene 2.34
    ε-caprolactone 43.57
    p-cymene 5.53
    epichlorohydrin 48.57
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 27.54
    2-aminoethanol 226.86
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 89.31
    sulfolane 71.34
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 2.18
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 31.8
    n-hexyl acetate 13.73
    isooctane 0.77
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 36.05
    sec-butyl acetate 5.32
    tert-butyl acetate 7.73
    decalin 1.37
    glycerin 207.99
    diglyme 53.26
    acrylic acid 246.94
    isopropyl myristate 4.89
    n-butyric acid 124.24
    acetyl acetate 17.72
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 12.71
    ethyl propionate 9.79
    nitromethane 215.77
    1,2-diethoxyethane 10.41
    benzonitrile 18.29
    trioctyl phosphate 7.54
    1-bromopropane 13.11
    gamma-valerolactone 67.94
    n-decanol 8.16
    triethyl phosphate 10.26
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 8.3
    propionitrile 34.89
    vinylene carbonate 55.04
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 139.82
    DMS 14.42
    cumene 2.98
    2-octanol 9.18
    2-hexanone 7.14
    octyl acetate 8.24
    limonene 8.01
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 32.29
    ethyl orthosilicate 9.31
    tributyl phosphate 8.73
    diacetone alcohol 21.21
    N,N-dimethylaniline 8.95
    acrylonitrile 57.12
    aniline 26.78
    1,3-propanediol 178.85
    bromobenzene 7.98
    dibromomethane 41.61
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 55.23
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 13.02
    tetrabutyl urea 11.0
    diisobutyl methanol 6.34
    2-phenylethanol 19.54
    styrene 3.6
    dioctyl adipate 10.49
    dimethyl sulfate 22.64
    ethyl butyrate 12.33
    methyl lactate 36.08
    butyl lactate 18.81
    diethyl carbonate 10.43
    propanediol butyl ether 39.54
    triethyl orthoformate 10.8
    p-tert-butyltoluene 5.58
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 20.46
    morpholine 72.36
    tert-butylamine 30.07
    n-dodecanol 6.07
    dimethoxymethane 25.91
    ethylene carbonate 33.05
    cyrene 34.27
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 14.92
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 9.43
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 24.62
    4-methylpyridine 27.13
    dibutyl ether 5.7
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 6.34
    DEF 31.84
    dimethyl isosorbide 35.43
    tetrachloroethylene 62.67
    eugenol 26.84
    triacetin 19.18
    span 80 29.99
    1,4-butanediol 50.33
    1,1-dichloroethane 27.05
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 14.01
    methyl formate 79.25
    2-methyl-1-butanol 43.68
    n-decane 1.35
    butyronitrile 27.14
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 9.96
    1-chlorooctane 4.76
    1-chlorotetradecane 2.1
    n-nonane 1.27
    undecane 1.03
    tert-butylcyclohexane 1.57
    cyclooctane 1.04
    cyclopentanol 61.23
    tetrahydropyran 25.17
    tert-amyl methyl ether 12.63
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 38.94
    1-hexene 4.68
    2-isopropoxyethanol 24.91
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 295.59
    methyl butyrate 15.25

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction

Botanical

Name CAS Botanical Proportion
Santolina chamaecyparisus (France) 2 84961-58-0 Santolina chamaecyparisus L., fam. Asteraceae (Compositae) 0.01%