M-Phenylenediamine

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    108-45-2

    Molecular formula
    C6H8N2

    SMILES
    C1=CC(=CC(=C1)N)N

    Safety labels

    Acute Toxic
    Acute Toxic

    Health Hazard
    Health

    Environmental Hazard
    Environmental

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Animal 39.44%
    Sweet 37.24%
    Fishy 33.12%
    Cheesy 32.86%
    Meaty 31.96%
    Phenolic 29.93%
    Burnt 29.45%
    Ripe 29.19%
    Floral 28.73%
    Musty 26.58%

     

    Flavor
    Phenolic 27.23%
    Meaty 25.99%
    Sulfurous 24.33%
    Mild 23.05%
    Penetrating 22.37%
    Plastic 21.41%
    Fishy 21.37%
    Floral 20.48%
    Toluene 20.43%
    Medicinal 20.41%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -0.3

    pKa est.
    5.15 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    108.14 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Very slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 145 to 147 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 145-147 °F
    • 62-63 °C

    Boiling point

    • 540 to 543 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
    • 284-287 °C
    • 540-543 °F

    Flash point

    • 137.49 ˚C est.
    • 280 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 187 °C c.c.
    • 280 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • less than 1 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • SOL IN WATER, METHANOL, ETHANOL, CHLOROFORM, ACETONE, DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE, METHYL ETHYL KETONE, DIOXANE; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHER, CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, ISOPROPANOL, DIBUTYL PHTHALATE. VERY SLIGHTLY SOL IN BENZENE, TOLUENE, XYLENE, BUTANOL.
    • In water, 2.38X10+5 mg/l at 20 deg
    • Solubility in water: soluble

  • Synonyms

    • m-Phenylenediamine
    • 108-45-2
    • benzene-1,3-diamine
    • 1,3-Phenylenediamine
    • 1,3-BENZENEDIAMINE
    • 1,3-Diaminobenzene
    • 3-Aminoaniline
    • m-Diaminobenzene
    • m-Aminoaniline
    • meta-Phenylenediamine
    • Developer C
    • Developer 11
    • 3-Phenylenediamine
    • Metaphenylenediamine
    • m-Benzenediamine
    • Developer H
    • Developer M
    • Direct Brown BR
    • Direct Brown GG
    • m-Fenylendiamin
    • C.I. Developer 11
    • meta-Aminoaniline
    • meta-Benzenediamine
    • meta-Diaminobenzene
    • CI Developer 11
    • Benzene, 1,3-diamino-
    • DTXSID4021137
    • APCO 2330
    • RODOL MPD
    • NSC-4776
    • OE624J2447
    • CHEBI:8092
    • DTXCID001137
    • CI 76025
    • CI-76025
    • RefChem:412816
    • 203-584-7
    • m-Phenylene diamine
    • 1,3-phenylene diamine
    • NSC 4776
    • MFCD00007799
    • 1,3-DIAMINO-BENZENE
    • C.I. 76025
    • m-Fenylendiamin [Czech]
    • CAS-108-45-2
    • CCRIS 1236
    • HSDB 5384
    • Phenylenediamine, meta-
    • EINECS 203-584-7
    • BRN 0471357
    • AI3-52607
    • m-phenylenediamin
    • UNII-OE624J2447
    • m-phenylene-diamine
    • 1,3-diaminobenzol
    • Phenylenediamine, m
    • 1,3 bencenodiamina
    • 1,3 benzendiammina
    • 1,3 benzenediamine
    • 1,3 benzenodiamina
    • metaphenylene diamine
    • aniline, 3-amino-
    • 1,3-phenylendiamine
    • 1,3 phenylenediamine
    • meta-phenylene diamine
    • Phenylenediamine, meta
    • (3-aminophenyl)-amine
    • WLN: ZR CZ
    • EC 203-584-7
    • SCHEMBL16054
    • 4-13-00-00079 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • SCHEMBL644833
    • SCHEMBL645025
    • SCHEMBL645027
    • SCHEMBL3005697
    • SCHEMBL4989518
    • SCHEMBL5810451
    • SCHEMBL9482247
    • M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE [MI]
    • CHEMBL1595914
    • SCHEMBL13724247
    • SCHEMBL15641755
    • NSC4776
    • m-Phenylenediamine, flakes, 99%
    • 1,3-BENZENEDIAMINE [HSDB]
    • META-PHENYLENEDIAMINE [IARC]
    • Tox21_202106
    • Tox21_300490
    • MSK000084
    • STL194287
    • AKOS000119108
    • EBC-459085
    • FP54897
    • GS-6709
    • NCGC00091145-01
    • NCGC00091145-02
    • NCGC00091145-03
    • NCGC00091145-04
    • NCGC00254260-01
    • NCGC00259655-01
    • AC-11132
    • m-Phenylenediamine, purum, >=99.0% (T)
    • NS00005820
    • P1892
    • P1911
    • EN300-33904
    • C02454
    • D92171
    • m-Phenylenediamine, technical, >=98.0% (NT)
    • Q2410205
    • m-Phenylenediamine [UN1673] [Keep away from food]
    • F0001-0170
    • InChI=1/C6H8N2/c7-5-2-1-3-6(8)4-5/h1-4H,7-8H
    • 108-45-2

  • Applications

    M-Phenylenediamine (CAS 108-45-2) is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and colorants, including cosmetic hair dyes and textile pigments. It also serves as a building block for pigments and colorants in coatings and inks. In polymer and materials chemistry, it is used as a monomer or reactive precursor for specialty polymers such as aromatic polyimides and related resin systems. Additionally, it can function as an intermediate in organic synthesis to introduce amine functionality for crosslinking or further modification in industrial chemical manufacturing. Its use is typically as an intermediate rather than a final active ingredient, and applications are subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 886.8
    methanol 1253.75
    isopropanol 410.55
    water 221.82
    ethyl acetate 398.08
    n-propanol 457.51
    acetone 1682.97
    n-butanol 308.52
    acetonitrile 1006.08
    DMF 722.73
    toluene 16.58
    isobutanol 191.21
    1,4-dioxane 654.04
    methyl acetate 502.21
    THF 1377.03
    2-butanone 499.15
    n-pentanol 156.42
    sec-butanol 195.8
    n-hexane 6.08
    ethylene glycol 312.92
    NMP 417.98
    cyclohexane 5.49
    DMSO 1165.63
    n-butyl acetate 133.45
    n-octanol 51.04
    chloroform 39.98
    n-propyl acetate 150.7
    acetic acid 1622.76
    dichloromethane 35.84
    cyclohexanone 290.57
    propylene glycol 269.47
    isopropyl acetate 159.97
    DMAc 386.27
    2-ethoxyethanol 372.46
    isopentanol 132.79
    n-heptane 10.49
    ethyl formate 334.15
    1,2-dichloroethane 37.85
    n-hexanol 155.68
    2-methoxyethanol 867.82
    isobutyl acetate 69.73
    tetrachloromethane 18.4
    n-pentyl acetate 63.68
    transcutol 307.25
    n-heptanol 72.79
    ethylbenzene 2.68
    MIBK 114.68
    2-propoxyethanol 371.6
    tert-butanol 269.31
    MTBE 156.01
    2-butoxyethanol 162.38
    propionic acid 561.17
    o-xylene 8.89
    formic acid 1127.71
    diethyl ether 285.2
    m-xylene 13.74
    p-xylene 5.83
    chlorobenzene 22.12
    dimethyl carbonate 175.18
    n-octane 3.26
    formamide 1337.64
    cyclopentanone 722.73
    2-pentanone 357.37
    anisole 31.85
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 219.93
    gamma-butyrolactone 866.54
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 428.82
    pyridine 145.27
    3-pentanone 182.35
    furfural 329.31
    n-dodecane 2.34
    diethylene glycol 329.48
    diisopropyl ether 38.88
    tert-amyl alcohol 120.15
    acetylacetone 379.17
    n-hexadecane 2.52
    acetophenone 32.42
    methyl propionate 310.74
    isopentyl acetate 77.77
    trichloroethylene 64.53
    n-nonanol 42.47
    cyclohexanol 95.94
    benzyl alcohol 37.79
    2-ethylhexanol 48.89
    isooctanol 42.73
    dipropyl ether 106.73
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 13.14
    ethyl lactate 72.91
    propylene carbonate 274.94
    n-methylformamide 857.59
    2-pentanol 132.5
    n-pentane 9.74
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 188.62
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 144.77
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 68.23
    mesitylene 8.06
    ε-caprolactone 210.57
    p-cymene 8.06
    epichlorohydrin 334.72
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 49.04
    2-aminoethanol 445.82
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 380.28
    sulfolane 483.35
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 3.5
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 430.7
    n-hexyl acetate 68.42
    isooctane 3.54
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 115.57
    sec-butyl acetate 60.31
    tert-butyl acetate 127.05
    decalin 1.68
    glycerin 343.68
    diglyme 239.0
    acrylic acid 464.54
    isopropyl myristate 21.8
    n-butyric acid 547.06
    acetyl acetate 241.65
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 24.82
    ethyl propionate 106.85
    nitromethane 2541.72
    1,2-diethoxyethane 114.37
    benzonitrile 46.83
    trioctyl phosphate 22.39
    1-bromopropane 24.37
    gamma-valerolactone 638.27
    n-decanol 29.36
    triethyl phosphate 28.93
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 51.63
    propionitrile 295.89
    vinylene carbonate 194.04
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 206.5
    DMS 60.25
    cumene 3.24
    2-octanol 34.59
    2-hexanone 133.41
    octyl acetate 36.47
    limonene 15.07
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 393.2
    ethyl orthosilicate 27.05
    tributyl phosphate 24.84
    diacetone alcohol 170.48
    N,N-dimethylaniline 15.47
    acrylonitrile 310.97
    aniline 65.5
    1,3-propanediol 525.6
    bromobenzene 12.68
    dibromomethane 22.84
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 43.99
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 37.66
    tetrabutyl urea 30.02
    diisobutyl methanol 25.38
    2-phenylethanol 51.63
    styrene 4.1
    dioctyl adipate 32.42
    dimethyl sulfate 185.87
    ethyl butyrate 89.67
    methyl lactate 183.1
    butyl lactate 54.1
    diethyl carbonate 51.36
    propanediol butyl ether 89.36
    triethyl orthoformate 55.42
    p-tert-butyltoluene 8.98
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 46.09
    morpholine 625.18
    tert-butylamine 106.54
    n-dodecanol 20.66
    dimethoxymethane 506.23
    ethylene carbonate 195.25
    cyrene 65.81
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 99.4
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 52.84
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 19.63
    4-methylpyridine 100.74
    dibutyl ether 38.11
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 25.38
    DEF 219.49
    dimethyl isosorbide 109.2
    tetrachloroethylene 37.92
    eugenol 49.85
    triacetin 64.43
    span 80 63.67
    1,4-butanediol 157.62
    1,1-dichloroethane 49.32
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 67.65
    methyl formate 667.13
    2-methyl-1-butanol 117.63
    n-decane 4.18
    butyronitrile 239.59
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 33.35
    1-chlorooctane 14.83
    1-chlorotetradecane 5.54
    n-nonane 4.13
    undecane 2.97
    tert-butylcyclohexane 2.36
    cyclooctane 2.15
    cyclopentanol 235.01
    tetrahydropyran 356.06
    tert-amyl methyl ether 72.86
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 138.4
    1-hexene 18.27
    2-isopropoxyethanol 172.76
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 477.54
    methyl butyrate 137.03

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction